Paraxantia, Liu, Chun-Xiang & Kang, Le, 2009

Liu, Chun-Xiang & Kang, Le, 2009, A new genus, Paraxantia gen. nov., with descriptions of four new species (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) from China, Zootaxa 2031, pp. 36-52 : 51-52

Key to males of Paraxantia gen. nov. and Xantia

1. Pronotum with posterior margin obtuse, without emargination ( Fig. 65 ); base of posterior tibia is inflated ( Fig. 66 ); tegmen lanceolate, attenuated towards both sides from middle ( Fig. 65 ) Xantia borneensis (Brunner von Wattenwyl)

- - Pronotal disk with emarginated posterior margin ( Figs. 6–10 ); posterior tibiae normal ( Fig. 66 ); tegmen not lanceolate, and tapering from behind the middle ( Fig. 68 ) ..................................................................................................... 2

2. Size large (length of tegmen 68.0 mm, length of posterior femur 32.8 mm). Spines on legs strong ( Figs. 66–68 ).

Cerci robust, bifurcate at distal third, dorsal one produced inwards and downwards, with basal half gradually tapering, apical half shaped into a sharp spine; ventral one long, produced backwards with ventral margin slightly convex, dorsal margin distinctly concave ( Fig. 55 ).................................................................................... P. tibetensis sp. nov. - - Size small (length of tegmen 55.0–61.1 mm, length of posterior femur 25.0–26.5 mm). Spines on legs much weaker. Cerci robust, bifurcate at apical fourth, dorsal one conical, produced inwards and upwards, with apex rounded; ventral one produced and horizontally inwards, abruptly tapering into a long sharp spine ( Figs. 55–59 ) ........................ 3

3. Stridulatory area with posterior margin slightly sharp angular, greatest width between CuM vein and posterior margin rather large, more than or equal to 5.5 millimeters. Stridulatory file with more than 65 teeth ............................. 4

- - Stridulatory area with posterior margin distinctly obtusely angular, greatest width between CuM vein and posterior margin rather small, less than or equal to 5.0 millimeters. Stridulatory file with less than 50 teeth........................... 5

4. Stridulatory vein straight. Stridulatory file with about 65 widely arranged teeth, most large teeth of equal size except that about 5 basal and 6 apical teeth gradually becoming smaller towards both ends ( Figs.39–40 , 44 ). Unpaired ventral sclerite of phallus with sheet-like upper arm, slightly longer than conical spinous lower arm, notch between lateral lower arm sclerite roundly narrow angular ( Fig. 61 ) ....................................................................... P. s ini ca (Liu)

- - Stridulatory vein curved. Stridulatory file with about 73 widely arranged teeth, 22 widely arranged large teeth occupying middle third part, remaining teeth gradually becoming smaller towards both ends ( Figs. 41 , 45 ). Unpaired ventral sclerite of phallus with upper arm shorter than lower one, notch between them sharply angular ( Fig. 62 ) ...................................................................................................................................................... P. hubeiensis sp. nov

5. Radial vein of tegmen with three oblique branches reaching posterior margin beyond radial sector. Stridulatory file with about 55 large teeth of approximately equal size, 27 teeth at apical half widely spaced, remaining 28 teeth sparsely arranged from middle to base ( Figs. 42 , 46 )................................................................. P. parasinica sp. nov.

- - Radial vein of tegmen with two oblique branches reaching posterior margin beyond radial sector vein. Stridulatory file composed of 27 distinct teeth, among which apical 13 large teeth of equal size, widely arranged, the remaining 14 teeth gradually becoming smaller and sparsely arranged from middle to base ( Figs. 43 , 47 ) ... P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 65, 69. lateral views; Figs. 66, 67, hind femur in lateral view; Fig. 68, genicular lobe of hind femur of Paraxantia gen. nov. in lateral view. Figs. 65, 66, Xantia borneensis, Figs. 67 – 69, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype). [Figs. 65, 66, after Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878: 112] (scale bar = 1 mm)

FIGURES 6 – 10. head and pronotum of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 6, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 7, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 8, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 9, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 10, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)

FIGURES 55 – 59. male cerci of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 55, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 56, P. sinica (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 57, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 58, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 59, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)

FIGURES 38 – 43. male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen of Paraxantia gen. nov. Fig. 38, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 39, 40, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (Fig. 39, paratype from Fujian; Fig. 40, another paratype from Fujian); Fig. 41, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 42, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 43, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype).

FIGURES 44 – 47. male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen of Paraxantia gen. nov. Fig. 44, P. s i n i c a (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 45, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 46, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 47, P. bicornis sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)

FIGURES 60 – 64. male concealed sclerotized genitalia of Paraxantia gen. nov. in dorsal view. Fig. 60, P. tibetensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 61, P. s i n i ca (Liu) (paratype from Fujian); Fig. 62, P. hubeiensis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 63, P. parasinica sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 64, P. b i c o r n i s sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm)