Toxomerus lacrymosus (Bigot)

Borges, Zuleica M. & Couri, Marcia S., 2009, Revision of Toxomerus Macquart, 1855 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Brazil with synonymic notes, identification key to the species and description of three new species 2179, Zootaxa 2179, pp. 1-72 : 38-39

Toxomerus lacrymosus (Bigot)

( Figs. 14, 53, 54, 55, 107, 108, 109)

Mesograpta lacrymosa Bigot, 1884: 107 (descr.)

Mesogramma lachrymosa Aldrich, 1905: 371 (mssp. lacrymosum and catalogue).

Toxomerus lacrymosus Kertész, 1910: 147 (cat. & n. comb.); Thompson et al., 1976: 51 (cat.).

Male. Head: face 1/3 as long as eye width, yellow, shiny except sparsely white pollinose and pilose laterally; gena black; frontal triangle yellow, white pilose; vertical triangle black, bronze pollinose, black pilose; occiput black, silver pollinose, with thick white pile, with a short row of brownish pile superiorly; antenna yellow, white pilose, arista brown.

Thorax: postpronotum yellow; proepisternum black, white pollinose; proepimeron black; scutum black except broadly yellow laterally, bronze pollinose except for bluish-white pollinose medial vitta, yellow pilose; scutellum yellow, yellow pilose; anterior anepisternum black, long yellow pilose; posterior anepisternum black on anterior 1/2, bare, posterior ½ yellow, yellow pilose; katepisternum black except dorsal 1/3 yellow, dull, yellow pilose; anepimeron black; plumula yellow, calypter yellowish with yellowish fringe; posterior mesothoracic pleuron (katepimeron, meron, katatergum, anatergum and postscutellum) black, anatergum brownish posterodorsally; methatoracic pleuron yellow, except metaepisternum black; metasternum brown; halter yellow. Legs: pro- and mesocoxae black on basal 2/3, yellow apically, yellow pilose; metacoxa yellow, yellow pilose; trochanters yellow, yellow pilose; pro- and mesofemora yellow, yellow pilose; metafemur yellow except for black annulus on apical 1/3, yellow and black pilose; pro- and mesotibiae yellow, yellow pilose; metatibia yellow except for black annulus on basal 1/3, yellow pilose; pro- and mesotarsi yellow to brownish, yellow pilose; metatarsus brown, black pilose. Wing: hyaline, extensively bare, as follow: mostly of cells C, SC, R, BM, CuP, basal 2/3 of cell R1, basal 1/3 of cell R2+3 and anterior basal 1/2 of cell R4+5; alula broader than cell BM appically, microtrichose ( Fig. 14).

Abdomen: terga yellow and black pilose; 1 st tergum black except yellow laterally; 2 nd tergum black with medial yellow fascia sometimes extended medio-anteriorly and yellow latero-anteriorly; 3 rd to 4 th terga mostly yellow with sublateral black maculae, black medial vittae continuous posteriorly and laterally, and brownish posterior fascia; 5 th tergum yellow with sub-lateral black vittae and medial black vitta variable, sometimes as a cross shape. Male genitalia: surstylus broader apically than basally, with scattered short setae, a little longer on dorsal surface; postanal process not distinct; aedeagus enlarged, proeminent dorsally and with some projections ventrally; superior lobe somewhat trapezoid with scattered hairs, longer along ventral margin ( Figs. 53–55).

Female. Similar to male except for the frons black, white pollinose, yellow pilose. Anepisternum with a few short piles.

Female genitalia: 9 th tergum with not distinct black macula; epiproct somewhat elliptical; cercus slender; hypoproct somewhat rounded, pointed on posterior apex; 9 th sternum as in Fig. 108; two somewhat elliptical spermatecae similar in size ( Figs. 107–109).

Length. Body 6.8–7.2 mm, wing 5.5–5.8 mm.

Discussion. Toxomerus lacrymosus is very similar to Toxomerus musicus with a few morphological differences. The characters to distinguish them are the microtrichia distribution on wing, the genitalia morphology and numbers of spermathecae on the feamale.

Type material examined. Syntype. BRAZIL. Mesograpta ? lacrymosa , ♂ & ♀, Ex. Coll. Bigot ( OXUM) .

Other material examined. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus , ♀, 9/XII/1959, Elias and Roppa ( MNRJ) ; Urucurituba , ♂, X/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. ( MZSP) ; Parintins , 2 ♂, XI/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. ( MZSP) . Pará: Belém , ♂, 26/III/1970, J. M. & B. A. Campbell ( CNC) ; Oriximiná , 2 ♂, IX/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. ( MZSP) ; Trombetas , 2 ♂, X/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. ( MZSP) . Pernambuco: Caruaru , ♀, IV/1972, M. Alvarenga ( MNRJ) . Goiás: Rio das Almas, ♂, V/1938, F. Lane ( MZSP) ; Jaraguá , ♀, VI/1942, F. Lane ( MZSP) Brasília: D. F., 4 ♂, 3/III/1970, J. M. & B. A. Campbell ( CNC) . Mato Grosso: Poconé , ♀, I/1951, Valette ( MZSP) . Minas Gerais: Brumadinho , ♂, 20/III/1999, D. Pamplona ( MNRJ) ; Serra do Cipó , 3 ♀, Aires ( MNRJ) ; Lassance , ♂, 20–31/I/1939, Martins, Lopes and Mangabeira ( CNC) . Rio de Janeiro: Saquarema , ♂, 29/V/1999, Lamas C. J. E. ( MNRJ) ; Estrada Rio - São Paulo, 3♂, 3♀, 8/I/1945, 15/I/1945, 17/I/ 1945, 24/I/1945, B. Ramos ( MNRJ) . São Paulo: Santo Amaro , 3 ♀, XI/1950, J. Lane ( MZSP) ; Santa Catarina: Rio das Antas, ♂, I/1953, Camargo ( MZSP) . Nova Teutônia , 3 ♂, IV/1996, F. Plaumann ( CNC) .

Geographical record. Widespread Neotropical, from Mexico to southern Brazil.