Tricondyla (Tricondyla) aptera aptera (Olivier, 1790)

Anichtchenko, Alexander & Wiesner, Jürgen, 2024, Tiger beetles of the genus Tricondyla Latreille, 1822 (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) of the Philippines, with some considerations of the taxonomy of the genus, Zootaxa 5397 (3), pp. 351-376 : 353-356

Tricondyla (Tricondyla) aptera aptera (Olivier, 1790)

Loc. typ.: New Guinea. Type depository: MNHN (Neotype by Naviaux 2002) .

Cicindela aptera Olivier, 1790: 7 . from New Guinea (MNHN).

Colliuris connata Lamarck, 1817: 498 .

Tricondyla punctipennis Chevrolat, 1841: 221 syn. nov. Loc. typ.: Manille. Type depository: unknown.

Tricondyla parumpunctata Chevrolat : in Chaudoir, 1844: 456

Tricondyla globicollis Chaudoir, 1844: 456 . Loc. typ.: Manille; synonymy proposed by Chaudoir, 1860: 300 and confirmed by Naviaux, 2002: 64. Holotype male in MNHN.

Tricondyla violacea Chaudoir, 1861: 302 .

Tricondyla frontalis W. Horn, 1892: 66 . Loc. typ.: “Insulae Philippinae verisimiliter”, Holotype female in SDEI. Synonymy with T. globicollis by Horn (1908: 97).

Tricondyla vicina Chaudoir, 1844: 457 . Loc. typ.: Manille.

Tricondyla simillima : Nomen Nudum. Synonymy proposed by Chaudoir (1860: 300).

