Megaphyllum carniolense (Verhoeff, 1897)

Lazányi, Eszter & Vagalinski, Boyan, 2013, Redefinition of the millipede subgenus Megaphyllum sensu stricto Verhoeff, 1894 and neotype designation for Megaphyllum austriacum (Latzel, 1884) (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), Zootaxa 3741 (1), pp. 55-100 : 70-71

Megaphyllum carniolense (Verhoeff, 1897)

Figs 7a–g

Brachyiulus carniolensis Verhoeff, 1897 : Verhoeff 1897b: 113–114, no figures. Brachyiulus austriacus carniolensis: Verhoeff 1896 a: Fig. 30.

Brachyiulus carniolensis: Verhoeff 1929: 618 , Fig. 20 .

Brachyiulus carniolensis monticola: Verhoeff 1929: 618 –619, Fig. 21 . Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) monticola Verhoeff, 1898: 155 –156, Fig. 24. Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) monticola: Verhoeff 1899b: 748 , 763. Chromatoiulus monticola: Attems 1927: 234 –235, Figs 313–314. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) monticola: Attems 1940: 306 .

Chromatoiulus carniolensis: Strasser 1966a: 210 .

Megaphyllum monticola: Enghoff & Kime 2009 .

Megaphyllum carniolense: Enghoff & Kime 2009 ; Lazányi et al. 2012: 10–12, 41.

Material examined. Croatia: 1♀, Kroatien, Br. carniolensis monticolus det. Verhoeff (HNHM). Montenegro: 1♂, Sljeme (Durmitor), ex. coll. Strasser (966/4) (NHMG).

Distribution. Albania (Attems 1929); Bosnia and Hercegovina (Attems 1929); Croatia (Strasser 1965); Montenegro (Makarov et al. 2004); Slovenia: (Strasser 1966a).

Diagnosis. Differs from the other members of the species group by the long, slender posterior process (pp) reaching above the solenomere ( Figs 7a–b, 7d ), together with the strongly tapering promere ( Fig. 7c ).

Opisthomere ( Figs 7a–b, 7d ): posterior solenomere process (psp) thin, bent and wavy, mostly longer but on the whole not exceeding in height the anterior process (asp). Most individuals with a very small posterior apical hump (ph).

Both sexes are dark brown or grey, with a very thin median black line; metazona are usually brighter. Body length and height: males: 28.7–41mm (43–44mm according to Verhoeff 1897), 2.1–2.6mm; females: 36.2– 36.9mm, 3.1mm.

Remarks. Except for the Julian Alps, this species lives only in the Balkan Peninsula. The apex of promere has two forms, the two variants were treated under different species names: M. monticola and M. carniolense . Their synonymy has been discussed for a long time, and was recently confirmed by Lazányi et al. (2012).

Figures

FIGURE 21. Distribution map of subgenus Megaphyllum sensu stricto. Triangles: Megaphyllum projectum species-group: black— M. metsovoni; black with white dot— M. projectum deubeli; white— M. projectum kochi; white with black dot— M. projectum projectum; white with black line— M. silvaticum, grey— M. erythronotum. Quadrangles: Megaphyllum austriacum species-group: black— M. cygniforme; black with white dot— M. glossulifer; grey— M. dentatum; white— M. austriacum; white with black dot— M. montivagum; white with black line— M. carniolense. Circles: Megaphyllum unilineatum species-group: black— M. spathulatum; black with white dot— M. tauricum; grey— M. rhodopinum; white— M. unilineatum; white with black dot— M. hercules; white with black line— M. sjaelandicum. Stars: Megaphyllum transsylvanicum species-group: black— M. kievense; grey— M. rosenauense; white— M. transsylvanicum; white with black dot— M. bosniense.

FIGURES 7 a – g. Megaphyllum carniolense males and a female from Biogradsko Jezero, Montenegro: (7 a) gonopods, posterior view; (7 b) right gonopods, mesal view; (7 c) left promere, meso-posterior view; (7 d) left opisthomere, lateral view; penis, (7 e) posterior and (7 f) right lateral views; (7 g) left vulva, posterior view (setae omitted). Abbreviations: asp: anterior process of the solenomere, ca: central ampulla, ct: connecting tube; pa: posterior ampulla, ph: posterior hump, pp: posterior process, psp: posterior process of the solenomere, P: promere. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 20 a – g. Megaphyllum unilineatum. Male from Sminthi, Xanthi county, Greece: (20 a) gonopods, posterior view; (20 b) right gonopods, mesal view; (20 c) left promere, meso-posterior view. Male from the shore of Lake Vistonida, Lagos, Greece: (20 d) left opisthomere, lateral view. Male from near Sminthi, Kamertsi Mts, Greece: penis, (20 e) posterior and (20 f) right lateral views. Female from Nestos Delta, Kavala county, Greece: (20 g) left vulva, latero-posterior view (setae omitted). Abbreviations: ah: anterior hump; ap: anterior process, asp: anterior process of the solenomere, ca: central ampulla, ct: connecting tube; h: hump, op: operculum, pa: posterior ampulla, ph: posterior hump, pp: posterior process, psp: posterior process of the solenomere, P: promere. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.