Neoperla, FROM

Stark, Bill P. & Sivec, Ignac, 2008, New Species And Records Of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Vietnam, Illiesia 4 (3), pp. 19-54 : 52-53

IDENTIFICATION KEY FOR NEOPERLA FROM VIETNAM

The following provisional key is provided to aid in identification of male Neoperla from Vietnam. Identifications obtained with this key should be confirmed by comparisions with figures and descriptions provided elsewhere in this paper or in other sources ( Uchida & Yamasaki 1989; Zwick 1983, 1988).

Males

( N. brachyura , N. hoabihnica , N. ramosa , N. sungi , N. vitalisi not included)

1 Tergum 7 bears a broadly truncate, elevated, plateau‐ like process, tergum 8 bears a slender, erect, curved process ( Fig. 30 ) …….……….…... 2

1’ Tergum 7 and tergum 8 processes variable, but not as described above.…………………............ 9

2 Aedeagal tube bears a projecting, sometimes spiny or forked, slender membranous lobe ( Fig. 22 ) ……………………………………………….…. 3

2’ Aedeagal tube without lobes, or if present, lobes are large and spherical; lobes present or absent on sac ( Fig. 53 ) ……….……………………..…….…. 7

3 Lobe of aedeagal tube a simple, nipple shaped structure ( Fig. 22 ) …………………………..….. dao

3’ Lobe of aedeagal tube bifurcate ( Fig. 42 ) …..…. 4

4 Lobe of aedeagal tube deeply forked ………..…. 5

4’ Lobe of aedeagal tube with long Y‐ stalk and short arms ( Fig. 42 ) …………………………………….. 6

5 Lobe of aedeagal tube forked to base and without spiny armature; arms of lobe less than three times long as wide ( Fig. 76 ) ….……………….…... yentu

5’ Lobe of aedeagal tube with a short basal stalk, and armed apically with minute spines; arms of lobe at least five times long as wide ………..… yao

6 Stalk of aedeagal lobe subequal to arms in length; aedeagal sac unarmed on dorsum for most of length proximal to subapical spiny mound ( Fig. 42 ) ………………………………………..….. mnong

6’ Stalk of aedeagal lobe about twice as long as arms; aedeagal sac rather densely and completely armed for all but a short basal section ( Fig. 31 ) ……………………………………………..... hubleyi

7 Aedeagal sac without spiny lobes but dorsal margin bearing a double row of 4‐7 cultriform spines ( Figs. 36‐37 ).…………………….…... idella

7’ Aedeagal sac with a pair of spiny lobes ( Fig. 53 ) ………………………………..…………………..… 8

8 Sac angled abruptly dorsad; sac unarmed on ventral margin for most of length distal to lobes ( Figs. 53‐54 ) ……………………………..…. nebulosa

8’ Sac curved gradually dorsad; ventral margin of sac armed for most of length distal to lobes ( Fig. 64 ) ………………………………………... spinaloba

9 Process of tergum 7 broad at tip, often rounded, truncate or notched ( Figs. 24 , 58 ) ………………. 10

9’ Process of tergum 7 more or less triangular ( Fig. 46 ) ………………………………………..………. 14

10 Everted aedeagal sac extends ventrally at an approximate right angle to tube ( Fig. 25 ) ….. erecta

10’ Everted aedeagal sac curved ventrad but not oriented at a right angle to tube.………..……… 11

11 Aedeagus with one or more spiny lobes ( Fig. 59 ) …………………………………………….……..… 12

11’ Aedeagus without spiny lobes ( Fig. 69 ).…..… 13

12 Aedeagal sac with a dorsobasal pair of prominent spiny lobes; sac armed with an irregular, subapical ring of cultriform spines ( Fig. 59 ) ………………………………………………..… song

12’ Aedeagal sac without dorsobasal spiny lobes; sac armed at midlength by a large, ventral lobe and subapically by patches of cultriform spines …………………………………………...…... tamdao

13 Hemitergal finger lobes curved dorsad near tips; process of tergum 7 truncate; aedeagal sac armature larger on dorsal margin, but not cultriform …………………………………... hamata

13’ Hemitergal finger lobes curved inward; process of tergum 7 rounded ( Fig. 68 ); aedeagal sac armature with a double row of dorsal cultriform spines on apical third ( Fig. 69 ) ……………………….… teresa

14 Aedeagal sac with two or more spiny lobes ( Fig. 80 ) …………………………………………….…. 15

14’ Aedeagal sac without spiny lobes ( Fig. 14 ) ….. 16

15 Aedeagal sac trilobed ( Fig. 80 ) ………….…. zonata

15’ Aedeagal sac with three ventral lobes arranged linearly ( Fig. 47 ) ……………….……. multispinosa

16 Aedeagal tube armed with one or more spines in apical half ( Fig. 14 ) ……………………………... 17

16’ Aedeagal tube armature absent apically or reduced to small spicules ( Fig. 3 ) …………….. 19

17 Dorsal margin of aedeagal tube armed from near midlength to apical third with a few spines; sac armature extends from near base to apex.…. nova

