Janiopsis vindobonensis, Harzhauser & Landau, 2024

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2024, The Colubrariidae, Eosiphonidae, Melongenidae, Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 5427 (1), pp. 1-110 : 47-49

Janiopsis vindobonensis nov. sp.

Figs 15G , 24A–C

Murex angulosus Brocc. — Hauer 1837: 418 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Murex angulosus Brocc. — Hörnes 1848: 18 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Murex angulosus Brocc. —Hörnes 1853: 237, pl. 25, figs 1a–b [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Jania angulosa (Brocch.) — Bellardi 1873: 148, pl. 11, fig. 5 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Jania maxillosa Bon. —Hoernes & Auinger 1885: 230, pl. 27, figs 11–12 [non Janiopsis maxillosa ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) ].

Jania maxillosa (Bon.) — Boettger 1902: 33 [non Janiopsis maxillosa ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) ].

Jania maxillosa (Bon.) — Boettger 1906: 32 [non Janiopsis maxillosa ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) ].

? Janiopsis angulosa (Brocchi) — Peyrot 1925: 197, pl. 4, figs 59–60.

J [aniopsis]. maxillosa (Bon.) — Sieber 1958: 151 [non Janiopsis maxillosa ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) ].

J [aniopsis]. angulosa (Brocchi) — Sieber 1958: 151 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

? Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi 1814) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 174, pl. 44, figs 2a–b [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) — Atanacković 1969: 205, pl. 10, fig. 11 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Janiopsis angulosa (Brocchi) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1969: 86, pl. 4, figs 7–8 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Janiopsis angulosa (Br.) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1970: 270, pl. 3, figs 1, 3 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Janiopsis angulosa (Br.) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 29, pl. 11, figs 21–22 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) — Atanacković 1985: 150, pl. 34, figs 1–2 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) — Kovács 2022: 90, figs 84–85 [non Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

Type material. Holotype: NHMW 1850 /0009/0002, SL: 35.8 mm, MD: 16.3 mm, Baden ( Austria), Hörnes (1853: pl. 25, fig 1), Figs 15G , 24B 1 –B 2 . Paratypes: NHMW 1876 /0010/0029, SL: 50.0 mm , MD: 20.8 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1885; pl. 27, figs 11), Figs 24A 1 –A 2 . NHMW 1855 /0045/0399, SL: 34.4 mm , MD: 16.7 mm, Bad Vöslau ( Austria), Figs 24C .

Additional material. 5 spec., NHMW 2023 /0355/0001, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1851 /0013/0094, Enzesfeld ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/1208, Möllersdorf ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1853 /0003/0118, Forchtenau ( Austria) .

Type locality. Baden ( Austria), Vienna Basin .

Type stratum. Silty clay of the Baden Formation.

Age. Middle Miocene, middle Badenian (Langhian).

Etymology. Referring to the city of Vienna ( Austria).

Diagnosis. Medium-sized, moderately slender fusiform shell with moderately incised suture, broad conical protoconch of three smooth whorls, early teleoconch whorls with ten axial ribs, relatively strong spiral sculpture, apertural armature typical for genus.

