Laboulbenia gyrinicola Speg.

Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, European Journal of Taxonomy 781, pp. 1-425 : 161-162

Laboulbenia gyrinicola Speg.

MB#190613

Fig. 33C–D

Redia 10: 34 ( Spegazzini 1914). –

Type: [Not designated] [Ind. loc.] “Comune specialmente sul margine delle elitre di Gyrinus natator , a Sturla presso Genova, Dodero (Coll. Mus. Civ. Genova, n. 95) e nei fossati dei dintorni di Conegliano, Veneto, sett., ott. e nov. 1912 -13”; LPS. [ Italy]

Diagnostic features

Thallus almost entirely darkened, nearly opaque, except for the somewhat hyaline appendages, lower receptacle and perithecial apex. Cell V obtriangular, large, more than half of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Insertion cell absent, replaced by several rounded small cells giving rise to many crowded branchlets consisting of small, inflated cells, separated by dark and constricted septa. Perithecial apex bearing two horn-like outgrowths, one of them erect and hooked, the other with an arcuate and blunt apex ( Fig. 33D ). [Detailed descriptions: Balazuc 1971b; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998; De Kesel & Werbrouck 2008]

Distribution and hosts

Occurs on Col. Gyrinidae of the genus Gyrinus and, less often, on Aulonogyrus Motschulsky, 1853 ( Balazuc 1990) and Orectochilus Dejean, 1833 ( Majewski 1994b) . Reported from Europe: Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Russia, former Yugoslavia ( Santamaria et al. 1991), Greece ( Castaldo et al. 2004), the Netherlands ( Haelewaters et al. 2012), Bulgaria ( Rossi et al. 2019a), and Austria ( Rossi & Christian 2020); from Northern Africa ( Algeria, Morocco; Maire 1916a); and from Asia ( Yemen; Rossi et al. 2019a). The record from Japan ( Ishikawa 1952) needs confirmation. Records from USA and Argentina included by Majewski (2008) give the impression of a misidentification of L. gyrinidarum Thaxt.

Collections examined from Denmark

On Gyrinus caspius Ménétriés, 1832 (Col. Gyrinidae ) DENMARK – Vestjylland (WJ) • Esbjerg ; 55°29.375′ N, 8°26.363′ E; MG64; 26 May 1919; V. Hansen Dry0154; V. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124220 • Tipperne ; 55°52.452′ N, 8°14.261′ E; MG59; 3 Oct. 1974; E. Rald Dry0155; E. Rald det.; ZMUC C-F-124221

On Gyrinus distinctus Aubé, 1838 (Col. Gyrinidae ) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Borresø ; 56°7.587′ N, 9°36.759′ E; NH32; 6 Sep. 1935; V. Hansen DrY0156; V. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124222 . – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Boelstrøm, Laesø ; 57°17.480′ N, 11°4.936′ E; PJ25; 27 Jul. 1967; Jacobsen Dry0157; M. Holmen det.; ZMUC C-F-124223 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Ellemosen ved Tisvilde ; 56°1.538′ N, 12°6.225′ E; UC11; 1 Sep. 1968; O. Lomholt Dry0158; O. Lomholt det.; ZMUC C-F-124224 . – Vestjylland (WJ) • Nymindegab ; 55°48.831′ N, 8°11.439′ E; MG48; 14 Jun. 1977; V. Mahler Dry0159; V. Mahler det.; ZMUC C-F-124225 .

On Gyrinus marinus Gyllenhal, 1808 (Col. Gyrinidae ) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Gråmyr ved Gudhjem ; 55°12.613′ N, 14°57.843′ E; VB91; 24 Jun. 2018; JP 1142; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123665 . – Østjylland (EJ) • Hald Sø ; 56°22.778′ N, 9°21.101′ E; NH24; 16 May 1942; P. Johnsen DrY0161; P. Johnsen det.; ZMUC C-F-124227 . – Sydjylland (SJ) • Lakolk ; 55°8.325′ N, 8°29.618′ E; MG61; 31 May 2013; JP 106; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122581 , C-F-122582 . – Vestjylland (WJ) • Birkild ; 56°26.196′ N, 8°29.010′ E; MH65; 4 May 2014; O. Mehl DrY0160; O. Mehl det.; ZMUC C-F-124226 .

On Gyrinus paykulli Ochs, 1927 (Col. Gyrinidae ) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Ellemosen ved Tisvilde ; 56°1.538′ N, 12°6.225′ E; UC11; 1 Sep. 1968; O. Lomholt DrY0164; O. Lomholt det.; ZMUC C-F-124230 • Jystrup, Hvidsø ; 55°31.338′ N, 11°51.834′ E; PG85; 31 May 2018; M. Holmen 1393; M. Holmen det.; ZMUC C-F-123936 • Nordhavnstippen på Københavns Nordhavn ; 55°43.091′ N, 12°37.088′ E; UB57; 29 Apr. 2018; JP 1095; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123612 . – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Herlufsholm ; 55°14.687′ N, 11°45.015′ E; PG72; 2 Aug. 1932; V. Hansen DrY0162; V. Hansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124228 . – Vestjylland (WJ) • Nymindegab ; 55°48.831′ N, 8°11.439′ E; MG48; 14 Jun. 1977; V. Mahler DrY0163; V. Mahler det.; ZMUC C-F-124229 .