17’ Dorsal margin of aedeagal tube armed near apex with one or more spines; ventral margin of tube with additional spines ( Figs. 17‐18 ); sac armature begins near midlength ( Fig. 17 ) …..………….. 18

18 Aedeagal tube armed at midlength with a pair of small unsclerotized spiny patches; venter with a small patch of about five apical spines; sac armature consists of scattered cultriform spines primarily along dorsal margin ( Fig. 14 ). monacha

18’ Aedeagal tube without midlength armature; venter with a large apical patch of spines; sac armature covers most of surface at midlength ( Fig. 17 ) …………………………………….. sinuata

19 Base of aedeagal sac with a complete ring of long close‐ set spines; process of tergum 7 very slender and acute at tip …………………………… coronata

19’ Base of aedeagal sac without grouping of long spines; process of tergum 7 broadly triangular and rounded or slightly forked at tip ( Fig. 2 ). 20

20 Aedeagal tube somewhat plump and lacking sclerotization except basally and along dorsal margin …………………………….………...… fallax

20’ Aedeagal tube slender and sclerotized along dorsal and ventral margins ( Fig. 3 ) ……….….. 21

21 Basal patch of small spines of aedeagal sac in contact with tube apex ( Fig. 3 ) ……………….. 22

21’ Basal patch of small spines of aedeagal sac clearly separated from tube apex by unarmed membrane ( Fig. 7 ) ………………………………………..….. 23

22 Basal patch of small spines on aedeagal sac restricted to dorsolateral surfaces; distal sac armature includes irregular rows of moderately sized spines on dorsal and ventral margins …………………..………………………… gordonae

22’ Basal patch of small spines completely rings aedeagal sac; distal sac armature not organized into irregular rows of spines ( Fig. 3 ) ……… clara

23 Base of aedeagal sac bears a dorsal cushion of small spines and longer spines along dorsal margin; ventral sac margin bears a patch of more prominent spines near midlength, apical sac armature reduced on both margins to minute spicules ………………………………….. cavaleriei

23’ Base of aedeagal sac without dorsal cushion of spines ……………………………………….…… 24

24 Aedeagal sac base completely ringed with small spines but discretely separated from tube apex by narrow band of membrane; margins of sac without larger spines ( Fig. 7 ) ……………… daklak

24’ Aedeagal sac unarmed for at least basal 20% of sac length; armature on dorsal margin consists of irregular row of small peg shaped spines; ventral armature begins distally to origin of dorsal armature ( Fig. 9 ) ……….……………... leptacantha

Figures

Figs. 29‐33. Neoperla hubleyi. 29. Head and pronotum, 30. Male terminalia, 31. Aedeagus, 32. Female terminalia, 33. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 19‐22. Neoperla dao. 19. Head and pronotum, 20. Male terminalia, 21. Male terminalia, lateral aspect, 22. Aedeagus.

Figs. 51‐56. Neoperla nebulosa. 51. Head and pronotum, 52. Male terminalia, 53. Aedeagus, 54. Aedeagal sac, dorsal, 55. Female terminalia, 56. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 40‐44. Neoperla mnong. 40. Head and pronotum, 41. Male terminalia, 42. Aedeagus, 43. Female terminalia, 44. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 75‐77. Neoperla yentu. 75. Male terminalia, 76. Aedeagus. 77, Detail of aedeagus lobing.

Figs. 34‐39. Neoperla idella. 34. Head and pronotum. 35. Male terminalia. 36. Aedeagus. 37. Aedeagal sac, dorsal. 38. Female terminalia. 39. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 62‐66. Neoperla spinaloba. 62. Head and pronotum, 63. Male terminalia, 64. Aedeagus, 65. Female terminalia, 66. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 23‐25. Neoperla erecta. 23. Head and pronotum, 24. Male terminalia, 25. Aedeagus.

Figs. 57‐61. Neoperla song. 57. Head and pronotum, 58. Male terminalia, 59. Aedeagus, 60. Female terminalia, 61. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 45‐50. Neoperla multispinosa.45. Head and pronotum, 46. Male terminalia, 47. Aedeagus, 48.Aedeagal sac, dorsal, 49. Female terminalia, 50. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 67‐71. Neoperla teresa. 67. Head and pronotum, 68.Male terminalia, 69. Aedeagus, 70. Vagina and spermatheca, 71. Female terminalia.

Figs. 78‐81. Neoperla zonata. 78. Head and pronotum, 79. Male terminalia, 80. Aedeagus, 81. Aedeagal sac, ventral.

Figs. 12‐14. Neoperla monacha. 12. Head and pronotum, 13. Male terminalia, 14. Aedeagus.

Figs. 1‐5. Neoperla clara. 1. Head and pronotum, 2. Male terminalia, 3. Aedeagus, 4. Female terminalia, 5. Vagina and spermatheca.

Figs. 15‐18. Neoperla sinuata. 15. Head and pronotum. 16. Male terminalia. 17. Aedeagus. 18. Aedeagal tube armature, ventral.

Figs. 6‐7. Neoperla daklak. 6. Male terminalia, 7. Aedeagus.

Figs. 8‐11. Neoperla leptacantha. 8. Male terminalia, 9. Aedeagus, 10. Female terminalia, 11. Vagina and spermatheca.