Pelagomanes, Trubovitz, Sarah, Renaudie, Johan, Lazarus, David & Noble, Paula, 2022

Trubovitz, Sarah, Renaudie, Johan, Lazarus, David & Noble, Paula, 2022, Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific, Zootaxa 5160 (1), pp. 1-158 : 78-80

Genus Pelagomanes n. gen.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:43256F4F-DF95-4C62-B43F-F12AC0F62E2A

Type species: Lithomelissa? kozoi Renaudie and Lazarus, 2013a

Description. Pelagomanes has a small cephalis in proportion to the thorax, compared to most other lophophaenid genera. The apical spine runs along the wall of the cephalis and extends upward as a horn with a slight curve at its base, before the spine reaches the apex of the cephalis. Although not present in every species of Pelagomanes , a very prominent—and sometimes forked—apical horn is typical. The ventral spine is thornlike in appearance; it tends to be broader at its base, giving it a triangular shape. The thorax is always wider and longer than the cephalis. Shoulders and ridges between them develop on the upper part of the thorax, and typically extend downwards as ribs that terminate as three feet or many teeth at the base of the thorax. Species in this genus do not have an axobate.

Remarks. Here we have identified a complex of related species, which have been assigned (often questionably by their authors) to various genera within Lophophaenidae . The new genus Pelagomanes is similar to Ceratocyrtis in the proportions of cephalis and thorax, short median bar, and downward-angled dorsal spine. However, the lack of a dendritic axobate differentiates Pelagomanes from Ceratocyrtis . This genus differs from Lophophaena in the structure of ribs along the length of the thorax (usually terminating as feet) and relatively small cephalis compared to the size of the thorax. It differs from Lithomelissa in that the apical spine runs along the side of the cephalic wall rather than passing freely through it. The shape and proportions of the cephalis and thorax differentiate this genus from Amphiplecta , Arachnocorallium , Arachnocorys , Botryopera , and Peromelissa . The boundary between Pelagomanes and Pseudodictyophimus is problematic, as the latter genus is in need of a revision. At present, we consider Pseudodictyophimus to be different due to its shorter thorax and relatively longer feet. Pseudodictyophimus is limited to three feet in total, whereas Pelagomanes can have more, or have feet in addition to teeth at the base of the thorax. The strong apical spine with a hook-like curved base is also typical of Pelagomanes but not Pseudodictyophimus . The genus Cephaluspinus Alvira-Martìn, 1971 was regarded as a junior synonym of Lophophaena by Petrushevskaya (1981); Pelagomanes differs from both of these generic concepts in that the cephalis is relatively smaller, compared to the breadth of the thorax.

We consider the following species to be included in Pelagomanes:

Pelagomanes cantharoides (Sugiyama and Furutani, 1992) n. comb., Pelagomanes ibburi n. sp., Pelagomanes kozoi ( Renaudie and Lazarus, 2013a) n. comb., Pelagomanes morawanensis ( Funakawa, 1995b) n. comb., Pelagomanes ? piperata ( Renaudie and Lazarus, 2015) n. comb., Pelagomanes stigi ( Bjørklund, 1976) partim. (pl. 15, fig. 15a–b, 13, non figs. 12, 14, 16–17) n. comb., Pelagomanes tekopua ( O’Connor, 1997) n. comb., Pelagomanes thaumasia ( Caulet, 1991) n. comb.

Etymology. Latin for “the ghost from the sea” (masc. noun).

Range. Oligocene—Recent, so far as known.