Sinopoda tumefacta, Zhong & Jäger & Chen & Liu, 2019

Zhong, Yang, Jäger, Peter, Chen, Jian & Liu, Jie, 2019, Taxonomic study of Sinopoda spiders from China (Araneae: Sparassidae), Zootaxa 4607 (1), pp. 1-81 : 69

Sinopoda tumefacta sp. nov.

Figs 53–55 , 62

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:03F20B46-5D77-40CE-92D8-B3BEA3360D01

Type material. Holotype male: CHINA: Yunnan Province : Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe, Gejiu City , Pingbian County, Daweishan Scenic Area , 22.92°N, 103.70°E, 2060 m, native forest, 27 October 2015, Y. Zhong & Y. Zhu leg. (CBEE). Paratypes: 10 males, 12 females, with same data as holotype ( CBEE) ; 2 males and 1 female ( CBEE) , 1 male and 1 female ( SMF) , Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe , Gejiu City, Laoyinshan Scenic Area, 23.36°N, 103.16°E, 1955 m, native forest, 29 October 2015, Y. Zhong & Y. Zhu leg.

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective tumefactus, - a, - um, meaning “swollen” referring to the retrolateral tibial apophysis swollen.

Diagnosis. This new species resembles S. yanlingensis sp. nov. ( Figs 59 A–E, 60A–D, 61A–B) in having a filiform embolus with a reduced embolic apophysis and epigyne with almost identically structured lobal septum, lateral lobes and epigynal pockets, but can be separated by: 1. Male palp with dorsal RTA wide, well developed and dorsally bulging (narrow, finger-like in S. yanlingensis ); 2. Female vulva with glandular appendages long, posterior parts of spermathecae slightly swollen (glandular appendages short, posterior parts of spermathecae distinctly swollen in S. yanlingensis ); 3. Internal ducts diverging strongly anteriorly and posteriorly (strongly fusing with each other in S. yanlingensis ).

Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: PL 7.3, PW 6.6; AW 3.1; OL 8.4, OW 4.3. Eyes: AME 0.27, ALE 0.44, PME 0.34, PLE 0.51, AME–AME 0.26, AME–ALE 0.09, PME–PME 0.34, PME–PLE 0.52, AME–PME 0.48, ALE–PLE 0.47, CH AME 0.20, CH ALE 0.27. Spination: Palp: 131, 101, 1021; Fe: I–III 323, IV 331; Pa: I–IV 101; Ti: I 2026, II–IV 2326; Mt: I–II 1014, III 2026, IV 3136. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 12.9 (4.4, 1.9, 2.7, –, 3.9); I 39.6 (10.2, 3.4, 11.9, 12.6, 3.6); II 42.8 (11.3, 3.4, 11.9, 12.6, 3.6); III 33.0 (9.1, 3.0, 9.1, 8.9, 2.9); IV 37.0 (10.1, 3.0, 9.8, 10.5, 3.6). Leg formula: II-I-IV-III. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior, 4 posterior teeth and ca. 28 denticles.

Palp as in diagnosis. Cymbium distinctly longer than tibia. Embolus arising from tegulum at 5-o’clock-position, with embolus tip distinctly longer than embolic apophysis, almost straight, retrolatero-distad. Tegulum covering proximal and median part of embolus. Spermophor distinctly curved in ventral view. RTA arising distally to medially from tibia, its base with distinct brush of stiff setae ( Figs 53 A–C, 54A–D).

Colouration in ethanol. Dorsal prosoma yellowish-brown, with dark and yellow submarginal transversal band posteriorly. Fovea and radial furrows distinctly marked. Labium and gnathocoxae yellowish-brown, both with distal parts lighter. Sternum yellowish-brown. Chelicerae deep reddish-brown. Legs yellowish-brown with dark spots. Dorsal opisthosoma reddish-brown, covered by brown hairs, with three pairs of dark patches laterally and one dark transversal band above spinnerets. Ventral opisthosoma brown, covered by brown hairs ( Figs 54 E–F).