Material. CALAYAN: 1m, 1f: “ Philippines, Calayan Island, North Luzon , vi. 2006, leg. Lumawig ” ( JWc). CATANDUANES: 1m: “ June 2020, Pandan , Catanduanes is., Philippines [14.033744, 124.200407]” ( WJc) ; 1m: idem but September 2018 ( WJc) ; 2f: idem but December 2028 ( WJc) ; 1m, 1f: idem but August 2019 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but October 2019 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but May 2020 ( WJc) ; 1m: “ November 2018, San Andres, Catanduanes Is., Philippines [13.640844, 124.089843]” ( WJc) ; 1m: “9.1988, Philippines, S.Luzon, Catanduanes ” (JWc). DINAGAT: 1m, 1f: “ March 2019, Dinagat, Dinagat Is. Philippines [10.012552, 125.604113]” ( WJc) . LEYTE: 2f: “ September 2018, Mahaplag, Leyte Is. Philippines [10.575827, 124.962675]” ( WJc) . LUZON: 1m: “ October 2018, Cabagan, Isabela, E. Luzon, Philippines [17.382259, 121.887359]” ( WJc) ; 2m: “ May 2020, Mt. Bulusan, Bicol, S. Luzon , Philippines [12.772064, 124.072883]” ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but July 2018 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but November 2023 ( WJc) ; 2m: “ August 2020, Kasibu, N Vizcaya, N Luzon , Philippines [16.362027, 121.323127]” ( WJc) ; 2f: idem but October 2017 ( WJc) ; 1m: “ January 2019, Lagonoy , Bicol, S. Luzon , Philippines [13.764184, 123.523318]” ( WJc) ; 1m, 1f: idem but December 2018 ( WJc) ; 1m, 1f: idem but March 2019 ( WJc) ; 1m: idem but May 2019 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but June 2019 ( WJc) ; 1m: idem but June 2023 ( WJc) ; 1m, 1f: “ September 2022, Gen. Nakar, Quezon, E. Luzon , Philippines [14.781407, 121.558210]” ( WJc) ; 1m: “ February 2020, Ditumabo, Aurora, E. Luzon, Philippines [15.648658, 121.451738]” ( WJc) ; 1m: idem but January 2020 ( WJc) ; 2m: “ January 2021, Mayon Mt., Albay, Bicol, S. Luzon , Philippines [13.254593, 123.700483]” ( WJc) ; 2f: idem but March 2021 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but February 2021 ( WJc) ; 1f: “ April 2021, Mt. Mayon Volcano , Tabaco, Albay, Bicol, S. Luzon, Philippines ” ( WJc) ; 1f: “ December 2023, Dingalan, Aurora, E Luzon , Philippines [15.442211, 121.393355]” ( WJc) ; 1m, 1f: idem but February 2019 ( WJc) ; 1m, 1f: idem but March 2019 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but August 2020 ( WJc) ; 2f: idem but September 2018 ( WJc) ; 1f: “ January 2018, Paltic , Aurora, E. Luzon, Philippines [15.391574, 121.428755]” ( WJc) ; 1f: “ July 2023, Cabalan , Zambales, W. Luzon, Philippines [14.896610, 120.373990]” ( WJc) ; 1m: “ April 2019, Mauban , Quezon, S. Luzon, Philippines [14.168731, 121.722095]” ( WJc) ; 1f: “1981, Philippinenc Camarines Northe , leg. Lehmann ” ( JWc). MARINDUQUE: 1m: “Marinduque, March 2014 ” ( DUBC) ; 1m, 1f: “ October 2018, Boi Boac , Marinduque Is., Philippines [13.357060, 121.954615]” ( WJc) . MINDANAO: 1m: “San Fernando, Bukidnon, Mindanao, 03.2014 [7.824709, 125.369307]” ( DUBC) ; 1f: “ Mt. Kalatungan , July 8, 2014 [7.948937, 124.807512]” ( DUBC) ; 1f: “ Bukidnon, Mindanao , iX.2013 ” ( DUBC) ; 1m: “ Agusan del Sur, Mindanao , Feb. 2014 [8.127404, 125.746902]” ( DUBC) ; 2m, 2f: “ Mt. Gampoy, Zamboanga del Norte, Mindanao , May 2015 [7.926528, 122.621557]” ( DUBC) ; 1m, 1f: “ Mindanao , Misamis Oriental, 2013” ( DUBC) ; 1f: “Mindanao, Mt. Hamiguitan , 410-500m, 6.73493N, 126.14129E, 19-24.V.2023, Anichtchenko A. leg.” ( AAc) ; 1f: “ Philippines, Mindanao, Ugwad Falls ( Kapuka ), Caraga , Davao Or. , 260m, 7.440359, 126.434027, 29-30.IV.2023, Anichtchenko A. leg.” ( AAc) ; 2m, 1f: “ Philippines, Mindanao, Gingoog, Eureka Mt. , 730m, 8°41.4970N, 125°14.2710E, 31.3- 3.4.2022 Anichtchenko A. leg.” ( AAc) ; 1m: “ Philippines, Mindanao, Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary , 500m, 6.738897, 126.145570, 22-24.iii.2018, A. Anichtchenko leg.” ( AAc) ; 1f: “ February 2018, San Luis , Mindanao , Philippines ” ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but April 2018 ( WJc) ; 2m, 2f: idem but June 2021 ( WJc) ; 1m: “ March 2019, Esperanza , Agusan , Mindanao , Philippines ” ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but October 2021 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but August 2021 ( WJc) ; 2m, 1f: idem but January 2018 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but September 2021 ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but July 2021 ( WJc) ; 1f: “ April 2018, Rosario , Agusan , Mindanao , Philippines ” ( WJc) ; 1f: “ February 2019, Barobo, Surigao, Mindanao , Philippines [8.500349, 126.120870]” ( WJc) ; 1m: “ January 2022, Tandag, Surigao S., Mindanao , Philippines [9.096292, 126.156427]” ( WJc) ; 2f: “4.1974, Philippines, Mindanao, Mt. Apo ”; 1m: “1977, Philippines, Mindanao Island, Bukidnon Prov., leg. R.Lumawig ”; 2f: “9.2010, Philippines, Mindanao, Surigao del sur, Noel Mohagan leg.”; 1f: “10.2010, Philippines, Mindanao , Mt. Apo , Noel Mohagan leg.”; 1f: “ iii. 2019, Philippines, Mindanao, Toril, Catigan, M. Medina leg.” ; 1m, 1f: “ 28.vii.1990, Philippines, Mindanao, Mt. Kitanglad , ex coll. Y. Nishiyama ”; 1f: “1978, Philippines, Augusan Prov., Mindanao Island, leg. R.Lumawig ” (JWc). MINDORO: 1m: “ Mt. Halcon, Mindoro , Jan. 2014 ” ( DUBC) ; 1m: “ May 2022, Socorro, Mindoro Is. , Philippines [13.050312, 121.324207]” ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but February 2021 ( WJc) ; 1f: “ August 2020, Baco, Mindoro , Philippines [13.263634, 121.035374]” ( WJc) ; 1f: idem but July 2017 ( WJc) ; 1m: idem but May 2019 ( WJc) ; 3m, 7f: “9.2010, Philippines, Mindoro, Mt. Halcon , Noel Mohagan leg.” ( JWc). NEGROS : 6m, 5f: “ Mt. Canlaon, Negros, Is. Philippines, 600-900m, April- July, 2014 [10.407186, 123.134181]” ( DUBC) ; 1m, 1f: “ 8.6.1985, Philippines, Negros oriental, leg. R.Lumawig ”; 3m, 1f: idem but 7.1985 ( JWc). PANAY : 1m, 1f: “ Mataas, Antique, Panay , Nov. 2017 [11.407666, 122.162124]” ( DUBC) ; 1m, 1f: “ Philippines, Visayas, Panay, Ilollo , xii, 2017 [10.730720, 122.503434]” ( DUBC) ; 1f: “ 11.ii.1993, Philippines, Panay, Mt. Malindog Aklan, B. Villan leg.” (JWc); 8 ex: “5.1978, Philippinen, Iloilo, Canuawua, leg. R.Lumawig ” ( JWc). ROMBLON: 1m: “ Sibuyan isl. Romblon, Philippines [12.509679, 122.291887]” ( JWc) ; 18m, 16f: “1980, Philippines, Romblon, coll. Witzgall ” ( JWc). TABLAS : 2m: “ San Augustin, Tablas , Oct. 2018 [12.558706, 122.123122]” ( DUBC) . SAMAR : 1m: “ Marabut, Samar, 01.2015 [11.226864, 125.188818]” ( DUBC) ; 3m, 1f: “ Lope de Vega, Samar , xii.2018 [12.306515, 124.664662]” ( DUBC) ; 1f: idem but vii.2016 ( DUBC) ; 1m: “ Eastern Samar, 10.2003” ( DUBC) ; 1m, 1f: “ 7.7.1985, Philippines, Samar, leg. R.Lumawig ” ( JWc). SIBUYAN : 1f: “ Philippines, Sibuyan, Magdiwang , Oct. 2018 [12.484185, 122.514443]” ( DUBC) ; 2m, 1f: “ Philippines, Sibuyan, Mt. Guiting-Guiting , iv.2015, leg. Noel Mohagan [12.412042, 122.566488]” ( JWc) ; 2m, 3f: idem but xii.2014 ( JWc) ; 2m, 2f: idem but xii.2014 ( JWc) .

