Dendropaemon (Coprophanaeoides) pauliani Martínez & Pereira, 1960

François Génier & Patrick Arnaud, 2016, Dendropaemon Perty, 1830: taxonomy, systematics and phylogeny of the morphologically most derived phanaeine genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, Phanaeini), Zootaxa 4099 (1) : 18-20

8. Dendropaemon (Coprophanaeoides) pauliani Martínez & Pereira, 1960

( Figs. 8 , 135 , 156 )

Dendropaemon pauliani Martínez & Pereira 1960 , Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina 22: 81 (original description) Dendropaemon pauliani: Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009 , Kempffiana 5: 49 (faunistic)

Type locality. Parapeti, provincia Cordillera, departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia.

Diagnosis. The acutely notched external side of each clypeal tooth will place this species in Coprophanaeoides . Within Coprophanaeoides , the glabrous clypeus and pronotum will separate it from all other species except D. bluti , which has smaller eyes, D. inflatus which has atrophied elytral striae and D. renatii which is known from Brazil.

Description. Female holotype ( Fig. 8 ). Body. Body moderately large, length 12.0 mm, maximum width 7.0 mm; body subrectangular in dorsal view; dorsum narrowly flat. Color. Dorsal surface dark brown to black, glossy, with blue and green metallic sheen; head with faint bluish and greenish metallic sheen on posterior portion of clypeus, genae and frons; pronotum with faint bluish and greenish metallic sheen on anterior and lateral declivities; elytra with faint bluish metallic sheen; ventrum with faint greenish and coppery metallic sheen; pygidium with faint bluish metallic sheen; legs light to dark brown, with faint greenish metallic sheen. Head. Clypeus broadly arcuate, anterior portion upturned; clypeal teeth ogival; clypeal median emargination v-shaped, clypeal edge acutely notched on external side of each clypeal tooth, clypeal teeth ventral surface lacking carina, clypeal margin ill-defined, bordered posteriorly by a more or less regular row of punctures, clypeal surface with transverse blunt rugulae; clypeogenal suture well-defined, bluntly carinate internally; genal surface with fine sharp tubercle and rugulae on disc, lacking distinct transverse carina, simply convex; clypeofrontal carina low, more than 6 times wider than high, straight in dorsal view, simply carinate, clypeofrontal carina apical edge broadly arcuate in frontal view; eyes moderately large in dorsal view, interocular ratio 3.3. Pronotum. Pronotum transverse in dorsal view, pronotal width/length ratio 1.6; disc of pronotum smooth basally, with transverse rugulae anteriorly, with a fine illdefined longitudinal sulcus on posterior half; pronotal anterior margin wider and flat lateral to eyes; anterior portion with a simple anteriorly arcuate carina with lateral extremities connecting to anterior margin; anterior angles surface with more or less rough and irregular fine tubercles, similar to lateral margin along posterior edge of anterior margin; lateral fossae oval, bordered laterally by a sharp carina and anteriorly by a blunt tubercle; lateral portions strongly explanate; pronotal basal fossae absent; posterior margin well-defined, lacking crenulation and setae. Elytra. Elytra approximately as long as wide in dorsal view, elytral combined width/length ratio 1.1; elytral base distinctly marginate; elytral striae 1–4 moderately wide basally and fine apically, evenly impressed throughout, elytral striae 5 similar to 4 on disc, strial punctures minute, adjacent strial edge encroaching on interval, stria 1 weakly impressed apically, going straight to elytral apical margin; interstriae moderately convex, minutely punctate and with some additional ill-defined irregular punctures along striae, surface glossy. Thoracic sterna. Proepisternal carina absent; metasternal median lobe angularly produced anteromedially, ventral ridge well-defined, y-shaped. Legs. Profemur posterior surface flat and glabrous internally, posterointernal margin rather thin, uneven, internal edge rather wide, with a contiguous row of setae along anterointernal edge and few scattered long setae on anterior half, remaining surface smooth. Protibia with four teeth on lateral edge; internal basal angle lobate; anterior surface with long aligned row of setae internally, surface glossy or feebly microsculptured; posterior surface with some ill-defined rugose punctures externally to median carina, surface glossy between punctures, with a single interrupted setal row along lateral teeth. Mesofemur angularly produced on anterointernal edge apically. Mesotibia rather short, gradually widening toward apex in anterior view; anteroapical edge straight in anterior view, anteroapical row of setae complete; apicoanterior edge circularly indented internally; external edge more or less rounded, with several large elongate setiferous punctures. Mesotarsus similar in shape to metatarsus, 3-segmented, first segment moderately elongate, approximately two times as long as wide at apex. Metafemur elongate, internal and lateral edges mostly parallel in ventral view, more than twice as long as wide, lacking distinct depressed area anterointernally before apex, apicoposterior edge unmodified, anterior surface with a well-defined sulcus on more than half the length. Metatibia rather slender, gradually widening toward apex in anterior view, anterior surface with distinct row of setae, surface glossy, metatibial posterior surface flat between longitudinal row of setae and lateral edge, with ill-defined microsculpture. Metatarsus 3-segmented, first segment moderately elongate, approximately two times as long as wide at apex, with anterointernal carina well defined and reaching apical edge. Abdominal sternites. Sternites 3–6 longitudinally flat; sternites 4–6 with more than three unaligned row of setae laterally, glabrous medially; sternite 7 approximately longitudinally flat medially, shorter than segment 6 along midline; pygidium minutely punctate on disc.

