Epiphragma (Epiphragma) yunnanense, Mao, Meng & Yang, Ding, 2009

Mao, Meng & Yang, Ding, 2009, New species of the genus Epiphragma Osten Sacken from Yunnan, Southwest China (Diptera, Limoniidae), Zootaxa 2121, pp. 44-56 : 48-49

Epiphragma (Epiphragma) yunnanense sp. nov.

( Figs. 2 , 12–17 )

Diagnosis. Vertex with center of anterior half dark brown. Wing with conspicuous brown patterning, chiefly ocelliform, with narrow dark brown margining. Femora yellow with two dark brown rings, first at 2/3 length of femora, second subapical, longer than yellow tip. Outer gonostylus broad. Inner gonostylus slender, at about 2/3 length bent at strong angle into flattened blade. Interbase with a very long and slender rod beyond base, nearly as long as gonocoxite, arcuate in basal half, base triangular connected with one small ellipsoidal hole.

Description. Male. Body length 9.3–10.8 mm, wing 10.2–11.5 mm.

Head. Brownish yellow. Vertex with center of anterior half dark brown. One median tubercle between eyes. Hairs on head black. Antenna 1.8–2.1 mm. Scape blackish brown, pedicel yellowish brown; flagellum 13-segmented with two basal segments fused, fusion-segment yellow, succeeding segments brown, flagellomeres cylindrical, with longer verticils. Proboscis brown with black hairs; palpus black with black hairs.

Thorax. General yellowish brown. Pronotum brown with one black stripe. Prescutum yellowish brown, narrowly margined with dark brown. Scutum light brownish yellow, median area brown. Scutellum yellow with pale gray pollen. Mediotergite brownish yellow with pale gray pollen, anterior and lateral borders dark brown. Pleura yellowish brown, variegated by paler areas. Hairs on thorax black. Coxae pale brown; trochanters brownish yellow; femora yellow with two dark brown rings, first at 2/3 length of femora, second subapical, longer than yellow tip; tibiae brownish yellow with one spur; tarsi brownish yellow with tips light yellow. Hairs on legs black.

Wing ( Fig. 2 ) whitish hyaline, with conspicuous brown patterning, chiefly ocelliform, with narrow dark brown margining. Base of wing yellowish brown; two large ocellate circles on anterior half of wing; one irregular crossband at cord extending from vein C to vein CuA2, separated from another oblique band from tip of R3 to cell CuA1 by pale stripe; one irregular patterning with five branches to wing tip, respectively at tips of veins R4, R5, M1, M2, M3; one small quadrate spot at tip of vein CuA1; one brown area extending from tips of cell Cu to cell A1; one large subquarate patterning across midlength of cells Cu and A1, ending at tip of cell A2; two additional brown areas at base and midlength of cell A2. R2+3+4 subequal to R2+ 3 in length; m-cu straight, at near 1/3 length of cell dm. Halter 1.4–1.7 mm long, brown except base of stem and apex of knob pale yellow.

Abdomen. Tergites brownish black, with narrow median brownish yellow line, lateral margins pale brown. Sternites brown. Hairs on abdomen black.

Hypopygium ( Figs. 12–17 ). Posterior margin of tergite 9 ( Fig. 12 ) with subtrigonal lobe on each side of median V-shaped notch. Outer gonostylus ( Fig. 13 ) broad with tip curved into slender spine. Inner gonostylus ( Fig. 14 ) slender, at about 2/3 length bent at strong angle into flattened blade. Interbase ( Fig. 16 ) with a very long and slender rod beyond base, nearly as long as gonocoxite, arcuate in basal half, base triangular connected with one small ellipsoidal hole.

Female. Body length 12.5 mm, wing 12.0 mm. Similar to male. Cerci reddish brown; hypovalves brown.

Type material. Holotype male, Yunnan: Baoshan, Baihualing, Wenquan (1650 m), 25°17΄16ʺN 98°47΄32E, 2007. V. 29, Xingyue Liu. Paratypes: 3 males 1 female, same data as holotype; 2 males, Yunnan: Baoshan, Baihualing, Wenquan (1650 m), 25°17΄16ʺN 98°47΄32E, 2007. V. 29, Ruier Nie.

Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Etymology. The species is named after the type locality Yunnan.

Remarks. This new species is somewhat similar to E. evanescens Alexander, 1940 from China (Zhejiang) and Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku) in having the similar patterning of the wing, but it can be separated from the latter by the femora with two brown rings and m-cu straight, at near 1/3 the length of cell dm. In E. evanescens , the femora have a subobsolete pale brown ring before the tip; m-cu is strongly sinuous, near the basal portion of cell dm ( Alexander, 1940). Conversely, the leg patterning of the new species is similar to that of the widespread species E. ocellare (Linnaeus, 1760) , but the wing patterning and the interbase are very different. In E. yunnanense sp. nov., the interbase has a very long and slender rod beyond the base, nearly as long as the gonocoxite, arcuate in basal half, the base is triangular and connected with one small ellipsoidal hole. The base of the interbase is very enlarged, the rod is short and curved into a long spine in E. ocellare .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 5. Wing (male). 1. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) mediale sp. nov.; 2. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) yunnanense sp. nov.; 3. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) ancistrum sp. nov.; 4. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) breve sp. nov.; 5. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) elongatum sp. nov.

FIGURES 12 – 17. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) yunnanense sp. nov. Male. 12. Ninth tergite, dorsal view; 13. outer gonostylus, lateral view; 14. inner gonostylus, lateral view; 15. hypopygium, lateral view; 16. hypopygium, dorsal view; 17. hypopygium, ventral view.