Sibambea cincta (Perty, 1833) Medrano & Kury & Mendes, 2022

Medrano, Miguel, Kury, Adriano Brilhante & Mendes, Amanda Cruz, 2022, Morphology-based cladistics splinters the century-old dichotomy of the pied harvestmen (Arachnida: Gonyleptoidea: Cosmetidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195, pp. 585-672 : 640-643

SIBAMBEA CINCTA ( PERTY, 1833) COMB. NOV.

( FIGS 26 , 42 , 43 )

Discosoma cinctum Perty, 1833: 209 , pl. 40, fig. 6. Discosoma cinctum Roewer, 1923: 389 . Discosominana cincta Strand, 1942: 396 . Discosomaticus sturmi Roewer, 1963: 58 , fig. 25, syn. nov.

Type data: Holotypes: ‘Brazil’. ‘Bahia’: one ind (ZSMC, lost, holotype of D. cinctum ). Peru. [Loreto]: Ucayali, Bosque Humboldt, 90 km from Pucallpa, [–8.37578°, –74.47218°], 1 ♂ (MZTU, holotype of D. sturmi , examined by photograph). Paratypes: Peru. [Loreto]: Ucayali, Bosque Humboldt, 90 km from Pucallpa, [–8.37578°, –74.47218°], 1 ♀ (MZTU, paratype of D. sturmi , examined by photograph).

Non-type material examined: Brazil. Amazonas: Benjamin Constant [–5.64837°, –70.40685°, 100 m], JCM Carvalho & A Viegas-Filho leg., v.1950, 2 ♀ ( MNRJ 05072); Tabatinga, Tabatinga [–4.24278°, –69.92875°], W Roth leg., viii.1984, 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 05694); Benjamin Constant, [–5.64837°, –70.40685°, 100 m], Carvalho, J. C. M. & Viegas Filho, Argentino leg., v.1950, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MNRJ-HS 0008); Igarapé Belem, near confluence with Rio Solimões, Amazonas [–3.01855°, –60.12808°], 1 ♂ ( AMNH 320); 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 2612); Fonte Boa, Rio Içá, [–2.51625°, –66.05593°], 1 ♂ ( MZUSP 71685); Alto Solimões [–3.48605°, –68.97014°], 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MCN 634); 1 ♀ ( INPA-OP 1205). Colombia. Amazonas: Rio Suarez [–1.21628°, –70.95594°], 9 ♂ 15 ♀ ( AMNH 318); rio Apaporis [–4.18056°, –70.25°], 1 ♂ ( CAS AK 109); Leticia, km 11 vía a Tarapaca, [–4.11842°, –69.95347°, 90 m], 1 ♀ (ICN-Ao-461); Leticia, Monifue- Amena, Varzea [–4.12264°, –69.94925°, 70 m], V Beltrán & M Castro leg., 5.x.2005, (post-fire material) 1 ♂ ( MPUJ _ENT 0011391); Rodriguez leg., 30.iii.2005, (post-fire material) 2 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MPUJ _ENT 0064470); Cubillos, Castañeda & Sanchez leg., 5.x.2005, (postfire material) 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MPUJ _ENT 0064471); foliage shaking, A Diaz leg., 3.x.2004, (post-fire material) 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MPUJ _ENT 0064472). Vaupés: Taraira, Lago Taraira, Estación Biológica Mosiro Itajura-Caparú, [–1.06667°, –69.51667°, 200 m], 3 ♂ 3 ♀ (ICN-Ao-972). Peru, Loreto: Estiron, Rio Ampiacu, forest night sweep [–4.122°, –70.73128°, 82 m], 1 ♂ 2 ♀ ( AMNH 241); Genaro Herrera [–4.92722°, –73.76194°], 1 ♀ (CAZ AK 104); Estiron, rio Ampiacu Loreto [–4.13308°, –70.73815°], 1 ♂ ( AMNH 238).

Literature records of Discosomaticus cinctus : Brazil, Amazonas, Benjamin Constant ( Soares, 1970: 330). São Paulo d’Olivença, Upper Amazonas ( Simon, 1879: 218; 1880: 103).

Diagnosis: It differs from other Sibambea species by having the combination of the following features: (1) DS with a well-marked yellow ring with inner border entire (instead of reticulate), and without occupying areas of mesotergum ( Fig. 42A, C, D ); (2) fixed finger of chelicera with well-marked teeth ( Fig. 43E ); (3) coxa IV uniformly brown ( Fig. 42C ); and (4) dorsal process of the stylus subdivided in lobes ( Fig. 43D ).

Distribution: Upper Amazonas in ecoregions: (1) Caquetá moist forest, Solimões-Japura moist forest in Colombia; (2) Purus Várzea in Colombia and Brazil; (3) south-west Amazon moist forest in Peru and Brazil; (4) Iquitos Várzea in Peru; and (5) Uatuma-Trombetas moist forest in Brazil as the easternmost locality ( Fig. 26 ).