Differential diagnosis. Large species (17–25 mm), variable both in size and shape, mainly differs from congeners by the gibbosity that may be somewhat high; variable in the elytral sculpture which may be slightly rugate basally and almost smooth or punctate apically ( Figs 1–7 ). Aedeagus ( Fig. 112 ), elongated, apical third strongly downcurved. Endophallus ( Figs 8–12 ), protuberances VB large; DB large and not bifurcated; DA relatively small; VA large and with apical part curved down; lateral protuberances not developed; flagellum relatively short and robust.

Comments. Specimens from Negros, Panay and Marinduque have the apical part of elytra more punctate. The specimens of T. aptera punctipennis differ from T. aptera aptera only in the structure of the basal third of the elytra, with long, transverse wrinkles in T. aptera aptera and wrinkles absent in T. aptera punctipennis . However, this characteristic can be variable. The specimens from Panay for instance have both wrinkled or wrinkles absent on elytral basal third. T. aptera punctipennis is put in synonymy with T. aptera aptera .

Distribution. Widely distributed in the Philippines ( Map 1 ). Known from Cebu, Leyte, Mindanao, Mindoro, Marinduque, Negros, Panay, Ramblon, Samar, Sibuyan, and Tablas.

Figures

FIGURES 1–12. Variability of Tricondyla (s.str.) aptera. (1–7) Habitus: 1—Waigeo, Indinesia; 2—Choiseul, Solomon Isls.; 3—Tablas Isl., Philippines; 4—Mindanao, Philippines; 5–6—Mt. Bulusan, Luzon, Philippines; 7—Catanduanes, Philippines. (8–12)Aedeagus and endophallus: 8–9—Mindanao, Philippines (left and right side); 10—Zamboanga, Mindanao; 11—Solomon Isls; 12—Catanduanes, Philippines.

FIGURES 112–129. Aedeagus of Tricondyla species. 112—T. aptera (Samar); 113—Holotype of T. johnsoni sp. nov.; 114—T. ovicollis (Ditumabo); 115—Holotype of T. aptera lumawigi syn. nov. = T. ovicollis; 116—T. ventricosa (Sta Ana); 117—T. elongata (Kalatungan); 118—T. elongata (Misamis Or.); 119—T. gracilis syn. nov. = T. elongata (Lake Holon, Mindanao); 120 - T. gracilis syn. nov. = T. elongata (Bataugan, Mindanao); 121—T. conicicollis (Mindanao); 122—Paratype of T. cyanipes fuscilabris Mandl, 1964 syn.; 123—Holotype of T. huloti syn. nov.; 124—Holotype of T. cavifrons syn. nov. = T. cyanipes; 125—T. cavifrons (Negros); 126—Holotype of T. genieri; 127—T. planiceps; 128—Holotype of T. oblita; 129—Paratype of T. beccarii cassolai.

MAP. 1. Distribution of Tricondyla (s.str) species in Luzon and vicinities.