Anyphaena, L. Koch, 1866

Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés & Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando, 2023, Integration or minimalism: twenty-one new species of ghost spiders (Anyphaenidae: Anyphaena) from Mexico, European Journal of Taxonomy 865, pp. 1-94 : 28-29

Pectorosa group

Diagnosis

The pectorosa group can be separated from other Anyphaena species groups by the following characters.

Males

Coxae II, III and IV ventral surface armed with spurs and/or tubercles. Coxae II tubercle sometimes reduced. Coxae III and IV commonly with spurs, the spurs on coxa III may be bifurcated ( Fig. 35E–F ). The general shape of the male palp is similar to that in the porta and pacifica groups. It can be separated from the former by the relative length of the palpal tibia and the general shape of the RTA. It differs from the latter by the relative length and direction of the RTA posterior branch.

Female

Epigynum with an atrium anterior to the spermathecae. Copulatory openings anterior to the atrium usually under the hood. Copulatory ducts very sclerotized and usually longer than 1.5 times the spermathecae diameter and always projecting posteriorly, ‘encircling’ the atrium in dorsal view ( A. epicardia sp. nov., A. dulceae sp. nov., A. sofiae sp. nov., A. rebecae sp. nov. and A. franciscoi sp. nov.). Exceptions to the standard length and shape of the copulatoy ducts, and sometimes the overall shape of the atrium, can be found in A. noctua sp. nov., A. jimenezi sp. nov, and A. bifurcata sp. nov. Spermatheca well sclerotized, oval to spherical except in A. sofiae sp. nov. ( Figs 18C , 21C , 38C ).

Figures

Fig. 35. Anyphaena quadrata sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CNAN-T01566). A. Pedipalp, ventral view. B. Pedipalp, prolateral view. C. Pedipalp, dorsal view. D. Pedipalp, retrolateral view. E. Coxae, ventral view. F. Coxae, lateral view. Scale bars: A–D =0.2 mm; E–F= 1.0 mm.

Fig. 18. Anyphaena spp. A–B. A. fernandae sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (CNAN-T01526). A. Epigynum, ventral view. B. Epigynum, dorsal view. – C–D. A. jimenezi sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (CNAN-T01529). C. Epigynum, ventral view. D. Epigynum, dorsal view. – E–F. A. franciscoi sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (CNAN-T01527). E. Epigynum, ventral view. F. Epigynum, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Fig. 21. Anyphaena bifurcata sp. nov. A–F. Paratype, ♂ (CNAN-T01549). G–H. Paratype, ♀ (CNAN-T01550). A. Pedipalp, ventral view. B. Pedipalp, prolateral view. C. Pedipalp, dorsal view. D. Pedipalp, retrolateral view. E. Coxae, ventral view. F. Coxae, lateral view. G. Epigynum, ventral view. H. Epigynum, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–D, G–H =0.2 mm; E–F =1.0 mm.

Fig. 38. Anyphaena spp. A–B. A. sofiae sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (CNAN-T01572). A. Epigynum, ventral view. B. Epigynum, dorsal view. –C–D. A. noctua sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (CNAN-T01533). C. Epigynum, ventral view. D. Epigynum, dorsal view. Scale bars: A– B=0.2 mm: C–D =0.1 mm.