Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860)

Sinev, Artem Yu, 2009, Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa, Zootaxa 1990, pp. 41-54 : 49-51

Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860)

Baird, 1843: 92–93, pl. III, fig. 9–11 ( quadrangularis ); Lievin, 1848: 40, Taf. X, Fig. 6–7 ( quadrangularis ); Leydig, 1860: 233, Taf. IX, Fig. 68–69 ( Lynceus ); Shoedler, 1862: 18–19, Taf. I, Fig. 17–22 (spinifera), 1863: 18–19, Taf. I, Fig. 17–22 (spinifera); P. E. Müller, 1867: 175–176, tab. III, fig. 22–23, tab. IV, fig. 1–2 (oblonga); Stingelin, 1895: 244–246, pl. VII, fig. 32–33; Lilljeborg, 1900: 454–461, tab. LXVI, fig. 18–21, tab. LXVII, fig. 1–17 ( Lynceus ); Stingelin, 1906: 324–325, Taf. 13, Fig. 18; Bening, 1941: 312–315, fig.129; Frey, 1958: 249–252, pl. 38, fig. 49–56, 1959: 35–36, fig. 36, 37; Herbst, 1962: 89, fig. 69; Smirnov, 1971: 467–474, fig. 582–588, 590 ( Biapertura ), 1978: fig.37, А–Г, 45, З, 47, А,Б ( Biapertura ), 1984: 105, fig. 17 ( Biapertura ); Flössner, 1972: 318–321, abb. 151; Negrea, 1983: 325–329, Fig. 133, A–P ( Biapertura ); Alonso, 1996: 345–346, fig. 154, A–S; Sinev, 1997: 47–55, Fig. 1–4 , 1998: 58, Fig 5 , 2000: 197–202, Fig. 1 –22.

Material. Republic of South Africa. Eastern Cape province: 5 parthenogenetic females from Settler's Dam, Thomas Baines N.R., (33°23'40"S, 26°30'5"E), 25.11.1989, NNS 2002–176; ca. 30 parthenogenetic females from Wildebeestrivier Dam, McClear, 31°3'3"S, 28°18'53"E), 27.03.1993, NNS 2002–120; 8 parthenogenetic females from Watercatchment Dam, McClear, (31°6'29"S, 28°20'9"E), 28.03.1993, NNS 2002–124; parthenogenetic female from Gatberg River Dam, Chantry (31°14'52" S, 28°5'6"E) 26.03.1993, NNS 2002–118; over 30 parthenogenetic female from Mountaindrive Dam, Grahamstown (33°19'10" S, 26°31'5" E), 24.11.1989, NNS 2002–173; 4 parthenogenetic females from Botanical Gardens Dam, Grahamstown (33°19'0" S, 26°30'50") E 24.11.1989, NNS 2002–174; 3 parthenogenetic females from Jamieson major Dam, Grahamstown (33°19'15"S, 26°26'30"E), 0 7.12.1989, NNS 2002–187; 3 parthenogenetic females from Carlisle's Hoek Plateau River, Rhodes (30°39'56"S 27°56'25"E), 0 1.04.1993, NNS 2002–139; 2 parthenogenetic females from Carlisle's Hoek Plateau River, interstitial, Rhodes (30°39'56"S 27°56'25"E), 0 1.04.1993, NNS 2002–138; KwaZulu-Natal province: 3 parthenogenetic females from Rugged Glen Dam, Mont Aux Sources (28°41'15"S 28°59'40"E), 21.10.1994; 3 parthenogenetic females from Trout Dam at camp, Royal Natal (28°40'8"S 28°57'18"E), 21.10.1994, NNS 2002-092; parthenogenetic female and head shield from Dam near White Mountain Resort, White Mountain (29°6'0"S 29°36'54"E), 15.03.1996, NNS 2002-014; North West province: over 20 parthenogenetic females from Kaalplaats Oog, (26°47'30"S 26°1'30"E) 0 9.11.1993, NNS 2002-163; Western Cape province: 6 parthenogenetic females, numerous exuvia from R44 Pool 2, at T.O. of N2, Cape (33°52'0"S 18°22'0"E), 0 5.12.1989, NNS 2002-202.

