Duocrassana Pinedo-Escatel, Zahniser & Dietrich

Pinedo-Escatel, J. A., Dietrich, C. H. & Moya-Raygoza, G., 2016, Duocrassana longula, new genus and species of leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from southern Mexico and its relationship to other genera in Athysanini, Zootaxa 4196 (4), pp. 579-588 : 580-586

Duocrassana Pinedo-Escatel, Zahniser & Dietrich , gen. nov.

( Figures 1–24 )

Type-species: Duocrassana longula Pinedo-Escatel, Zahniser & Dietrich , sp. nov.

Diagnosis. The genus can be recognized by the following combination of features: (I) segment X with a pair of long ventrolateral process extending into genital capsule; (II) each pygofer side with a ventral lanceolate process originating near midlength and extended outside the pygofer ( Fig. 7 ); (III) head broad and rounded ( Figs. 1 , 15– 17 ); (IV) wings well developed, simple venation, without marks or bands ( Figs. 4 , 15, 16, 18 ); (V) gonoduct of aedeagus sclerotized anterior to the aedeagal base ( Fig. 12 ); (VI) aedeagus bilobed at apex ( Fig. 13 ); (VII) without spots or bands at the pronotum and scutellum ( Figs. 1, 3 , 15–18 ).

Description. Body somewhat robust, overall dorsal coloration light brown with obscure paler and darker markings on head, pronotum, scutellum and wings ( Fig. 18 ). Venter of head, thorax and abdomen with dark brown markings. Male weakly marked in crown with a fuscous band, female marked same, but more intense than male ( Figs. 15–17 ).

Head, in dorsal view broader than pronotum. Crown short and not produced, anterior and posterior margins parallel ( Figs. 1 , 17 ). Transition of crown to face slightly rounded ( Figs. 3 , 18 ). Texture of anterior margin of head shagreen ( Figs. 15–17 ). Face not strongly tumid in lateral view ( Fig. 3 ). Antennal bases near lower corners of eyes.

Antennae length 1.3x width of head. Antennal ledges weakly carinate, black. Ocelli on anterior margin of head, distance to adjacent eye approximately 1.5x ocellar diameter. Face short, broad. Frontoclypeus moderately broad. Lateral frontal sutures extended to ocelli and continue laterally along each ocellus. Clypellus flat, slightly widened apically. Lorum broad, semicircular, width equal to that of clypellus, lower margin extended close to lower genal margin. Gena incised laterally, covering completely the proepisternum. Frontoclypeus and gena with texture shagreen ( Figs. 2–3 ).

Pronotum lateral margin carinate and less than ½ basal width of eye, with weak transverse striations, feebly convex; scutellum not protuberant in lateral and dorsal view ( Figs. 1, 3 ).

Forewing macropterous, transparent, appendix restricted to anal margin, apex rounded, apical cells subequal in width and evenly widened distally; with three subapical cells subequal in width, inner anteapical cell open basally (crossvein m-cu2 absent); vein R with three branches, branches not strongly recurved; clavus with crossvein between A1 and claval suture, anal veins not strongly curved, A1–A2 crossvein absent ( Figs. 4 , 18 ). Hindwing, with venation complete, developed and translucent.

Front femur with AM1 near mid-height of apex, long; IC thin, relatively long; row AV with short inconspicuous setae; with two spines at dorsal apex ( Fig. 5 a). Front tibia with dorsal macrosetal formula (AD+PD) 1+4 ( Fig. 5 b). Hind femur macrosetal formula 2+2+1; tibia rows with setae as follows: AD–19, PD–10 with intercalary setae (21) and AV–15, PV with numerous short, fine setae ( Fig. 6 a); first tarsus long with two rows of 10 setae on ventral surface; each tarsus with two dorsal setae at base; tarsomere I with 4 platellae on pecten ( Fig. 6 b).

Male abdominal segment X, long, broad, sclerotized laterally and mostly sclerotized dorsally ( Fig. 8 ), with pair of long ventrolateral processes extended into genital capsule ( Fig. 7 ). Pygofer long and broad, tapering to rounded posterior margin, with numerous dorsoapical macrosetae and band of short, stout setae along distal margin, posterior margin without serrations, ventral margin with large process arising near base and curved posterodorsad ( Fig. 7 ). Valve rounded at posterior margin, articulated with pygofer and subgenital plates. Subgenital plate triangular, as long as pygofer, lateral margin evenly tapered, with row of macrosetae with interspersed small setae ( Fig. 14 ). Style broadly bilobed basally, preapical lobe broadly rounded and not strongly produced, apophysis denticular, gently curved, apex pointed ( Fig. 9 ). Connective shorter than style (half its length), U–shaped, arms bowed laterad and convergent distally ( Fig. 10 ). Aedeagus articulated to connective, shaft robust, curved dorsad, symmetrical, apex bifid, without processes, gonopore subapical on posterior surface, gonoduct sclerotized basad of atrium ( Figs. 12–13 ).

Female pygofer with numerous macrosetae, ~22 on each side ( Fig. 24 ). Ovipositor protruding well beyond pygofer apex. First valvula ( Fig. 19 ) dorsal sculpture strigate ( Fig. 20 ), valvula and ramus slightly convex. Second valvula, abruptly broadened medially and tapered apically ( Fig. 21 ), dorsal teeth small and obtusely serrate ( Figs. 22–23 ), without dorsal medial tooth.

Distribution. Mexico: Oaxaca.

Etymology. The genus name is feminine and is based on a combination of the Latin prefix “duo” meaning double with the name “ Crassana ” a related genus.

Remarks. This genus is similar to Crassana DeLong & Hershberger 1947 , and Neocrassana Linnavuori 1959 in having the male gonoduct well sclerotized and visible anterad of the atrium of the aedeagus in cleared specimens. It may be easy separated by the structure of the male genital capsule as described in the above diagnosis. Duocrassana has the pygofer with the posterior margin rounded with a long ventral appendage extended beyond the apex and a pair of ventral processes at the base of the anal tube. In contrast, Neocrassana has the pygofer broadly incised dorsally with curved or straight hooks slightly or not extended beyond margin of pygofer, Crassana lacks pygofer processes, and both of the latter lack anal tube processes. Further comparative notes are provided below.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 3. Head of male holotype of Duocrassana longula gen. and sp. nov. 1. Dorsal view; 2. Frontal view; 3. Lateral view.

FIGURES 4 – 6. D. longula gen. and sp. nov. 4. Forewing, dorsal view; 5 a. Front femur, frontal view; 5 b. Front tibia, frontal view; 6 a. Hind tibia, dorsal view; 6 b. Hind tarsomeres, lateral view.

FIGURES 7 – 14. Male holotype and female paratype genitalia of D. longula gen. and sp. nov. 7. Pygofer and segment X, lateral view; 8. Pygofer and segment X, dorsal view; 9. Style, dorsal view; 10. Connective, dorsal view; 11. Female sternite VII, ventral view; 12. Aedeagus, lateral view; 13. Apex of aedeagus, dorsal view; 14. Subgenital plates and valve, ventral view.

FIGURES 15 – 18. D. longula gen. and sp. nov. 15. Male, dorsal view; 16. Female, dorsal habitus; 17 a. Female, face details (in INHS); 17 b. Female, face details (in CZUG); 18. Female, lateral habitus. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURES 19 – 24. D. longula gen. and sp. nov., female genitalia. 19. First valve, lateral view; 20. Detail of sculpture of first valvula; 21. Second valve, lateral view; 22. Teeth from dorsal margin of second valve; 23. Morphology of tooth; 24. Pygofer, lateral view.