Kempyninae Carpenter, 1943: 757

Martins, Caleb Califre & Price, Benjamin W., 2020, An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the Osmylidae collection (Neuroptera) at the Natural History Museum, London, Zootaxa 4883 (1), pp. 1-61 : 10-18

Subfamily Kempyninae Carpenter, 1943: 757

Original combination: Australysmus lacustris Kimmins, 1940: 198

Current combination: Australysmus lacustris Kimmins, 1940

Type locality: [“ Mt. Kosciusko, Blue Lake”], Australia, New South Wales (state), Blue Lake (lake), Mt. Kosciuszko (mountain) (36º24’15”S, 148º18’54”E) .

Holotype ³ (by original designation) with labels: ( Fig. 3 )

Condition of type: good condition, abdominal apex and genitalia slide mounted and pinned together with the specimen.

Missing parts: apical right flagellomeres.

Comments: Kimmins mentioned in the introduction of the article with the original description: “The recent acquisition by the British Museum of the historic collection of Neuroptera built up by McLachlan, and also the types and many of the specimens of Neuroptera from the Tillyard collection”. The holotype was collected by Tillyard (Robert “Robin” John Tillyard) and was part of Tillyard’s collection, which was donated to the NHM by Mrs Patricia “Pattie” Tillyard in 1939.

Original combination: Kempynus falcatus Navás, 1912: 193

Current combination: Kempynus falcatus Navás, 1912

Type locality: [“ Chile. Meelchen”], Chile, Bío-Bío (province), Mulchen (city) (37º43’4”S, 72º14’14”W). Holotype ♀ (by monotypy) with labels: ( Fig. 4 )

Condition of type: good condition, basal costal region of left hindwing with glue, abdominal apex and genitalia slide mounted and pinned together with the specimen.

Missing parts: flagellomeres of both antennae.

Comments: In the original description, Navás mentioned that the locality of the specimen is “ Chile. Meelchen”, however in the original label of locality is possible to read “Mulchen”, probably Navás confused the letter “u” with “ee”.

The specimen was collected by Mr. Henry John Elwes (1846–1922) (see label), a British botanist, entomologist, traveler and renowned collector.

Original combination: Osmylus incisus McLachlan, 1863: 112

Current combination: Kempynus incisus ( McLachlan, 1863)

Type locality: [“ N. Zeal. (Auckland)”], New Zealand, Auckland (district), Auckland (city) (36º50’26”S, 174º44’24”E) .

Lectotype ³ (by explicit designation, as “type” or “typus”) with labels: ( Fig. 5 )

Condition of type: good condition, abdominal apex and genitalia slide mounted and pinned together with the specimen.

Missing parts: right flagellomeres, apical left flagellomeres, posterior left tarsomeres.

Comments: Kimmins (1940) erroneously designated a specimen from Auckland as the holotype, however in the original description McLachlan used specimens of his collection and from the collection of the Natural History Museum (then “British Museum”) and did not designate a holotype. Thus following ICZN Article 74.6 the “ holotype ” of Kimmins (1940) is in fact a lectotype by explicit designation of “ holotype ” ( Fig. 5 ) from Auckland and his three “ paratypes ” are paralectotypes, one from Auckland ( NHMUK010594889 ) and two from Otago ( NHMUK010594815 ; NHMUK01059482 ) .

McLachlan, in his article of 1894 mentioned that he received material from his friend George Vernon Hudson (including specimens from this species), who was a New Zealand postal clerk, artist and entomologist ( Salmon 1946). In the same article McLachlan mentioned he had specimens of K. incisus (then Spilosmylus incisus ) from Otago, Waitara and Wellington, and that according to Mr. Hudson it is rare in the neighbourhood of Wellington. The specimen was part of a collection purchased from “Captain Stevens” in 1860.

Original combination: Osmylus longipennis Walker, 1853: 235

Current combination: Kempynus longipennis ( Walker, 1853)

Type locality: [“ New Holland ”], Australia (no further locality data).

