Aleochara (Xenochara) lapidicola ( Sahlberg, 1844 )

Buss, Bruna Caroline & Caron, Edilson, 2023, Revision of Brazilian species of Aleochara Gravenhorst of the subgenus Xenochara Mulsant & Rey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), Zootaxa 5330 (4), pp. 509-534 : 524-527

Aleochara (Xenochara) lapidicola ( Sahlberg, 1844) , revalidated

( Figures 7 , 13, 14 , 21 , 77–84 , 93 )

Oxypoda lapidicola: R. F. Sahlberg, 1844: 517 (original description). Fenyes 1920: 404, Bernhauer & Sheerpeltz 1926: 783 (as subgenus Baryodma , and junior synonym of A. taeniata Erichson, 1839 ). Klimaszewski 1894: 44, Caron et al. 2008: 838 and Newton 2022 (as subgenus Xenochara , and junior synonym of A. taeniata Erichson, 1839 ).

Type locality: “ Rio de Janeiro ”, Brazil ( Sahlberg 1844) .

Aleochara festiva Pace, 1990: 172 (original description). Caron et al. 2008: 837 and Newton 2022 (as valid species). New synonym.

Type locality: “ Brasilien, Nova Teutonia ” ( Pace 1990) .

Type material. Not seen. Reinhold F. Sahlberg did not mentioned the number of specimens examined. We tried to verify the syntypes at the Finnish Museum of Natural History ( MZH), Helsinki, Finland, but they were not there .

Type material. Holotype not seen, deposited in the Museum f̧r Naturkunde der Humboldt, Universität, Berlin, Germany, ZMHB ( Pace 1990). However, a paratype was checked by photos ( Fig. 13 and 14 ) . Paratype, deposited in MSNV, with labels: (1) “ Brasilien, Nova \ Teutonia, 27º11’\ 52º23’, XI.1955 \ Fritz Plaumann ” [white label, printed in black]; (2) “ PARATYPUS \ Aleochara \ festiva\ det. R. PACE 1989 [?]” [red label, manuscript]; (3) “[unreadable]” [white label, printed in black]; (4) “ex coll.\ PACE ” [yellow label, printed in black] .

Additional material. 7 specimens, CESP, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Barbacena , 21°14’09.63”S 43°45.6’55”, 31.I– 05.XII. pitfall or on the pig carcass, F.L. T. Gomes, col. 3 specimens, CESP, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Prados , 21°02’S and 21°04’S 44°08’W, 1053 to 1109m, 14.III.2012, pitfall, L. Vieira et al. col. 13 specimens, MNRJ, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órg „os (Parnaso), 28.X.2018, pitfall, Lab. Coleoptera , col. 16 specimens, CESP, Brazil, Paraná, Campina Grande do Sul, 25°17’47”S 49°2’12”, 7.XII.2011 to 14.I.2014, FIT , F.W. T Leivas, col. 3 specimens CESP , Brazil, Paraná, Tibagi, Pq Estadual do Guartelá , 24°33’49.25”S 50°15’34.97”W, 12.XII.2011, FIT, M. Caterino & A. Tishechkin, col.

Diagnosis. Aleochara (X.) lapidicola differs from A. (X.) leivasorum by having apical abdominal segments VII to X rust brown, lighter than the rest of the abdomen ( Fig. 7 ); and male and female sternum VIII with posterior margin truncate and a very short projection at the middle ( Figs. 79 and 80 ).