Remarks: ‘ Habitat in Provincia Bahiensi ’ ( Perty, 1833) is probably not Bahia State which is markedly distant from the nearest point here reported. An ambiguous locality related with ‘Bahia’ is shown in Roewer species Metagryne quadrimaculata .

Description of male MPUJ_ENT 00644772 (with extra figures from other specimens): Measurements: CL: 1.20, CW: 2.34, AL: 3.01, AW: 3.84, IOD: 0.59, FeIV: 11.74.

Dorsum ( Fig. 42 ). DS delta-type and lenticular in lateral view, without remarkable ornamentation, only low rounded tubercles in areas I–III. Anterior edge of dorsal scutum with protoglyphs slightly concave with lateral triangular borders. Ocularium low and with a few granules near the eyes. Mesotergum convex, higher at level of area II, scutal posterior border and free tergites each containing a transverse row of minute granules, anal operculum with scattered granules.

Venter ( Fig. 42E ). Coxae I–III triangular, transverse to main body axis, each with a longitudinal row of granules, more developed in coxa I. Coxae II–IV connected by tubercular bridges. Coxa IV pentagonal, greatly developed, oriented obliquely, but almost parallel to the body axis. Stigmatic area T-shaped with stigmata large, unconcealed. Free sternites each with a row of granules.

Chelicerae ( Fig. 43E, F ). Hand not swollen. Basichelicerite short, with well-marked bulla and uniformly tuberculated dorsally. Posterior and ectal margins of bulla fringed with several tubercles. Movable finger of cheliceral hand with nine trapezoidal tubercles. Fixed finger with five triangular tubercles of different sizes, basalmost larger and isolated.

Pedipalps ( Fig. 42G–I ). Elongate trochanter, foliaceus femur; convex dorsally, with a dorsal keel composed by a row of six setiferous tubercles and a ventral row of nine setiferous tubercles. Tibia only slightly convex in ectal border, with a ventro-marginal row of small setae, mesobasal region with five equally spaced large setae. Tarsus conical dorsally and ventrally flattened, with scattered dorsal setae and ventrally with two well-marked rows of subequal setae.

Legs ( Fig. 42 ). Long and unarmed legs, femora straight. Coxa IV convex in dorsal view with few apical granules, no clavi inguines, probasal region with a slight incrassation. Pectinate claws in legs II and IV in two rows. Tarsal counts: 6(3),?, 10, 14 ( Simon, 1880).

Colour (in alcohol, Fig. 42 ). Dorsal scutum and coxae dark reddish-brown (44). Brilliant greenish yellow (98) ring-like mark contouring dorsal scutum, except for the posterior border, the ring is complete with the coloration of free tergites. Appendages light deepyellow (85). Anal operculum same colour of DS.

Penis ( Fig. 43A–D ). Ventral plate subrectangular, with triangular apical corners, distal margin concave. Sub-distal lateral margin of VP with two pairs of MS-C, large, curved and flattened. Two pairs of MS-D located in apical half of VP, MS-D1 twice longer than MS-D2 and closer to MS-C2, both MS-D straight and conical. One pair of MS-A basally in VP, straight, conical and almost as long as MS-D1. Two pairs of MS-E in apical portion of latero-ventral surface and one pair of MS-B in the basal portion of ventral surface of VP. Ventral surface with two wide lateral regions with microsetae type 3 (T3) near MS-B and MS-E. Glans with dorsal process rounded and tip divided in five lobes, wattle going to median part of stylus and stylar ventral barbs.

Figures

Figure 26. Map of known distribution of Sibambea and Marronia. Numbers correspond to the following WWF ecoregions: 1 = Eastern Cordillera real montane forest, 2 = Napo moist forest, 3 = Iquitos Várzea, 4 = Southwest Amazon moist forest, 5 = Solimões-Japura moist forest, 6 = Caquetá moist forest, 7 = Purus Várzea, 8 = Uatuma-Trombetas moist forest, 9 = Amazon-Orinoco Southern Caribbean mangroves.

Figure 42. Sibambea cincta, male (MPUJ_ENT 644772). A, dorsal view. B, panoramic dorsal view. C, lateral view. D, posterior view. E, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 43. SEM images of some structures of Sibambea cincta, male (ICN-Ao- 972). A–D, penis: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view; D, detail of stylus and dorsal process of glans. E, left cheliceral hand, dorsal view. F, left basichelicerite, dorsal view. G, left pedipalpus, ectal view. H, same, mesal view. I, same, detail of tarsus, ventral view. Scale bars: 50 μm (A–C), 10 μm (D), 200 μm (E, G, H), 100 μm (F, I).