Holotype (sex undetermined) (by monotypy) with labels: ( Fig. 6 )

Condition of type: bad condition, many missing parts, mesonotum with glue, right wings has been removed and slide mounted, left wings damaged mainly in the apical region.

Missing parts: right flagellomeres, left antenna, anterior left femur, anterior left tibia, anterior left tarsomeres, medial left tarsomeres, and abdomen.

Comments: There is a printed label “Australasia”and a manuscript label “ O. longipennis Australian ” not in Walker’s handwriting, however in the original description the type locality is mentioned as “ New Holland ”.

Original combination: Stenosmylus citrinus McLachlan, 1873: 38

Current combination: Kempynus citrinus ( McLachlan, 1873)

Type locality: [“ New Zealand ”], New Zealand (no further locality data).

Holotype ♀ (by implicit monotypy) with labels: ( Fig. 7 )

Condition of type: good condition.

Missing parts: there are no missing parts.

Comments: In the article with the original description, Mclachlan mentioned that much of the material utilized was received from several entomologists, including his friend Richard William Fereday (c.1820–1899) who was a lawyer, entomologist and artist ( Teara 2020).

Mclachlan also mentioned that he received material from Mr. H. Edwards, probably Henry Edwards (18301891) who was an English entomologist, writer and stage actor ( Beutenmuller 1891). According to McLachlan the specimens (including this holotype) have no specific localities, only New Zealand. The specimen was part of the large McLachlan collection purchased from the nephew of Robert McLachlan in 1938.

Original combination: Stenosmylus latiusculus McLachlan, 1894: 241

Current combination: Kempynus latiusculus ( McLachlan, 1894)

Type locality: [“ Otira Gorge”], New Zealand, Westland district (district), Otira Gorge (city) (42º52’05”S, 171º33’00”E) .

Holotype ♀ (by original designation) with labels: ( Fig. 8 )

Condition of type: good condition, right hindwing is glued on the metathorax, abdominal apex and genitalia slide mounted and pinned together with the specimen.

Missing parts: right flagellomeres, medial right leg, posterior right leg.

Comments: McLachlan mentioned in his original description that he was in debt to Mr. George Vernon Hudson, from Wellington, for several specimens utilized in that work, so probably the specimen above was sent by Hudson. The specimen was collected at light, as mentioned in the label “Otira gorge, on window at light”. In the original description McLachlan also mention that there is another female specimen without special indication of locality, possibly from Greymouth. The specimen was part of the large McLachlan collection purchased from the nephew of Robert McLachlan in 1938.

Original combination: Stenosmylus stellae McLachlan, 1899: 259

Current combination: Euosmylus stellae ( McLachlan, 1899)

Type locality: [“ Wainuiomata River, about 17 miles from Wellington, New Zealand ”], New Zealand, near Wellington (city) (41°15′41″S 174°57′3″E )), Wainuiomata River (river) .

Lectotype ♀ (by explicit designation, as “type” or “typus”) with labels: ( Fig. 9 )

Condition of type: good condition, apex of right hindwing damaged.

Missing parts: right flagellomeres, posterior left tibia, posterior left tarsomeres.

Comments: McLachlan examined four specimens in the original description and he did not make clear the existence of a holotype, thus the four specimens examined by this author are syntypes, however Kimmins (1940) cited a “type” (one female with type label) in his article, which is the lectotype ( Fig. 9 ) by explicit designation as “type” (article 74.6 of ICZN), and the other three specimens ( NHMUK010594202 ; NHMUK010594188 ; NHMUK010594626 ), despite having a paratype labels, are in fact paralectotypes.

In the original description Mclachlan mentioned his debt to Mr. George Vernon Hudson, from Wellington, for the specimens used to describe this species and their variations, and named this species after Mr. Hudson’s daughter. The specimen was part of the large McLachlan collection purchased from the nephew of Robert McLachlan in 1938.