Description. Male: maximum body length 6.0 mm, maximum elytral width 1.5 mm. Body brown to dark brown with elytra (some specimens except posterolateral areas), appendices and apical abdominal segments VII to X rust brown, lighter than the rest of the abdomen ( Fig. 7 ). Body dorsal surface glossy; pubescent, appearing yellowish-brown in artificial light, setigerous pores impressed. Head: circular. Pubescence directed anterad. Eyes large and slightly prominent, twice the length of temples. Ventral surface of head with a very short carina on each side of midline. Neck absent. Antenna reaching base of elytra; antennomere 1 subequal in length to antennomere 2 and 3 ( Fig. 21 ); antennomere 4 subquadrate; 5–10 wider than long, gradually increasing in width towards apex; antennomere 11 two times longer than wide, length almost equaling three preceding antennomeres combined; antennomeres 1–4 glossy with some long black setae; antennomeres 5–11 covered by very short white setae, with some long black setae on apex each antennomere; antennomere 11 with long black setae on a transverse circular line at the basal one-third of the antennomere. Labrum transverse; anterior margin with a-sensilla and b-sensilla long. Mandibles symmetrical, without internal teeth. Maxillary palpomere 2 and 3 about the same length; palpomere 4 about half length of 3. Gular plate broad. Thorax: pronotum transverse; posterior margin broadly arcuate, densely pubescent, with pubescence directed posterad and laterad elsewhere. Elytra slightly longer than pronotum, as wide as pronotum; elytra kindly wider than long; elytra densely pubescent, pubescence directed posterad; each posterolateral margin slightly rounded. Hind wings developed. Mesoventrite completely carinate, mesoventrite process somewhat sharp and longer than metaventrite process, both joined. Abdomen: distinctly narrowed posteriorly. Pubescence sparse directed posterad. Tergum VIII with posterior margin emarginate and slightly serrate (around 20 teeth) ( Fig. 77 ). Sternum VIII with posterior margin truncate and a very short projection at the middle ( Figs. 79 ). Aedeagus elongate ( Figs. 81–83 ); median lobe of the aedeagus with apex strongly curved directed ventrad in lateral view. Female: similar to male, except for tergum VIII with posterior margin emarginate, but not serrate ( Fig. 78 ). Sternum VIII with posterior margin truncate and a very short projection at the middle (but, more conspicuous than the male) ( Fig. 80 ). Spermatheca C-shaped and coiled duct ( Fig. 84 ).

Geographical records. Brazil: Minas Gerais (Barbacena, Prados) , Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis), Paraná ( Campina Grande do Sul , Tibagi) and Santa Catarina (Seara = Nova Teutônia) ( Fig. 93 ).

Taxonomic notes. The name A. (X.) lapidicola has been considered junior synonym of A. (X.) taeniata since Fenyes (1920). However, the species treated here is similar to Sahlberg’s (1844) description and differs from A. (X.) taeniata described by Klimaszewski (1984). At this point we decide to revalidate it for a valid species name.

The name A. (X.) festiva Pace, 1990 is here treated as junior synonym of A. (X.) lapidicola , after the study of the type material.

Biological notes. The specimens of Aleochara (X.) lapidicola were collected using flight intercepting traps

(FIT), on pig carcasses or with pitfall traps baited with feces.

Figures

FIGURE 93. Map of Brazilian records for some species of Aleochara (Xenochara): A. (X.) lapidicola; A. (X.) puberula and A. (X.) simulatrix.

FIGURES 1–8. Dorsal view of Brazilian species of Aleochara (Xenochara). 1) A. (X.) puberula; 2) A. (X.) verberans; 3) A. (X.) simulatrix; 4) A. (X.) taeniata; 5) A. (X.) capitinigra sp. nov.; 6) A. (X.) repetita; 7) A. (X.) lapidicola; 8) A. (X.) leivasorum sp. nov. Scales: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 9–14. Types of Aleochara (Xenochara). 9, 10) A. simulatrix, 9) habitus, dorsal view, 10) labels; 11, 12) A. opacula, 11) habitus, dorsal view (scale 1 mm), 12) labels; 13, 14) A. festiva, 13) habitus, dorsal view, 14) labels.

FIGURES 15–22. Antennae of Brazilian species of Aleochara (Xenochara). 15) A. (X.) puberula; 16) A. (X.) verberans; 17) A. (X.) simulatrix; 18) A. (X.) taeniata; 19) A. (X.) capitinigra sp. nov.; 20) A. (X.) repetita; 21) A. (X.) lapidicola; 22) A. (X.) leivasorum sp. nov. Scales: 0.6 mm.

FIGURES 77–84. Terminalia of Aleochara (Xenochara) lapidicola. 77) Tergum VIII, male; 78) Tergum VIII, female; 79) Sternum VIII, male; 80) Sternum VIII, female; 81) Median lobe of aedeagus, dorsal view; 82) Median lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; 83) Median lobe of aedeagus, ventral view; 84) Spermatheca. Scales: 0.6 mm (Figs.: 77–80), 0.5 mm (Figs. 81–83), 0.15 mm (Fig. 84).