Antillocladius folius, Humberto F. Mendes, Trond Andersen & Ole A. Saether, 2004

Humberto F. Mendes, Trond Andersen & Ole A. Saether, 2004, A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), Zootaxa 594, pp. 1-82 : 34-39

Antillocladius folius new species

( Figs 5 A–F, 6A–E, 7A–F)

Type material: Holotype male with pupal and larval skins, BRAZIL: São Paulo State, Ribeirão Preto, 28.v.1997, H.F. Mendes ( MZUSP, slide mounted in Euparal). Paratypes: 2 males with pupal exuviae, 2 larvae, as holotype ( ZMBN); São Paulo State, Ribeirão Preto, 2 males, 5.iii.1997, H.F. Mendes (FIOCruz); São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Intervales, Boca gruta Minotauro, 1 male, 27–28.x.2001, CDC, E.A. Galati ( MZUSP); São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Intervales, Boca gruta Colorida, 1 male, 27–28.x.2001, CDC, E.A. Galati ( MZUSP); São Paulo State, Estação Biológica Boracéia, córrego Venerando, 3 males, 12.vii.2001, light trap, C.G. Froehlich et al. ( MZUSP); São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Jaraguá, local­2 E, 1male, 14.xii.2000, M.V. Yamada (UFSCar); São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Jaraguá, Pico do Jaraguá, 1 male, 14.xii.2000, M.V. Yamada (UFSCar); São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Jaraguá, Alojamento, 1 male, 14.xii.2000, M.V. Yamada (UFSCar); São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Jaraguá, 1 male, 1999, M.V. Yamada (UFS­ Car); São Paulo State, Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, foz Córrego Taquara, 7 males, 27.vii.2000, sweep net, H.F. Mendes (3 ZSM, 4 ZMBN); São Paulo State, Ubatuba , Picinguaba, Córrego da Sede, 23º21'502''S, 44º49'128''W, 1 male, 17.ii.2002, Malaise trap, F.O. Roque (UFSCar); Santa Catarina State, São Bento do Sul, 26°19'25.6''S, 48°18'26.5''W, 1 male, 13–16.x.2001, Malaise trap, M.V. Yamada (UFSCar).

Diagnostic characters: The male imago can be separated from other members of the genus by having bare wing membrane and squama with a few setae ; acrostichals starting in front, anterior ones hair­like, posterior ones scalpellate; virga well developed; anal point only slightly tapering to blunt apex, with weak lateral setae ; and inferior volsella consisting of triangular, pointed lobe. The pupa differs from that of other known species by having antennal sheath with pearl row, and thorn­like anal macrosetae less than half as long as the long male gonopodal sheaths. The larva has mentum with 5 lateral teeth and antennal blade subequal in length to flagellum.

Etymology: From Latin, folium, meaning leaf, referring to the shape of the inferior volsellae.

Male (n = 10, except when otherwise stated).

Total length 1.93–2.40, 2.12 mm. Wing length 1.19–1.36, 1.27 mm. Total length / wing length 1.49–1.77, 1.66. Wing length / length of profemur 2.57–2.97, 2.71. Coloration brown, thorax dark brown, tarsi of all legs light brown.

Head. AR 0.87–1.13, 1.00, ultimate flagellomere 348–402, 375 µm long. Temporal setae 8–9, 8, including 3 inner verticals, 2–3, 2 outer verticals and 3 postorbitals. Clypeus with 6 setae . Tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump as in Fig. 5 A; tentorium 121–126 (2) µm long, 33–38 (2) µm wide at sieve pore; stipes 76 (2) µm long, 38 (1) µm wide. Palpomere lengths in µm: 22–25, 24; 38–46, 40; 86–88, 87; 94–114, 107 (7); 115–139, 125 (5). Third palpomere with 6–7, 6 sensilla clavata subapically; longest 15–18, 17 µm long.

Thorax ( Fig. 5 B). Antepronotum with 3–4, 4 setae . Dorsocentrals 9–12, 10; acrostichals 14–20, 18, anterior six hair­like, posterior all scalpellate, starting some distance from antepronotum; prealars 3. Scutellum with 4–6, 5 setae .

Wing ( Fig. 5 C). VR 1.50–1.54 (2). Costal extension 63–88, 83 µm long. Brachiolum with 1 seta, R with 0–2, 1 setae , other veins bare. Wing membrane bare. Squama with 4–7, 6 setae .

Legs. Spur of front tibia 40–51 (2) µm long; spurs of middle tibia 18–20, 19 µm and 28–33, 30 µm long; spurs of hind tibia 15–25, 21 µm and 40–48, 43 µm long. Width at apex of front tibia 33 (2) µm; of middle tibia 28–33, 31 µm; of hind tibia 36–40, 39 µm. Hind tibial comb with 11–13, 12 setae ; shortest seta 15–20, 16 µm long; longest seta 25– 35, 30 µm long. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs as in as in Table 5 .

Hypopygium ( Fig. 5 D–F). Anal point 58–66, 61 µm long; 23–33, 28 µm wide at base; with 10–17, 15 weak lateral setae ; void of microtrichia except at base. Laterosternite IX with 6 setae . Phallapodeme 76–96, 80 µm long. Transverse sternapodeme nearly straight, with rounded oral projections; 63–73, 68 µm long. Virga 50–66, 63 µm long. Gonocoxite 144–177, 154 µm long, with well set–off, leaf–like inferior volsella. Gonostylus 70–76, 73 µm long; megaseta 13–15, 14 µm long. HR 1.93–2.31, 2.10; HV 2.63–3.29, 2.90.

Pupa (n = 1–3).

Total length 2.37 mm. Colour brownish yellow, legs, antennae and wings dark brown; exuviae pale transparent.

Cephalothorax. Frontal apotome as in Fig. 6 C. Ocular field with 3 pairs of setae . Antennal sheath with pearl row. One prealar, about 23 µm long. Precorneals in narrow triangle ( Fig. 6 D).

Abdomen ( Fig. 6 A–B, E). Numbers of caudal spines on tergites II–VIII as: 25–33, 20– 30, 23–31, 24–31, 27–29, 23–26, 33. Length of longest caudal spine on tergites II–VIII (in µm) as: 7, 7, 7, 7–9, 8–11, 12–13, 10–13. Anal lobe with three thorn­like macrosetae 28– 36, 30–34, and 34–40 µm long. Genital sac overreaches anal lobe with 71–86 µm.

Fourth instar larva (n = 1–2).

Total length 3.0– 3.1 mm. Head capsule 281 µm long. Postmentum 98 µm long. Colour of thoracic segments brown, head and abdomen amber yellow.

Head. Antenna as in Fig. 7 A; segment lengths in µm: 28–30, 15–17, 5–7, 2–3, 2–3. Blade 28 µm long, as long as flagellum; apical style of second segment 4 µm long. Seta I nearly palmate ( Fig. 7 B), other setae simple, labral lamella inconspicuous. Chaeta media serrate, chaetulae laterales simple, chaetulae basales bifid. Pecten epipharyngis with about 12 teeth. Mandible ( Fig. 7 D) 122–127 µm long, with apical tooth and four inner teeth; seta subdentalis triangular; seta interna with four branches. Premandible as in Fig. 7 E, 45–66 µm long. Mentum ( Fig. 7 C) 88–95 µm wide, with irregular 27 µm long, median tooth and five lateral teeth. Ventromental plates small. Seta submenti 43 µm long

Abdomen without distinct setae . Anterior parapods fused, with numerous claws; posterior parapods well developed, with strong apical claws, about 105 µm long ( Fig. 7 F). Procerci absent. Anal tubules 89 µm long, 28 µm wide.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Antillocladius folius new species, male imago. A – cibarial pump, tentorium and stipes; B – thorax; C – wing; D – anal point and tergite IX and dorsal aspect of left gonocoxite; E – hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, left dorsal aspect, right ventral aspect; F – gonostylus.

FIGURE 6. Antillocladius folius new species, pupa. A – tergites I – IX; B – sternites I – IX; C – frontal apotome; D – thorax, anterior part, lateral view; E – detail of anal lobe.

FIGURE 7. Antillocladius folius new species, larva. A – antenna; B – S I setae; C – mentum; D – mandible; E – premandible; F – anal end.

Tables

TABLE 5. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs of Antillocladius folius new species, (n = 2 – 10).

	fe	ti	ta1	ta2	ta3	ta4	ta5	LR	BV	SV	BR
p1	439–441	507	400–408	224–244	136–185	78	49	0.79–0.81	2.53–2.67	2.39–2.31	2.3–2.5
p2	439–517, 480	458–527, 487	195–224, 203	107–117, 109	76–84, 78	49–58, 51	36–42, 39	0.37–0.49, 0.42	4.00–4.50, 4.23	4.52–5.30, 4.99	2.5–2.56, 2.5
p3	507–546, 523	536–634, 579	292–331, 312	156–185, 129	127–136, 129	49–68, 58	38	0.49–0.62, 0.54	3.25–3.73, 3.51	3.15–3.70, 3.53	4.5