Description. Medium-sized, moderately slender fusiform of up to six teleoconch whorls with moderately incised suture; apical angle ~50°. Large, broad conical protoconch of three smooth, convex whorls, diameter: 1200 μm, height: 900 μm. Early teleoconch whorls strongly convex with periphery slightly below mid-whorl. Sculpture of prominent axial ribs (ten ribs on first teleoconch whorl), separated by slightly wider interspaces, overrun by three spiral cords on subsutural ramp, two more prominent spiral cords along periphery and two weaker spiral cords at abapical suture. Later teleoconch whorls faintly shouldered, with broad, weakly convex subsutural ramp and rounded periphery, axial ribs broadening and weakening adapically over subsutural ramp, spiral sculpture of cords of primary to tertiary strength, with very fine, lamellar growth lines in interspaces. Last whorl attaining ~65% of total height, with concave subsutural ramp, roundly angled at shoulder, moderately constricted at base, bearing 9–10 axial ribs, most prominent mid-whorl, fading over base, and about 12 primary cords below shoulder, with one secondary and two tertiaries intercalated in each interspace; fasciole indistinct, broad, bearing a further five spiral cords. Aperture moderately narrow, elongate ovate. Columella strongly excavated in upper half; transition to siphonal canal angled with prominent denticle. Anal canal narrow U-shaped, accentuated by prominent parietal denticle and even larger anal denticle. Columellar callus forming broad rim, sharply delimited from base, thinner in parietal area. Outer lip thickened slightly behind sharp peristome, bearing three large denticles close behind peristome, decreasing in strength abapically. Distance between anal denticle and adapical denticle of outer lip usually slightly wider than between other denticles. Siphonal canal long, relatively wide, slightly deflected to the left.

Discussion. This species was confused with Janiopsis angulosa ( Brocchi, 1814) by most authors, but differs from the Late Miocene to Pliocene Italian species in its protoconch. Janiopsis angulosa has only two protoconch whorls and a less pointed nucleus. We note that Brunetti & Della Bella (2016: 25) described 2.5 protoconch whorls. However, their figure (2016, fig. 16H) suggests a maximum of just over two whorls. In any case, it has about one whorl less than the Paratethyan species. In addition, Janiopsis angulosa has fewer and more widely spaced axial ribs on the first two teleoconch whorls (see Brunetti & Della Bella 2016: 27, fig. 16H). Nevertheless, Janiopsis angulosa is closely related to J. vindobonensis nov. sp. Their protoconch morphologies suggest that there has been a shortening of the planktotrophic stage over time.

Janiopsis maxillosa ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) , from the Burdigalian of the Colli Torinesi ( Italy), differs in its much broader outline and weaker spiral sculpture (see Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981: pl. 5, fig. 4).

Specimens from the early Badenian of Grund ( Austria), illustrated by Hoernes & Auinger (1885: 231, pl. 27, figs 13–14) as Jania angulosa , differ by the presence of about 8–10 denticles in the outer lip and are neither conspecific with Janiopsis vindobonensis nor with J. angulosa . Unfortunately, the specimens are lost and their systematic status remains unclear. Herein, these specimens are discussed as Prodotia ? sp.

Paleoenvironment. The occurrences in the Baden Formation at Baden, Bad Vöslau and Möllersdorf in the Vienna Basin suggest middle to outer neritic environments in up to 250 m water depth ( Kranner et al. 2021).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Vienna Basin: Baden, Bad Vöslau and Möllersdorf ( Austria) (hoc opus); Bükk Mountains: Balaton, Borsodbóta ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1970, 1972); Southern Pannonian Basin: Hrvaćani ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) (Hoernes & Auinger 1885); Dacian Basin: Staropatica ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Northeastern Atlantic: Specimens from the Langhian of Saubrigues in the Aquitaine Basin ( France), described by Peyrot (1925) as Janiopsis angulosa might represent a northeastern Atlantic record of J. vindobonensis but we have not seen French specimens and have no information on the protoconch (see Peyrot 1925: 197, pl. 4, figs 59–60).

Genus Monostiolum Dall, 1904

Type species. Triton swifti Tryon, 1881 [= Monostiolum tessellatum ( Reeve, 1844) ], original designation by Dall (1904: 136). Present-day, Western Atlantic.

Original diagnosis. “ Shell small, with elevated spire and a single terminal varix: nucleus with the protoconch immersed in the nepionic whorl leaving an apical pit; next later whorls axially ribbed, the ribs obsolete on the subsequent whorls of the adult; […] sutures appressed.” ( Dall 1904: 136).