Additional material: over 100 females, 37 ephippial females, 35 adult males, from Glubokoe lake, Moscow Area, Russia, 0 8–0 9.1995, coll. Sinev A.Yu.; over 50 females, 12 ephippial females, 9 adult males from Nizhnee Ershovskoe Lake, White Sea biological station of Moscow State University, Pojakonda, Murmansk Area, Russia, 0 8–0 9.1996 coll. Izvekova E.I.

Diagonosis. Specimens from all studied South Africa samples were identical to previously described specimens from Eurasia in the additional material. As figured in general shape ( Fig.5 A), morphology of the valves ( Fig.5 B–C), head shield, head pores ( Fig.5 D–E), labrum ( Fig.5 F–G), postabdomen ( Fig.5 H), antenna ( Fig. 5 I), antennula ( Fig.5 J) and thoracal appendages ( Fig. 6 A–F), for comparison, see Alonso (1996) and Sinev (1997).

On the other hand, all studied specimens were easily separated from A. martensi sp. n. by several characters, summarized in Table 1. No specimens with intermediate state of these characters were present in the studied material, and these species were not found sympatrically.

Character Alona martensi sp. n. Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) Posteroventral corner of valves with about 20 setules in 4–5 groups with 35–50 setules in 6–9 groups Head pores PP = 2.5–3 IP in adults PP= 1.5–2 IP in adults Postabdomen narrowing distally with more parallel margins Antennule with 5–6 long setules on anterior face with 1–3 long setules on anterior face Spine on basal segment of antennal less than 2/3 length of middle segment longer than middle segment exopodite

Epipodites IV–V projection longer than epipodite itself two times shorter than epipodite itself

Figures

FIGURE 1. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29 ° 14 ' 31 " S, 29 ° 33 ' 2 " Е: A – C – juvenile female of instar I: A – lateral view, B – head shield, C – head pores; D – E – juvenile female of instar II: D – lateral view, E – head shield; F – K – parthenogenetic female: F – lateral view, G – head shield, H – I – head pores, J – antennule, K – maxillule. Scale bars: 0.2 mm for A – D, D – G, 0.05 mm for C, H – K.

FIGURE 2. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29 ° 14 ' 31 " S, 29 ° 33 ' 2 " Е, parthenogenetic female: A – B – posterior margin and posteroventral angle of valves, C – D – labrum, E – F – postabdomen, G – postabdominal claw, H – antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 3. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29 ° 14 ' 31 " S, 29 ° 33 ' 2 " Е, parthenogenetic female: A – B – limb I in inner and outer view, C – maxillar process of limb I, D – limb II, E – exopodite of limb III, F – exopodite of limb IV, G – limb V, H – limb VI. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29 ° 14 ' 31 " S, 29 ° 33 ' 2 " Е, parthenogenetic female: A – endites of limb I, B – gnathobase of limb II, C – D – inner portion of limb III, E – inner portion of limb IV. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 5. Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) from Republic of South Africa, Eastern Cape, Wildebeestrivier Dam, McClear, 31 ° 3 ' 3 " S, 28 ° 18 ' 53 " E, parthenogenetic female: A – lateral view, B – C – posterior margin and posteroventral angle of valves, D – E – head pores, F – G – labrum, H – postabdomen, I – antennula, J – antenna. Scale bars: 0.2 mm for A, 0.1 for B – J.

FIGURE 6. Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) from Republic of South Africa, Eastern Cape, Wildebeestrivier Dam, McClear, 31 ° 3 ' 3 " S, 28 ° 18 ' 53 " E, parthenogenetic female: A – B – limb I in inner and outer view, C – exopodite of limb III, D – exopodite of limb IV, E – limb V, H – limb VI. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Distribution of Alona martensi sp. n. and Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) in South Africa. Dotted line indicates area with Effective Temperature index below 14 ºC (adapted from Hamer & Brendonk 1997).