Chloeia pinnata Moore, 1911

Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., 2023, Revision of Chloeia Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 (Annelida, Amphinomidae), Zootaxa 5238 (1), pp. 1-134 : 92

Chloeia pinnata Moore, 1911

Chloeia pinnata Moore, 1911: 239–243 , Pl. 15, Figs 1–6 ; Berkeley & Berkeley 1939: 323; Hartman 1940: 206–207, Pl. 31, Figs 10–13 ; Hartman 1959: 132; Hartman 1963: 8; Loi 1980: 127; Kudenov 1995: 209–213, Figs 7.1, 7.2 ; Barroso & Paiva 2011: 422, Tab. 1; Yánez-Rivera & Salazar-Vallejo 2022: 521–523 , Figs 1B , 2 , 10 (redescr.).

Chloeia rosea?: Fauvel 1943: 7 (non Potts, 1909).

Diagnosis. Chloeia with bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4, colorless, progressively smaller posteriorly; anterior eyes 2× larger than posterior ones; caruncle with about 10 folds; notochaetae furcates, without harpoon chaetae; neurochaetae spurred.

Remarks. Chloeia pinnata Moore, 1911 was described from Southern California, and it has been redescribed elsewhere ( Yáñez-Rivera & Salazar-Vallejo 2022). It belongs in the group tumida by having bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4, progressively smaller posteriorly, and no pigmentation pattern. It resembles C. keablei sp. n., described above with specimens from The Philippines to Australia, because both species have a tapered caruncle, and colorless bipinnate branchiae. However, these two species can be separated by the relative size of eyes, type of harpoon notochaetae, and neurochaetae. In C. pinnata , the anterior eyes are 2× larger than posterior ones, its harpoon notochaetae have spurs, and neurochaetae are spurred, whereas in C. keablei , anterior eyes are 4× larger than posterior ones, harpoon notochaetae have no spurs or smooth tines, and its neurochaetae are all furcates with small minor tines.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Living specimens of four Philippine species of Chloeia Savigny in Lamarck, 1818. A. C. amphora Horst, 1910, dorsal view. B. C. bemisae sp. n., pink variant, dorsal view. C. Same, reddish and brownish variants, dorsal view. D. C. flava (Pallas, 1766), oblique right dorsal view. E. C. violacea Horst, 1910, oblique left dorsal view (scales not available; photos: Philippe Poppe; © Philippe & Guido Poppe – www.poppe-images.com).

FIGURE 2. Chloeia viridis Schmarda, 1861, non-type specimens (BMNH 1931.6.22.16-18). A. Black form, anterior region, dorsal view. B. Same, chaetigers 10-12, dorsal view (branchiae removed from chaetiger 11). C. Same, posterior region, dorsal view. D. Red form, anterior region, dorsal view. E. Same, chaetigers 12-14, dorsal view (branchiae removed from chaetiger 13). F. Same, posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, F, 0.9 mm; B, E, 0.7 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 1.2 mm.

FIGURE 3. Chloeia mezianei sp. n., non-type specimen (NHMD 915074). A. Left lateral view. B. Anterior end and pharynx, seen from above. C. Same, right lateral view. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.6 mm, C, 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 4. Chloeia fusca M’Intosh, 1885, non-type specimen (UF 4368). A. Ventral view. B. Ventral view after body wall removed. C. Same, after Methyl Green staining. D. Same, lower half of digestive tube removed. (AI, anterior intestine; MB, midventral band (nerve chord); MR, muscular ridge; Oe, oesophagus; PI, posterior intestine; R, rectum; St, stomach). All scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 5. Chloeia bemisae sp. n., paratype, anterior fragment (UF 4388b). A) Chaetiger 3, right parapodium, posterior view, cirriform branchia cut (insets matched: 1, branchial cut tip; 2, branchial basal region; 3, dorsal cirrophore; 4, dorsal cirrostyle tip). B) Chaetiger 5, right parapodium, posterior view (insets matched: 1 and 2, branchial filament tip; 3, dorsal cirrostyle tip) (Br: branchia, DCs: dorsal cirrostyle). Scale bars: A, 0.20 mm; B: 0.38 mm.

FIGURE 6. Chloeia bistriata Grube, 1868, non-type specimens (from UF 4449, 4517). A) Small juvenile (1.4 mm long, 11- 12 chaetigers), dorsal view, depressed by a cover slip. B) Same, dorsal view (* indicates enlarged area of chaetigers 7-8). C) Chaetigers 7-8, right parapodia, seen from above (* convoluted dorsal cirri). D) Larger juvenile, chaetae combed backwards, depressed by cover slip, without posterior region (3.5 mm long, 14-15 chaetigers), after Shirlastain-A staining (5: left notopodium, chaetiger 5; MA: median antenna). E) Same (5: chaetiger 5). F) Same, close-up of anterior region, dorsal view (BB: bipinnate branchia, CB: cirriform branchia, DC: dorsal cirrus). Scale bars: A, 0.23 mm, B: 0.20 mm, C, F: 0.1o mm, D: 0.55 mm, E: 0.50 mm.

FIGURE 7. Chloeia amoureuxi sp. n., holotype (MMSUCO Amp 2). A. Oblique dorsal view. B. Anterior end, left lateral view. C. Median segments, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetal tips. E. Same, neurochaetal tips. F. Chaetiger 16, harpoon notochaetae. G. Same, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 0.7 mm; B, 0.05 mm; C, 1.5 mm; D, 160 μm; E, 110 μm; F, 180 μm; G, 30 μm; H, 2 mm.

FIGURE 10. Chloeia amphora Horst, 1910.A. Paralectotype (ZMA V.Pol 149.2), dorsal view. B. Same, chaetigers 7-11, dorsal view. C. Paralectotype (ZMA V.Po. 149.3), dorsal view. D. Same, chaetigers 11-15, dorsal view. E. Another paralectotype, same lot, dorsal view. F. Same, chaetigers 12-16, dorsal view. G. Non-type specimen (CAS 218219), anterior region, dorsal view. H. Same, posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 1.6 mm; B, 0.6 mm; C, 2.4 mm; D, 0.8 mm; E, 2.5 mm; F, 0.4 mm; G, H, 1.8 mm.

FIGURE 11. Chloeia amphora Horst, 1910, non-type specimens (UF 4369). A. Dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view, after Shirlastain-A pigmentation. C. Chaetigers 10-12, dorsal view (left branchia of chaetiger 10 removed). D. Posterior end, ventral view. E. Another specimen, chaetiger 3, notochaeta (insets: notochaetal tips). F. Same, neurochaetal tips. G. Chaetiger 12, harpoon notochaetae. H. Same, neurochaetal tips. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 0.4 mm; D, 0.7 mm; E, 110 μm; F, 70 μm; G, 160 μm; H, 40 μm.

FIGURE 12. Chloeia bemisae sp. n., holotype (UF 4388).A. Dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Left lateral view. D. Paratype (UF 4388b), ventral view. E. Same, chaetiger 4, notochaetal tips. F. Same, neurochaetal tips. G. Chaetiger 11, harpoon notochaetae. H. Same, neurochaetae. Scale bars: A, 1.8 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 2.3 mm; D, 1.6 mm; E, 110 μm; F, 25 μm; G, 90 μm; H, 100 μm.

FIGURE 13. Chloeia bemisae sp. n. A. Paratype (UF 4356), anterior region, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Anterior end, right lateral view. D. Non-type specimen (NTM W17191), living, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 1.8 mm; B, 0.8 mm; C, 0.7 mm; D, 2.4 mm (Photo D: Karen L. Gowlett-Holmes).