Pyrops clavatus ( Westwood, 1839 )

Jiaranaisakul, Kawin, Constant, Jerome & Pinkaew, Nantasak, 2024, Review of the lanternfly genus Pyrops of Thailand (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) with notes and keys to species, Zootaxa 5397 (1), pp. 47-79 : 53-55

Pyrops clavatus ( Westwood, 1839)

( Figs 2 , 14B , 16A )

= Fulgora clavata — Westwood 1839: 139 [original description], pl. 12, fig. 1 [illustrated]; Butler 1874: 98 [placed in a section of Fulgora with white hind wings]; Atkinson 1885: 130 [catalogued; described; distribution; intraspecific variation]; Schmidt 1905: 354 [catalogued], Distant 1906: 191; fig. 83 [keyed; described; habitus, side of head and frons illustrated; senior synonym of Hotinus ponderosus Stål, 1854 ]; Distant 1918: 198 [listed from “Indochina”], 200 [compared with P. atroalbus ( Distant, 1918) ]; Baker 1925: 348 [type of the clavata group in Fulgora ], 361 [keyed, described], pl. 4, fig. 1 [illustrated]; Lallemand 1963: 71 [type of 5 th group of Fulgora ], 88 [keyed; described; catalogued; senior synonym of Hotinus ponderosus Stål, 1854 and Fulgora woodi Ollenbach, 1929 ], pl. 10, figs 4–7 [lateral view of head and male genitalia of type illustrated]; Satô & Nagai 1994: 312 [compared with Fulgora clavata mizunumai Satô & Nagai, 1994 ].

= Pyrops clavata — Burmeister 1845: 4 [transferred to Pyrops ]; Schaum 1850: 64 [listed]; Nagai & Porion 1996: 26 [catalogued; distribution], 31 [very close to Fulgora nigripennis Chou & Wang, 1985 ], pl. 18, figs 227–228 [illustrated].

= Hotinus clavatus — Walker 1851: 267 [list of specimens in BMNH].

= Fulgora (Hotina [sic!]) clavata — Westwood 1848: 7, pl. 3, fig. 1 [described, illustrated].

= Fulgora ponderosa — Butler 1874: 98 [probable junior synonym of P. clavatus ]; Atkinson 1885: 131 [catalogued; described; distribution; probable variety of P. clavatus ].

= Hotinus ponderosus — Distant 1906: 191 [junior synonym of P. clavatus ( Westwood, 1839) ].

= Fulgora ponderosus — Matsumura 1913: 54 [close to P. watanabei ( Matsumura, 1913) ].

= Fulgora woodii — Ollenbach 1929: 279, pl. 1, fig. 13 [described, illustrated and mentioned as very near to Pyrops clavatus ; synonymized by Lallemand (1963)].

= Fulgora nigripennis — Chou & Wang 1985: 33, fig. 4 [described in Chinese, illustrated, compared to P. clavatus ].

= Laternaria clavata — Metcalf 1947: 193 [catalogued; distribution].

= Laternaria clavata var. ponderosa — Metcalf 1947: 193 [catalogued; distribution; considered as a variety of clavatus (erroneous)].

= Laternaria woodi — Metcalf 1947: 208 [catalogued].

= Fulgora clavata mizunumai — Satô & Nagai 1994: 312, figs 3, 12 [described, illustrated, compared to P. clavatus ].

= Pyrops clavata mizunumai — Nagai & Porion 1996: 26 [catalogued], pl. 18, figs 222, 224, 226 [illustrated].

= Pyrops clavatus — Liang 1998: 42 [catalogued; new combination (erroneous)]; Constant & Pham 2017: 10 [catalogued], figs 2–3 [illustration of habitus], 7 [illustraion of male genitalia], 9 B–G [live specimen], 10–15 [illustration of type specimen].

= Pyrops clavatus mizunumai — Liang 1998: 42 [catalogued; new combination (erroneous)].

Diagnosis. (1) cephalic process dark brown or reddish brown, strongly inflated apically ( Fig. 2D ); (2) in dark form, tegmina white with black marking at basal with three black spots in costal area ( Fig. 2A ); in pale form, tegmina bluish white on disc without black spots in costal area (see Constant & Pham, 2017: Fig. 3 ); (3) posterior wings blue or pale blue, apical margin dark brown ( Fig. 2A–B ); (4) abdomen red ( Fig. 2B ).