Female: Measurements: PL 8.4, PW 7.2; AW 4.5; OL 10.1, OW 6.3. Eyes: AME 0.31, ALE 0.46, PME 0.35, PLE 0.49, AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.13, PME–PME 0.49, PME–PLE 0.64, AME–PME 0.59, ALE–PLE 0.70, CH AME 0.40, CH ALE 0.47. Spination: Palp: 131, 101, 2121, 1014; Fe: I–III 323, IV 321; Pa: I–IV 101; Ti: I–III 2026, IV 2126; Mt: I–II 1014, III 2026, IV 3036. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 12.0 (3.8, 1.8, 2.5, –, 3.9); I 31.3 (8.5, 3.3, 8.8, 8.1, 2.6); II 32.9 (9.2, 3.5, 9.5, 8.4, 2.3); III 29.1 (8.4, 3.3, 7.9, 7.0, 2.5); IV 32.0 (9.0, 2.8, 8.5, 8.7, 3.0). Leg formula: II-IV-I-III. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior, 4 posterior teeth and ca. 32 denticles.

Copulatory organ as in diagnosis. Epigynal field wider than long, with short anterior bands. Lateral lobes fused, with wide median incision and posterior margin distinctly bilobed. Lobal septum gradually wider from the anterior to the posterior. Glandular appendages extending into posterior half of internal duct system. Fertilization ducts arising posterio-laterally. Membranous sac between fertilization ducts rectangular ( Figs 53 D–E, 55A–B).

Colouration in ethanol. As in males, but prosoma dorsally darker and rich in contrast ( Figs 55 C–D).

Distribution. China (Yunnan) ( Fig. 62 ).

Figures

FIGURES 53. Sinopoda tumefacta sp. nov., holotype male and paratype female from Daweishan Scenic Area. A–C Left male palp (A prolateral, B ventral, C retrolateral); D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal. AB—anterior bands, C—conductor, dRTAdorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, E—embolus, EA—embolic apophysis, FD—fertilization duct, GA—glandular appendage, LL—lateral lobes, LS—lobal septum, MS—membranous sac, PP—posterior part of spermathecae, SP—spermophor, ST—subtegulum, T—tegulum, vRTA—ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 54. Sinopoda tumefacta sp. nov., holotype male from Daweishan Scenic Area. A–C Left male palp (A prolateral, B ventral, C retrolateral); D Left male palpal tibia, retrolateral; E–F Male habitus (E dorsal, F ventral). Scale bars: A–D 0.5 mm, E–F 2 mm.

FIGURES 55. Sinopoda tumefacta sp. nov., paratype female from Daweishan Scenic Area.A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C–D Female habitus (C dorsal, D ventral). Scale bars: A–B 0.5 mm; C–D 2 mm.

FIGURES 59. Sinopoda yanlingensis sp. nov., holotype male and paratype female from Shenlonggu Forest Park. A–C Left male palp (A prolateral, B ventral, C retrolateral); D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal. AB—anterior bands, C—conductor, dRTA—dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, E—embolus, EA—embolic apophysis, FD—fertilization duct, GA—glandular appendage, LL—lateral lobes, LS—lobal septum, MS—membranous sac, PP—posterior part of spermathecae, SP—spermophor, ST—subtegulum, T—tegulum, vRTA—ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 62. Locality records for twenty-two species of Sinopoda: 1. S. abstrusa sp. nov. (Xizang); 2. S. aequalis sp. nov. (Henan); 3. S. apiculiformis sp. nov. (Hunan); 4, 5. S. brevis sp. nov. (Liaoning); 6, 7. S. changde sp. nov. (Hunan, Shaanxi); 8. S. columnaris sp. nov. (Guizhou); 9. S. curva sp. nov. (Guangxi); 10. S. dehiscens sp. nov. (Hunan); 11. S. erromena sp. nov. (Hunan); 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. S. globosa Zhang et al., 2015 (Guizhou, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); 25, 26. S. improcera sp. nov. (Yunnan); 27. S. lata sp. nov. (Yunnan); 28. S. liui Zhong et al., 2017 (Fujian); 14, 29, 30. S. longiducta Zhang et al., 2015 (Sichuan, Yunnan); 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41. S. longshan Yin et al., 2000 (Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan); 42, 43. S. luyui sp. nov. (Sichuan, Gansu); 44, 45. S. ovata sp. nov. (Chongqing); 14, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56. S. pengi Song & Zhu, 1999 (Yunnan); 57. S. pyramidalis sp. nov. (Sichuan); 58, 59. S. tumefacta sp. nov. (Yunnan); 14, 26, 29, 30. S. yaanensis sp. nov. (Sichuan, Yunnan); 60. S. yanlingensis sp. nov. (Hunan).