Original combination: Stenosmylus stellae variation connexus McLachlan, 1899: 259

Current combination: Euosmylus stellae ( McLachlan, 1899)

Type locality: [“ Wainuiomata River, about 17 miles from Wellington, New Zealand ”], New Zealand, near Wellington (city) (41°15′41″S 174°57′3″E), Wainuiomata River (river) .

Lectotype ³ (by explicit designation, as “type” or “typus”) with labels: ( Fig. 10 )

Condition of type: good condition, apex of right hindwing damaged.

Missing parts: there are no missing parts.

Comments: McLachlan examined two specimens in the original description and did not make clear the existence of a holotype, thus the two specimens examined by this author are syntypes, however Kimmins (1940) cited a “type” (one male with type label), which is considered the lectotype ( Fig. 10 ) by explicit designation as “type” (article 74.6 of ICZN), and the other specimen ( NHMUK010595114 ), despite having a paratype label, is in fact a paralectotype.

MacLachlan mentions in the original description “I see no reason to doubt that all the examples before me belong to the same species. Mr. Hudson is also of that opinion. The forms above described represent extreme and intermediate conditions, which in all probability could be connected in a long series; but it seemed advisable to apply varietal names.” Added to this the author used the term “var.”, which express an infrasubspecific entity, according to article 45.6.4.

This variation is considered junior synonym of Euosmylus stellae ( McLachlan, 1899) , see Oswald (2020). The specimen was probably collected by Mr. George Vernon Hudson friend of McLachlan. The specimen was part of the large McLachlan collection purchased from the nephew of Robert McLachlan in 1938.

Original combination: Stenosmylus stellae variation obliteratus McLachlan, 1899: 260

Current combination: Euosmylus stellae ( McLachlan, 1899)

Type locality: [“ Wainuiomata River, about 17 miles from Wellington, New Zealand ”], New Zealand, near Wellington (city) (41°15′41″S 174°57′3″E), Wainuiomata River (river) .

Lectotype ³ (by explicit designation, as “type” or “typus”) with labels: ( Fig. 11 )

Condition of type: good condition.

Missing parts: medial left tarsomeres.

Comments: McLachlan examined four specimens in the original description and did not make clear the existence of a holotype, thus the four specimens examined by this author are syntypes, however Kimmins (1940) cited a “type” (one male with type label) in his article, which is the lectotype ( Fig. 11 ) by explicit designation as “type” (article 74.6 of ICZN), and the other specimens ( NHMUK010595397 ; NHMUK010594931 ; NHMUK010595373 ), despite having paratype labels, are in fact paralectotypes.

MacLachlan mentions in the original description “I see no reason to doubt that all the examples before me belong to the same species. Mr. Hudson is also of that opinion. The forms above described represent extreme and intermediate conditions, which in all probability could be connected in a long series; but it seemed advisable to apply varietal names.” Added to this the author used the term “var.”, which express an infrasubspecific entity, according to article 45.6.4.

