Thiotricha subocellea ( Stephens, 1834 )

Lee, Ga-Eun & Li, Houhun, 2024, A taxonomic review of Thiotricha Meyrick, 1886 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Thiotrichinae) from China, with descriptions of 84 new species, Zootaxa 5449 (1), pp. 1-222 : 16-19

Thiotricha subocellea ( Stephens, 1834)

( Figs 3C , 5 , 6A , 63A, B , 69A )

Anacampsis subocellea Stephens, 1834: 214 . TL: New Forest, Hampshire, England. TD: NHMUK.

Gelechia internella Lienig & Zeller, 1846: 291 .

Gelechia (Brachmia) dissonella Heydenreich, 1851: 87 .

Anacampsis dissonella Herrich-Schäffer, 1854: 200 .

Gelechia subocellella Doubleday, 1859: 31 .

Reuttia subocellea (Stephens) : Hofmann, 1898: 229; Gaede, 1937: 302.

Thiotricha subocellea (Stephens) : Meyrick, 1925: 101; Piskunov, 1981: 730, 732; Ivinskis et al., 1984: 39; Omelko, 1993: 213; Huemer, 1993: 51; Karsholt & Riedl, 1996: 122; Omelko, 1999: 182; Elsner et al., 1999: 57; Bland et al., 2002: 40, 242; Li, 2002: 437; Hua, 2005: 8; Ueda & Fujiwara, 2005: 75; Loni et al., 2011: 116; Karsholt et al., 2013: 337; Gaedike, 2014: 109; Heikkilä, 2014: 570.

Ptocheuusa subocellea Schille, 1931 , in Romaniszyn & Schille: 195.

Polyhymno subocellea (Stephens) : Park & Ponomarenko, 2006: 276; 2007: 43; Ponomarenko, 2008: 91; Sakamaki, 2013: 48, 297.

Type material ( Figs 63A, B , 69A ). Lectotype ♂ ( Gelechia internella ), EUROPE, Latvia (“Livland”), leg. Lienig [?], genitalia slide no. B.M. 7127 ( NHMUK).

Additional material examined. CHINA: Anhui Province: 1 ♀, Hot Spring , Yuexi County, 7.viii.1995, leg. Xiangfu Hu , genitalia slide no. LGE18067; Beijing: 1 ♀♀, Xiaolongmen Forest Farm (39.97°N, 115.44°E), 1080 m, 14.viii.2009, leg. Aihuan Zhang and Aihua Sun ; 1 ♂, Xiaolongmen Forest Farm (39.97°N, 115.44°E), 28.viii.2009, leg. Aihuan Zhang and Xueling Tian , genitalia slide no. LGE18063; Gansu Province: 1 ♂, Mt. Xinglong (35.80°N, 104.07°E), 2230 m, Yuzhong County, 2.viii.1993, leg. Houhun Li ; 1 ♂, Lieshilingyuan , 2290 m, Sunan County, 20.vii.2006, leg. Xinpu Wang and Xiangfeng Shi ; 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, Junmayichang , 2888 m, Shandan County, 23.vii.2006, leg. Xinpu Wang and Xiangfeng Shi ; 1 ♀, Dangchuan Forest Farm (34.34°N, 106.16°E), 1342 m, Tianshui City , 28.vii.2006, leg. Xinpu Wang and Xiangfeng Shi ; 1 ♀, Mt. Xinglong (35.80°N, 104.07°E), 2178 m, Yuzhong County, 20.viii.2007, leg. Feng Yang and Hanguang Gao , genitalia slide no. LEG15006; Guizhou Province: 1 ♂, Xiannudong , 600 m, Daozhen County, 18.viii.2004, leg. Yunli Xiao , genitalia slide no. LGE18106; 1 ♀, Guocun Village (29.16°N, 107.44°E), 1300 m, Daozhen County, 21.viii.2004, leg. Yunli Xiao , genitalia slide no. LGE18107; 1 ♀, Dashahe (28.86°N, 107.45°E), 1350 m, Daozhen County, 24.viii.2004, leg. Yunli Xiao , genitalia slide no. ZJL05152; 1 ♂, Kuankuoshui Nature Reserves , Suiyang County, 15.viii.2010, leg. Linlin Yang , genitalia slide no. LGE18072; Hebei Province: 2 ♂♂, Zhongguyuan (40.56°N, 117.50°E), 900 m, Mt. Wuling , Xinglong County, 31.vii.2000, leg. Yanli Du and Zhendong Li , genitalia slide nos. LZD01060, LGE18074; 1 ♀, Shuangyuanfeng (40.61°N, 117.45°E), 800 m, Mt. Wuling , Xinglong County, 30.vii.2011, leg. Houhun Li and Yanpeng Cai ; 1 ♀, Mt. Heilong National Forest Park (41.30°N, 116.12°E), 1320 m, 7.vii.2016, leg. Shengnan Zhao and Suran Li , genitalia slide no. LGE16246; Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region : 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Suyukou (38.72°N, 106.01°E), 2000 m, Mt. Helan , 3.vi.2006, leg. Xinpu Wang ; 70 ♂♂, 178 ♀♀, Mt. Yunwu National Nature Reserves , 1976−2075 m, 28.vii−6.viii.2013, leg. Wei Guan, Meiqing Yang and Xuemei Hu , genitalia slide nos. YMQ 13154m, LGE 17013m, LGE17014f, LGE17208f; Shanxi Province: 1 ♀, Luyashan Nature Reserves (38.67°N, 112.03°E), 1450 m, Ningwu County, 23.vii.2011, leg. Shulian Hao and Jiayu Liu , genitalia slide no. LGE18065; 1 ♀, Dongxia (35.82°N, 112.28°E), 1620 m, Xiachuan , Qinshui County, Jincheng City , 18.vii.2012, leg. Qiang Gao and Na Chen ; 1 ♀, Manghe National Nature Reserves , 594 m, Yangcheng County, 13.vii.2012, leg. Wei Guan and Xiuchun Wang ; 3 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, Dongxiakou (35.4°N, 112.03°E), 1445 m, Lishan Nature Reserves, Qinshui , Jincheng , 20.viii.2012, leg. Shulian Hao and Zhiwei Zhang ; 1 ♀, Dahe Forest Farm (35.45°N, 111.92°E), 1196 m, Yicheng County, Linfen City , 24.viii.2012, leg. Shulian Hao and Zhiwei Zhang ; 42 ♂♂, 110 ♀♀, Mt. Mian (36.87°N, 111.99°E), 1370 m, Jiexiu , 24−29.vii.2013, leg. Tengteng Liu and Peixin Cong , genitalia slide nos. NKLGE008m, LGE15005f, LGE 15007m, LGE 15008m, LGE15037f, LGE15038f, LGE 15039m, LGE 15040m, LEG 16139m, LGE17135f, LGE17171f, LGE17202f, LGE17207f; 1 ♂, Mt. Mian (36.87°N, 111.99°E), 1370 m, Jiexiu , 21.vii.2014, leg. Tengteng Liu, Meiqing Yang and Sihan Lu ; 1 ♂, Mt. Lingkong (36.61°N, 112.08°E), Qinyuan County, 1560 m, 27.vii.2014, leg. Tengteng Liu, Meiqing Yang and Sihan Lu , genitalia slide no. LGE19025. KOREA: 2 ♀♀, Gangwon-do, Mt. Gyebang , 2.viii.1989, leg. K. T. Park , genitalia slide nos. 5180, LGE22109; 1 ♂, Gyeonggi-do, Hwacheon-gun, Mt. Gwangdeok , 19.viii.1997, leg. M. K. Paek & U. Y. Jang ; 1 ♂, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si , 14.viii.2003, leg. H. R. Han , genitalia slide no. LGE22107 (all Korean materials are deposited in NIBR).

Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 6A ). Wingspan 9.0− 14.5 mm. Thiotricha subocellea closely resembles T. apicispinea in superficial appearance, but the forewing is slightly broader and the markings are more vivid in the former. In the male genitalia ( Figs 5B , 69A ), the asymmetrical valvae with a digitate process on the right valva are similar to those of T. apicispinea and T. fasciaria . However, distal 1/3 of the valva is spatulate in T. subocellea whereas those are sharply narrowed in two other species.

Biology. The larva is concealed in a portable case and feeds on the seeds of the host plants from August to late October ( Bland et al. 2002). Agathis fuscipennis (Zetterstedt) ( Hymenoptera ) has been reported as a parasitoid of the species in Europe ( Loni et al. 2011).

Host plants. Lamiaceae : Calamintha sp. , Mentha aquatica L., Origanum vulgare L., Satureja montana L., Thymus polytrichus A. Kern. ex Borbás and T. vulgaris L. ( Bland et al. 2002; Sakamaki 2013).

Distribution. China (Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Jilin, Ningxia, Shanxi), Korea, Japan, Russia (all regions), Europe.

Remarks. Thiotricha subocellea is one of the best well-known species in the genus and is widely distributed in the Palaearctic Region. Descriptions for adults and genitalia are provided by Huemer (1993) and Bland et al. (2002), and a detailed history of synonymy is given in Huemer (1993).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Wings of Thiotricha spp. A, forewing markings of T. latistriata sp. nov.; B, resting position of T. pancratiastis Meyrick; C, wing venation of T. subocellea (Stephens), ♂, slide no. NKLGE008; D, wing venation of T. prunifolivora Ueda & Fujiwara, ♀, slide no. LGE16093W (Scale bars C, D = 0.5 mm).

FIGURE 5. Abdominal and genital structures of Thiotricha subocellea (Stephens). A, male abdomen, slide no. LGE19025; B, male genitalia, slide no. LGE19025; C, female genitalia, slide no. LGE18065.

FIGURE 6. Adults of Thiotricha spp. A, T. subocellea (Stephens), ♂; B, T. apicispinea sp. nov., ♂, holotype; C, T. fasciaria sp. nov., ♂, holotype; D, T. atralata sp. nov., ♂, holotype; E, T. lativalva sp. nov., ♂, holotype; F, T. gracilis sp. nov., ♂, holotype; G, T. vittata sp. nov., ♂, holotype; H, T. minuta sp. nov., ♂, holotype.

FIGURE 63. Type specimens and label data of Thiotricha spp. deposited in NHMUK. A, B, T. subocellea (Stephens), ♂, lectotype; C, D, T. pontifera Meyrick, ♀, holotype; E, F, T. grammitis Meyrick, ♂, lectotype; G, H, T. microrrhoda Meyrick, ♀, holotype.

FIGURE 69. Abdominal segments and genitalia of type specimens deposited in NHMUK. A, T. subocellea (Stephens), ♂, lectotype, slide no. 7127; B, T. pontifera Meyrick, ♀, holotype, slide no. J.F.G.C. 8332; C, T. grammitis Meyrick, ♂, lectotype, slide no. J.F.G.C. 8339.