Philaethria andrei andrei Brevignon, 2002

Constantino, Luis Miguel & Salazar, Julian A., 2010, A review of the Philaethria dido species complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) and description of three new sibling species from Colombia and Venezuela, Zootaxa 2720, pp. 1-27 : 15-16

Philaethria andrei andrei Brevignon, 2002 .

( Figs. 18, 19 )

Lambillionea CII (4): 469–473

Type locality. Carapa, Macouria, French Guyana. Type: (LCB): Holotype male: illustrated in Brevignon, 2002: 470, figs. 5–8 and figs. 18,19 in this paper.

Diagnosis. Forewing length 51 mm in males and 57 mm in females. P. andrei andrei is distinguished from P. dido and P. o s t a r a by the VHW outer submarginal band brown; VHW submarginal band brown and wide (very narrow in P. o s t a r a), inner postdiscal band black, medial postdiscal band brown with scattered gray scales. FW anal cell bar black. HW postcellular spots 1–3 small.

Haploid chromosome number: n=12 (voucher specimen fig.20). Additional material examined from French Guiana ( Brevignon 2002), Venezuela (Delta del Amacuro) Brazil (Pará, Marajó island) (Suoamalainen & Brown, 1984)

Male genitalia ( Fig. 38 ): As illustrated. Saccus short and straight, vinculum stout, slightly curved and swollen, tegumen rounded distally without setae; uncus long and straight, tapering gradually to pointed tip; gnathos long and curved distally; valvae with a long basal hook, reaching the tip of the uncus; valvae with a swollen arm with a round head armed with microspines all over; aedeagus long and straight, tapering gadually to pointed tip.

Distribution and habitat. P. andrei andrei is restricted to rainforest habitats in the lower Amazon basin ( Guiana shield from Venezuela (El Manteco, Bolivar) down to French Guiana (Carapa, Macouria), extending south along the coast to northern Pará (Island of Marajó, Brazil) between 100– 200 m. P. andrei andrei flies sympatrically with P. dido dido .

Host plants. Passiflora laurifolia (Passifloraceae) in French Guiana ( Brevignon 2002)

Immature stages. Brevignon (2002) illustrates the egg, larva and pupa of P. andrei from French Guiana. Eggyellow, 1.6 mm high and 1.2 mm in diameter, with 22 vertical and 12 horizontal ridges, laid singly on tendrils. Mature larva - body white cream with black marking on dorsum and sides; base of each scoli with orange fused together forming small orange bands. Scoli large and orange with black tips; head capsule beige and head scoli black. Pupa ( Fig. 42 k)- shape like P. dido but with wing pads light brown, mottled with white. Abdomen with a lateral brown band from the cremaster to the first segment; abdomen with four pairs of keels; thorax with 4 dorsal gold reflective dots.

Material examined. FRENCH GUIANA: MACOURIA: Carapa, 100m, C. Brevignon leg. (LCB); Larivot, 100 m, C. Brevignon leg. (LCB). VENEZUELA: BOLIVAR: El Manteco, 100 m, K. S. Brown leg. ( KSB), BRAZIL: PARA: Souré, Illha de Marajó, Amazon river, K.S. Brown leg. ( KSB)( Suomalainen & Brown, 1984)

Figures

FIGURES 12 - 21. 12. P. pygmalion metaensis, ssp. nov., 3 Holotype. Rio Ariari, Meta, Colombia. 13. P. neildi neildi, sp. nov., 3 Holotype. Barinas, Venezuela. 14. P. neildi neildi, sp. nov., Ƥ Allotype. Barinas, Venezuela. 15. P. neildi winhardi, ssp. nov., 3 Holotype. Sierra Nevada de Sta Marta, Colombia. 16. P. neildi tachiraensis, ssp. nov. Holotype. 3 N. Tamá, Tachira, Venezuela. 17. P. neildi tachiraensis, ssp. nov. Allotype. Ƥ San Cristobal, Tachira, Venezuela. 18. P. andrei andrei, holotype 3 Carapa, Macouria. Fr. Guiana. 19. P. andrei andrei, allotype Ƥ Carapa, Macouria, Fr. Guiana. 20. P. andrei orinocensis, ssp. nov., 3 Holotype. Delta Amacuro, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela. 21. P. ostara araguensis, ssp. nov., Ƥ Allotype. Catica, Aragua, Venezuela.

FIGURES 32 – 41. Male genitalia, with aedeagus removed in lateral view. 32. P. diatonica. 33. P. dido 34. P. constantinoi. 35. P. wernickei. 36. P. pygmalion. 37. P. neildi. 38. P. andrei. 39. P. o s t a r a. 40. P. browni. 41. P. romeroi. Scale line 1 mm.

FIGURE 42. A, B. P. dido dido, Rio Madre de Dios, Perú. C. P. dido dido, Mato Grosso Brazil. D. mating of P. diatonica. E – F. Larva of P. dido chocoensis, Colombia. G – H. Larva of P. pygmalion, Villavicencio, Colombia. I. egg of P. dido chocoensis. J. Pupa of P. dido dido, Villavicencio, Colombia. K. Pupa of P. andrei, Fr. Guiana. L. Larva of P. diatonica, ACG Guanacaste, Costa Rica. M. Passiflora vitifolia, host plant of P. dido chocoensis, Rio Anchicayá, Colombia. Photos: Adrian Hoskins, H. Koloska, Gill Carter, B. Jimenez, Gregory Nielsen, Daniel Janzen, Christian Brevignon, Fredy Montero, Luis M. Constantino.