This variation is considered junior synonym of Euosmylus stellae ( McLachlan, 1899) , see Oswald (2020). The specimen was probably collected by Mr. George Vernon Hudson, friend of McLachlan. The specimen was part of the large McLachlan collection purchased from the nephew of Robert McLachlan in 1938.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Holotype of Australysmus lacustris Kimmins, 1940 (NHMUK010594191, male). Labels: (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) printed with handwritten inscriptions on faded white paper: “MT. Kosciusko, Blue Lake./ 1.2.1930/ R.J. Tillyard.”; (3) printed with handwritten inscriptions on faded white paper: “Australysmus lacustris ³ Kimmins/ det. D.E. Kimmins.”; (4) printed on faded white paper: “Brit. Mus. 1939-45.”; (5) printed on white paper: “NH- MUK010594191/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 4. Holotype of Kempynus falcatus Navás, 1912 (NHMUK010594052, female). Labels: (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) printed with handwritten inscriptions on faded white paper: “Chile. /Mulchen/ Jan.1902. H.J. Elwes.”; (3) handwritten on faded white paper: “Kempynus falcatus Nav.”; (4) printed on white paper: “BMNH(E)1239056”; (5) printed on white paper: “NHMUK010594052/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 5. Lectotype of Osmylus incisus McLachlan, 1863 (NHMUK010593292, male). Labels: (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) handwritten inscriptions on faded white paper: “excisus McL. type.”; (3) handwritten on blue circular paper: “Auckland N. Zeal”/ handwritten on the reverse side of the same paper: “60 73” [B.M. 1860-73]; (4) printed with handwritten inscriptions on faded white paper: “Osmylus (?) incisus McL. ³/ det, D.E. Kimmins./ Type.”; (5) printed on white paper: “NHMUK010593292/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 6. Holotype of Osmylus longipennis Walker, 1853 (NHMUK010596213, sex undetermined). Labels: A) (1) printed on white circular paper with a green edge: “Type”; (2) printed on faded white paper: “Australasia”; (3) handwritten on faded white paper: “O. longipennis australian”; (4) printed with handwritten inscriptions on faded white paper: “Kempynus longipennis Walk./ det. D.E. Kimmins.”; (5) printed with handwritten inscriptions on faded white paper: “See Slide No. 154/ D.E. Kimmins.”; (6) printed on white paper: “NMHUK010596213/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”; B) (1) printed with handwritten inscriptions on white paper with red bounds: “Kempynus (Osmylus) longipennis Walk/ R. wings/ Type. Dry”; (2) handwritten on white paper: “Australia.”; (3) printed on white paper: “NHMUK010110648/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 7. Holotype of Stenosmylus citrinus McLachlan, 1873 (NHMUK010594387, female). Labels: (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) printed on pink paper: “Type”; (3) handwritten on blue paper: “New Zealand”; (4) handwritten on white paper: “Stenosmylus citrinus McL.”; (5) printed on blue paper: “McLachlan Coll. B.M. 1938-674.”; (6) printed on white paper: “NHMUK010594387/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 8. Holotype of Stenosmylus latiusculus McLachlan, 1894 (NHMUK010594403, female). (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) printed on pink paper: “Type”; (3) handwritten on faded white paper: “Otira gorge on window as light/ New Zealand”; (4) handwritten on faded white paper: “Stenosmylus latiusculus, McL.”; (5) printed on blue paper: “McLachlan Coll. B.M. 1938-674.”; (6) printed on white paper: “NHMUK010594403/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 9. Lectotype of Stenosmylus stellae McLachlan, 1899 (NHMUK010594388, female). Labels: (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) printed on pink paper: “Type”; (3) handwritten on white paper: “Wainuiomata R./ N.Z. Hudson.”; (4) handwritten on faded white paper: “57”; (5) handwritten on faded white paper: “Stenosmylus stellae, MLach”; (6) printed on blue paper: “McLachlan Coll. B.M. 1938-674.”; (7) printed on white paper: “NHMUK010594388/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 10. Lectotype of Stenosmylus stellae variation connexus McLachlan, 1899 (NHMUK010594394, male). Labels: (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) printed on pink paper: “Type”; (3) handwritten on faded white paper: “Wainuiomata R./ N.Z. Hudson.”; (4) handwritten on white paper: “14+”; (5) handwritten on faded white paper: “Stenosmylus stellae, McL. var. connexus”; (6) printed on blue paper: “McLachlan Coll. B.M. 1938-674.”; (7) printed on white paper: “NH- MUK010594394/ one one datamatrix barcode”.

FIGURE 11. Lectotype of Stenosmylus stellae variation obliteratus McLachlan, 1899 (NHMUK010594276, male). Labels: (1) printed on white circular paper with a red edge: “Type”; (2) printed on pink paper: “Type”; (3) handwritten on faded white paper: “Wainuiomata R./ N.Z. Hudson.”; (4) handwritten on faded white paper: “14”; (5) handwritten on faded white paper: “Stenosmylus stellae, McL. var. obliteratus”; (6) printed on blue paper: “McLachlan Coll. B.M. 1938-674.”; (7) printed on white paper: “NHMUK010594276/ also encoded in one datamatrix barcode”.