Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842

Ros-Farré, P. & Pujade-Villar, J., 2009, Revision of the genus Callaspidia Dahlbom, 1842 (Hym.: Figitidae: Aspicerinae), Zootaxa 2105 (1), pp. 1-31 : 10-17

Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842

( Figs. 2b, 2e , 4b , 7b )

Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842: 13–14 .

Callaspidia fonscolombei Giraud 1856: 186 (injustificated emendation of Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom ).

Onychia fonscolombei (Giraud) Dalla Torre, 1889: 210 .

Callaspidia westwoodi Dahlbom, 1842 ; synonymized by Hellén 1958: 54.

Callaspidia dufouri Giraud, 1860 ; synonymized by Hellén 1958: 54.

Onychia westwoodi Reinhard, 1860: 238 (non Callaspidia westwoodi Dahlbom, 1842 ); synonymyzed with Callaspidia dufouri Giraud by Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910: 66.

Onychia nigripes Cameron, 1879: 112 , synonymized in Cameron, 1890: 177; Dalla Torre, 1893: 8; Quinlan, 1974: 17. Synonymy here confirmed.

Callaspidia provancheri Ashmead, 1887: 167 n. syn.

Onychia provancheri (Ashmead) Ashmead, 1887: 157 .

Onychia striolata Cameron, 1888: 163 (male) n. syn.

Onychia dufouri (Giraud) Kieffer, 1901a: 159 .

Onychia areolata Kieffer, 1901a: 160 (female) n. syn.

Onychia dufouri var vitripennis Kieffer, 1901a: 160 n. syn.

Onychia fonscolombei var minima Kieffer, 1901b: 344

Callaspidia provancheri Ashmead ; restored in Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910: 63 & 68

Callaspidia areolata (Kieffer) Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910: 65 .

Callaspidia dufouri ssp vitripennis (Kieffer) Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910: 66

Callaspidia striolata (Cameron) Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910: 67–68 .

Callaspidia fonscolombei ssp minima (Kieffer) Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910: 64 n. syn.

Callaspidia rubricus Dettmer, 1924: 126 n. syn.

Type material of Callalspida defonscolombei 1 ♂ & 3 ♀ in ZMLU, label data of the LECTOTYPE: “Hafdhem 3.VII.41”, “Compared with Holotype of Callaspidia dufouri Gir. And agrees, det. J. Quinlan, 1973”, “1973 588”, “ZML.1998 282”, “ Lectotype Callaspidia defonscolombei ♀ Dahlbom, 1842 design. Ros- Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label). PARALECTOTYPES: Square red label, rectangular white label, “32” (handwritten), “ ♂ ”, “ZML.1998 279”, “ Paralectotype Callaspidia defonscolombei ♂ Dahlbom, 1842 , det. Ros-Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label); “112” (handwritten), “Hot” (handwritten), “ZML.1998 283” “ Paralectotype Callaspidia defonscolombei ♀ Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2005” (red label); “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label); “a” (handwritten), “ZML.1998 284” “ Paralectotype Callaspidia defonscolombei ♀ Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2005” (red label)”; “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label).

Type material of Callaspidia westwoodi 2 ♂ ( ZMLU), LECTOTYPE: “Furillen 21.VII. 41” (handwritten), “Westwoodi” (handwritten), “ Callaspidia fonscolombei Dhalb. ♂ Det. J.Quinlan, 1973”, “1973 587”, “ZML.1998 281”, “ Lectotype of Callaspidia westwoodi ♂ Dahlbom, 1842 design. Ros-Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label). PARALECTOTYPE: “Fruillen 21. VII. 41” (handwritten), “ Callaspidia westwoodi Dabm. 5. 2. ♂ (handwritten)”, “ Callaspidia fonscolombei Dahlb. ♂ det. J.Quinlan, 1973.”, “1973 589”, “ZML 1998 277”, “ Paralectotype of Callaspidia westwoodi ♂ Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label).

Type material of Callaspidia dufouri 5 ♀ ( NMW), LECTOTYPE: 1 ♀ Label data: “ Call. dufouri det Giraud Type”, red label “Typus”, “ Lectotype of Callaspidia dufouri Giraud, 1842 design. Ros-Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolom bei D ahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (w hite label). PARALECTOTYPE: 2 ♀ label data: “Giraud”, “ Call. dufouri det. Giraud type”, “typus” (red label, in one of them “Teratologie Ocellen MADL 1990”), “ Paralectotype of Callaspidia dufouri Giraud, 1842 det. Ros-Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label); 1 ♀ label data: “type”, “ Call. Dufouri det. Giraud type”, “typus” (red label), Paralectotype of Callaspidia dufouri Giraud, 1842 det. Ros-Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label).; 1 ♀ label data: “ Call. Dufouri det. Giraud type”, blue label “ Callaspidia dufouri Giraud ”, “typus” (red label), “ Paralectotype of Callaspidia dufouri Giraud, 1842 det. Ros-Farré 2005” (red label), “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label).

Type material of Callaspidia provancheri : 1♂ ( CNCI) HOLOTYPE: label data: “H.22.7”, red label “TYPE C. Provancheri nº 443”, “ Callaspidia provancheri ♀ Ashm. ”, “ Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 det Ros-Farré 2006 ” (white label).

Type material of Onychia nigripes . 1 ♀ ( NHM) B M Type HYM. 7.156.

Type material of Callaspidia striolata 1 ♂ ( NHM) B. M . Type HYM, 7.158.

Additional material. ARGENTINA: 1 ♀ ( IML) S. M. Tucuman, VIII/1978, Fidalgo leg ; 1 ♀ ( IML) Tucuman, Tafí del Valle , La Quebradita, 2/X/1971, C. Porter leg. ARMENIA: 1 ♂ ( ZIN) 2/IX/1956, Shurnuj, A. Tryapitsyn col ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 23/VIII/1956, Tsykhnidzor, 2000 m. V. Tryapitsyn col. AUSTRIA: 1 ♀ ( NMW) Bad Voslau. Nieder-Donau ; 1 ♀ ( DEI) Schmiede-knecht vend. Biologische Reichsanstalt. Eberswalde coll DAI. IPK. BRAZIL: 1 ♀ ( CNCI) VII/1970, Nova Teutonia, 27° 11’S, 52°23’W, 300– 500m . F. Plaumann leg. CANADA, Alberta : 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 3/VII/1962, Pd. Cr. 20mi. W. Calgary, Alberta, M. R. M. Mason leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 3/VIII/1938, Lethbridge. Alta, R. W. Salt ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 16/VIII/1949, Yellowknife, N. W. T. Alberta, R. R. Ball leg ; British Columbia: 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 21/VII/1987, B. C. Blind Bay, C. A. Elsey, MT ; 1♀ ( CNCI) 13/ VII/1936, Abbotsford, British Columbia. P. Q., Shewell leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 18/VII/1953, Mission City, British Columbia, W. R. M. