Orphninae, Erichson, 1847

Sousa, Rafael Clayton de Jesus e & Fuhrmann, Juares, 2020, Morphology of immature stages of Paraegidium costalimai (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae) and remarks on egg-busters in Scarabaeidae first-instar larvae, Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 (13), pp. 1-16 : 14

Key to third instar of Orphninae known larvae

1 Epipharynx without plegmatia and corypha not prominent; lacinia with 1 or 2 unci (never with 3 tips); posterior area of ligula with thin setae; anal slit sinuate ( Aegidiini ) ................................................................2

– Epipharynx with plegmatia and corypha anteriorly prominent; lacinia with 3 unci (or 1 tridentate uncus); posterior area of ligula with stout setae, these setae are distinctly wider than anterior setae; anal slit Y-shaped ( Orphnini )...........................................................................3

2 Lacinia with 1 uncus; abdominal spiracles decreasing progressively in diameter posteriorly; metapretarsus with rounded and reduced apex ( Mexico)............................................. Aegidium cribratum Bates,1887

– Lacinia with 2 unci ( Figs. 31 -35); abdominal spiracles I-IV distinctly larger than V-VIII ( Figs. 45-52 ); metapretarsus with well-developed and acuminated apex ( Figs.38, 41 ) ( Brazil) ......................................... .......................................... Paraegidium costalimai Vulcano et al., 1966

3 Surface of labrum without transverse carinae;stridulatory area of stipes with 14-15 acute teeth ......................................................................4

– Surface of labrum with two transverse carinae;stridulatory area of stipes with 20 acute teeth ( Hybalus )............................................................ 5

4 Surface of labrum not trilobate and with small tubercles irregularly distributed ( Italy)............... Chaetonyx robustus liguricus Mariani,1946

– Surface of labrum trilobate and without irregular distributed tubercles ( Madagascar)................................. Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin,1844)

5 Clypeus with two externoclypeal setae; apex of galea with 2-3 setae distinctly larger than outer setae;hypopharyngeal sclerome tridentate ( Italy)............................................................. H.benoiti Tournier,1864

– Clypeus with one externoclypeal seta;apex of galea with similar shaped setae;hypopharyngeal sclerome bidentate ( Morocco)......................... .................................................................... H. rotrouni Petrovitz,1964

Figures

Figures31-33.ParaegidiumcostalimaiVulcano,Pereira&Martinez,1966.Third-instarlarva:(31)Leftmaxilla,inner(cardoomitted);(32)Maxilla,hypopharynxandligula,

Figures36-52.ParaegidiumcostalimaiVulcano,Pereira&Martinez,1966.Third-instarlarva:(36-38) Left legsand pleurites(anterior,medial,posterior);(39-41) Left pro-, meso-,and metapretarsus,dorsal;(42) detail of dorsal arm of abdominal spiracle I; (43) Abdominal spiracle V;(44) Mesothoracicspiracle;(45-52) abdominal spiracle I-VIII.Scales:Figs.36-38 = 0.5 mm,Figs.39-52 = 0.1 mm.