Campodea Westwood, 1842

Sendra, Alberto & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Euro-Mediterranean fauna of Campodeinae (Campodeidae, Diplura), European Journal of Taxonomy 728, pp. 1-130 : 20

Genus Campodea Westwood, 1842

Campodea Westwood, 1842: 71 .

Diagnosis

Notal formula with 1+1 medial anterior, 1+1 lateral anterior, 1+1 lateral posterior macrosetae on pronotum or more, and up to 1+1 medial anterior, 1+1 lateral anterior, 1+1 lateral posterior macrosetae on mesonotum and up to 1+1 medial anterior, 1+1 lateral posterior on metanotum; without dorsal femoral macrosetae; with one short ventral tibial macroseta; smooth subequal slightly curved claws with smooth setiform telotarsal process; not more than one pair of medial anterior macrosetae on I–VII urotergites and up to one pair of lateral anterior and lateral posterior on III–VII urotergites; with or without medial anterior or medial posterior macrosetae on VIII urotergite and IX abdominal segment; 3+3 (2+2) lateral posterior macrosetae on VIII urotergite and 5+5 (4+4) lateral posterior macrosetae on IX abdominal segment; first urosternite with 6+6 macrosetae (with 1+1 extra smaller thiner macrosetae in Libanocampa coiffaiti Condé, 1955 ), 4+4 on II–VII and 1+1 on VIII; male first urosternite with area of continuous glandular g 1 -setae (split in two or absent in some species), subtrapezoidal appendages with glandular a 1 and a 2 -setae (only a 1 in a few species); females without g 1 -glandular setae (exception: C. (C.) franzi ) with subcylindrical appendages with a 1 -glandular setae. Cercal articles covered with whorls of macrosetae and setae in most species.

The genus Campodea is divided into five subgenera: Campodea s. str., Dicampa , Indocampa Silvestri, 1933 , Monocampa and Paurocampa . The monotypic subgenus Hypercampa Silvestri, 1933 , with Campodea (Hypercampa) essigi Silvestri, 1933 from California ( USA), is excluded from the genus Campodea due to its thick and barbed telotarsal process.

Habitat and distribution

Most species of Campodea (128 out of 143) live in edaphic habitats, from the upper layers of the leaf litter to the microvoids within the A and B horizons (endogean environment) and the largest voids of C horizon. Notwithstanding this, hitherto 15 species of Campodea (plus some undescribed, Sendra unpublish data) have colonized cave-ecosystems showing cave-related traits. This genus extends across the Holarctic Region, being well known in the Euro-Mediterranean area and in North America, with its northernmost distribution near the Artic circle in Norway ( Lie-Pettersen, 1898) and the southernmost reaching Mexico ( Silvestri 1912; Wygodzinsky 1944b; Allen 1994, 1995). Other species live in Cuba and the subgenus Indocampa is distributed in Oriental and Australian ecozones ( Silvestri 1931a, 1933d; Bareth & Condé 1977; Condé 1980; Bareth 1992).