Included European Neogene species. Triton varians Michelotti, 1847 , Burdigalian/Langhian (Early/Middle Miocene), Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Philbertia hungarica Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1954 , Langhian/Badenian (Middle Miocene), Central Paratethys Sea; Monostiolum sp. , Serravallian (Middle Miocene), Proto-Mediterranean Sea ( Landau et al. 2013).

Discussion. Watters & Finlay (1989: 48) provided a slightly more detailed diagnosis emphasizing the blunt protoconch of 1.5 whorls, weak denticles in the outer lip and a denticle delimiting the anal canal. The presence of this genus in the Miocene of the Proto-Mediterranean Sea was already documented by Landau et al. (2013: 169), based on a specimen from the Serravallian of Turkey. Those authors discussed a placement of ‘ Pollia varians’ sensu Hoernes & Auinger, 1890 [= Monostiolum hungaricum ( Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1954) in Monostiolum . Doubts remained, because extant species of Monostiolum are restricted to the Western Atlantic ( Watters & Finlay 1989) and because the specimen from the Serravallian of Turkey lacked the typical parietal denticle of Monostiolum . Herein, we tentatively follow Landau et al. (2013) for the Paratethyan species described below as Monostiolum hungaricum ( Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1954) due to its general similarity with extant Monostiolum species.

All Monostiolum species described by Watters & Finlay (1989) have blunt paucispiral protoconchs, whereas the Paratethyan species has a high conical protoconch of three whorls. Protoconch features, however, may vary within a genus and should not be used as sole feature to separate genera. In addition, the Paratethyan species lacks a prominent anal denticle (typical for most Monostiolum species) and has a very prominent denticle on the columella at the transition to the siphonal canal (atypical for most Monostiolum species). Nevertheless, a weak to subobsolete anal denticle and a relatively prominent columellar denticle occur is some extant Western Atlantic species, such as Monostiolum auratum Watters & Finlay, 1989 , Monostiolum rosewateri Watters & Finlay, 1989 and Monostiolum fumosum Watters, 2009 (see Watters & Finlay 1989; Watters 2009).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Measurements for shell morphology; AA: apical angle, SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height, AL: aperture length, AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 2. Colubraria subobscura (Hoernes & Auinger, 1884). A1–A3. NHMW 1854/0035/0170, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018a, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C3. NHMW 1865/0001/0183, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). D1–D2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018b, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). E1–E3. NHMW 1874/0025/0021, lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). F1–F2. NHMW 2023/0338/0001, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 15. Protoconchs of Paratethyan Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae. A. Aplus moravicus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1862/0029/0034, lectotype, Rudice u Blanska (Czech Republic). B. Aplus subpusillus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1866/0001/1066, paralectotype, Forchtenau (Austria). C. Aplus transsylvanicus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1873/0026/0019b, lectotype. D. Aplus zebus (De Gregorio, 1885a), NHMW 1855/0045/0439, Gainfarn (Austria). E. Aplus anatolicus nov. sp. RGM 784 005, paratype, Seyithasan (Turkey). F. Hilda transsylvanica (Hoernes & Auinger, 1884), NHMW 1876/0011/0023a, lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).G. Janiopsis vindobonensis nov. sp., NHMW 1850/0009/0002, holotype, Baden (Austria). H. Monostiolum hungaricum (Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1954), NHMW 1868/0001/0094, Steinebrunn (Austria). I. Dianthiphos klaudiae (Kovács & Vicián, 2023), NHMW1846/0037/0144a, Steinebrunn (Austria). J. Euthria obelixi nov. sp., NHMW 1865/0015/0060, holotype, Lysice (Czech Republic). K. Tethyspollia mariae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1868/0001/0441, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 24. Janiopsis vindobonensis nov. sp. A1–A2. NHMW 1876/0010/0029, paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B2. NHMW 1850/0009/0002, holotype, Baden (Austria). C. NHMW 1855/0045/0399, paratype, Bad Vöslau (Austria).