Mesurements and ratio. TL: ♁ (n = 1): 37.2 mm; ♀ (n = 3): 46.6 mm (45.4–48.5 mm); TL+process: ♁ (n = 1): 49.2 mm; ♀ (n = 3): 60.5 mm (58.2–62.9 mm); LTg/BTg = 2.85; BF/BPrH = 2.32; LPr/LF = 2.93; LPr/BPrH = 6.82.

Material examined. 1 ♀: Nan Province, Pua District , 30.X.2013, K. Jiaranaisakul leg. ( KKIC) ; 1 ♁, 1 ♀: Chiang Rai Province, Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Chedi , 2.VI.2021, Local collector leg., KJ02-00216, KJ02- 00218 ( THNHM) ; 2 ♀♀: Chiang Rai Province, Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Chedi , 1410 m.a.s.l., 23.IV.2022, K. Jiaranaisakul leg., KJ02-00281—KJ02-00282 ( RBMF) ; 5 ♁♁, 15 ♀♀, Chiang Mai, Dec. 2007, local collectors ( RBINS) .

Material examined from iNaturalist.

Chiang Mai Province: Chom Thong Dist., 18°32’00.0”N 98°31’00.0”E, 10 specimens: 1ex. , 5.VI.2022, natthaphat; 1 ex., 16.VI.2022, andrewpierce; 1 ex., 28.V.2023, goong2; 1 ex., 1 ex., 11.VI.2023, mayoh; 1 ex., 15.VI.2023, k_jiaranaisakul; 1 ex., 18.VI.2023, goong2; 1 ex,, 9.VII.2023, goong2; 2 ex., 9.VII.2023, goong2; 1 ex., 9.VII.2023; goong2.

Chiang Rai Province: Wiang Pa Pao Dist. , 19°08’00.0”N 99°29’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex., 23.V.2022, k_jiaranaisakul .

Kamphaeng Phet Province: Khlong Lan Dist. , 16°06’00.0”N 99°06’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex. (fig. 14 B):, 3.VII.2022, tew_angkanensis .

Nan Province: Pua Dist. , 19°12’00.0”N 101°04’00.0”E; 1 specimen: 1 ex., 30.X.2013, k_jiaranaisakul.

Distribution. Bangladesh, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam ( Jiaranaisakul & Wonglersak, 2021; Constant & Pham, 2022).

Notes. The species was observed on Dimocarpus longan Lour. ( Sapindaceae ) and can be found at altitudes of 150–1200 m in Vietnam ( Constant & Pham, 2017). In Thailand, the species is only found in the montane forest (1300–1410 alt) on unidentified trees in the families Meliaceae and Sapindaceae . Some specimens were observed with P. lathburii , P. spinolae , Saiva bullata ( Distant, 1891) and S. cardinalis ( Butler, 1874) , on the same tree. Mae Wong National Park represents the southern limit in the distribution of this species so far.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Pyrops clavatus (Westwood, 1839), ♁, Chiang Rai Province, Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Chedi, 2.VI.2021 (THN- HM). (A) Habitus, dorsal view; (B) habitus, ventral view; (C) habitus, lateral view; (D) head and thorax, dorsal view; (E) head, perpendicular view of frons.

FIGURE 3. Pyrops condorinus (Lallemand, 1960), ♁, Chonburi Province, Chanta Ten Waterfall, 7.VII.2022 (RBMF). (A) ha- bitus, dorsal view; (B) habitus, ventral view; (C) habitus, lateral view; (D) head and thorax, dorsal view; (E) head, perpendicular view of frons.

FIGURE 14. Pyrops spp.living specimens.(A) P.atroalbus (Distant, 1918), Chiang Mai Province,Mae Rim District, 14.III.2016, © P. Jirasuttayaporn; (B) P. clavatus (Westwood, 1839), Kamphaeng Phet Province, Khlong Lan District, Mae Wong National Park, 3.VII.2022, © tew_angkanensis (inaturalist.org/observations/146833242); (C–E) P. lathburii (Kirby, 1818): (C) Loei Province, Phu Ruea National Park, 18.VI.2018, © W. Ponsa, (D) same data, 14.VI.2020, © R. Sriburin. E. Phitsanulok Province, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, 17.V.2022, © P. Wirawannawin.

FIGURE 16. Distribution map of Pyrops spp. (A) P. atroalbus (Distant, 1918), red circle; P. clavatus (Westwood, 1839), yellow triangle; P. condorinus (Lallemand, 1960), green square; (B) P. connectens (Atkinson, 1885), red circle; P. ducalis (Stål, 1863), yellow triangle; P. itoi (Satô & Nagai, 1994), green square.