Measurements (1 female). Length: 12.0 mm.

Primary type data ( Fig. 135 ). Holotype female (MACN): [Ene.-959/ BOLIVIA / Dº Sta-Cruz/ Pcia Cordillera/ PARAPETI/ coll. Martínez] handwritten; [ Dendropaemon / n.sp./ A. MARTINEZ-DET 1959] partly handwritten]; [HOLOTYPUS] red card; [ Dendropaemon / pauliani / sp.n./ A.MARTINEZ DET 1960] partly handwritten, red card; [WORLD/ SCARAB./ DATABASE/ WSD00016734]; Dendropaemon / pauliani ♀/ Martinez, 1960 / vid. F. Génier, 2014] partly handwritten.

Material examined. Primary type only.

Natural history. The only known specimen of this species was collected at night in “typical chaco boreal” forest as it was attracted to artificial light. Martinez (1960) describes the flight pattern as being similar to those of Bolboceratinae (Geotrupidae) of the genera Athyreus MacLeay , Bolborhinum Boucomont and Zefevazia Martínez. Remarks. Male and variation unknown.

At first we considered the only specimen known of the species as an odd small female of D. renatii . However, after closer examination, we prefer to maintain D. pauliani as valid. The peculiar configuration of the pronotal anterior carina (see description) was believed to be the minor configuration, but similar sized female of D. renatii are similar to well-developed specimens and have the carina set away from the anterior margin. In addition to this character, the flat anterior femur (slightly but distinctly convex in D. renatii ) and absence of pronotal posterior fossae seems to further exclude it from D. renatii . In addition, the body seems to be slightly more compressed dorsoventrally; the last tarsal segment appears simply spiniform and lack the internal spiniform projection beyond apical setae in the only known specimen, this however might be due to abrasion. Finally, the species is seemingly restricted to the Bolivian dry Chaco.

Figures

FIGURE 156. Known distribution of D. bluti, D. carinifer, D. compressipennis, D. cribrosus, D. furtadoi, D. hirticollis, D. inflatus, D. pauliani, D. pilosissimus, D. renatii.

FIGURES 7 – 12. Dorsal habitus. 7. D. inflatus, female holotype; 8. D. pauliani, female holotype; 9. D. pilosissimus, female holotype; 10. D. renatii, female holotype; 11. D. aenigmaticus, male holotype; 12. D. amazonicus, male holotype.

FIGURES 134 – 154. Primary type labels. 134. D. hirticollis; 135. D. pauliani; 136. D. renatii; 137. D. ater; 138. D. piceus; 139: D. telephus; 140. D. viridis; 141. D. viridipennis. 142. D. convexus; 143. D. fredericki; 144. D. angustipennis; 145. D. bahianus; 146. D. amyntas (= D. attalus); 147. D. ganglbaueri; 148. D. refulgens; 149. D. fractipes; 150. D. fasces; 151. D. haroldi; 152. D. nitidicollis; 153. D. quadratus; 154. D. similis; 155. D. denticollis.