On Gyrinus substriatus Stephens, 1828 (Col. Gyrinidae ) DENMARK – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Saeby Å ; 57°20.379′ N, 10°29.867′ E; NJ95; Sep. 1883; J.P. Johansen DrY0165; J.P. Johansen det.; ZMUC C-F-124231 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Esrum Å ; 56°3.317′ N, 12°22.381′ E; UC31; 2 Aug. 2018; M. Holmen 1174; M. Holmen det.; ZMUC C-F-123698 • Stasevang ; 55°53.993′ N, 12°27.441′ E; UB49; 10 Aug. 1956; Johs. Petersen DrY0166; Johs. Petersen det.; ZMUC C-F-124232 .

On Gyrinus suffriani Scriba, 1855 (Col. Gyrinidae ) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Skaerså ved Ry ; 56°4.566′ N, 9°46.273′ E; NH41; 15 May 1947; K.O. Leth DrY0167; K.O. Leth; ZMUC C-F-124233 .

Remarks

First record from Denmark. Laboulbenia gyrinicola should be carefully compared with Laboulbenia gyrinidarum Thaxt. , an American species, and especially with Laboulbenia fennica Huldén , the other European species which occurs on Gyrinidae , and with which it sometimes coexists. Laboulbenia gyrinicola and L. fennica may be well-distinguished only because the latter has short and rudimentary perithecial projections. Other characteristics mentioned in the literature for L. fennica are: cell III is longer than IV, and septa III–IV and VI–VII are located almost at the same level. All these characters appear to be very variable, as well as the shape of perithecial projections. Further studies using integrative taxonomy are needed to warrant the distinctiveness of L. fennica . In relation to this it is worth to mention that L. fennica has not been found in Denmark despite the significant quantity of samples reviewed.

On Col. Gyrinidae we know 34 species of Laboulbenia , viz.: L. afrogyri Balazuc ( Balazuc 1975b, on Aulonogyrus from Africa), L. anomala Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Orectogyrus Régimbart, 1884 from Africa), L. aquatica Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Gyretes ? Brullé, 1835 from South America), L. bicornis Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes Macleay, 1825 from Africa and near east Asia), L. birmanica Speg. ( Spegazzini 1915a, on Orectochilus from Burma), L. borealis Speg. ( Spegazzini 1915a, and its synonym L. chaetophora Thaxt. – Thaxter 1905 –, on Gyrinus and Dineutes from Asia, North America and Madagascar), L. coarctata Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Orectochilus from India), L. constricta Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Orectogyrus from Africa), L. crassipes Speg. ( Spegazzini 1915a, on Orectochilus from Burma and India), L. cubensis Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes from USA, Mexico and Cuba), L. dactylophora Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Orectogyrus from Africa), L. denticulata Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes from Australia), L. desgodii Speg. ( Spegazzini 1915a, on Orectogyrus from Africa), L. dineutis Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes from Asia, Papua New Guinea and Africa), L. drepanalis Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Gyretes from Panama and USA), L. fallax Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Gyretes from America), L. fennica Huldén ( Huldén 1983, on Gyrinus from Europe), L. franciscoloi W.Rossi ( Rossi 1986, on Dineutus from Sierra Leone), L. funeralis Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1912a, on several genera of Gyrinidae from America), L. guerinii C.P.Robin ( Robin 1853, on Gyretes from America), L. gyrinicola , L. gyrinidarum Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1892, on Gyrinus from America), L. heterocheila Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Dineutes and Macrogyrus Straneo, 1939 from Indonesia), L. leathsi Speg. ( Spegazzini 1912, on Gyrinus from Chile), L. leptopus Speg. ( Spegazzini 1917, on Gyrinidae from South America), L. oberthuri Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1895, on Orectogyrus from Madagascar), L. orechtochili Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Orechtochilus from Asia), L. orechtochilicola Speg. ( Spegazzini 1915a, on Orechtochilus from Burma), L. pachystoma Speg. ( Spegazzini 1917, on Gyretes from South America), L. rotundata Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1905, on Dineutes from Indonesia), L. satanas Balazuc ( Balazuc 1973c, on Orechtochilus from Philippines), L. songhaiensis W.Rossi ( Rossi 1986, on Aulonogyrus from Sierra Leone), L. strangulata Thaxt. ( Thaxter 1899, on Orechtochilus from Asia), and L. valida Speg. ( Spegazzini 1915a, on Orechtochilus from Celebes).

Figures

Fig. 33. Laboulbenia spp. A–B. L. giardii Cépède & F.Picard. Mature thalli showing dark lower margin of outer appendage (arrows), a diagnostic character. – C–D. L. gyrinicola Speg. C. Mature thallus. D. Perithecial apex with outgrowths in detail. – E–H. L. hyalopoda De Kesel. E–F. Mature thalli. G. Mature thallus accompanied by two young thalli.H. Dark rings (arrows) belonging to the feet of several thalli. Scale bars: A–C, E–G = 50 µm; D, H = 25 µm. Photographs from slides ZMUC C-F-122561 (A–B), ZMUC C-F-123665 (C), ZMUC C-F-123698 (D), ZMUC C-F-122889 (E–F, H), ZMUC C-F-122629 (G).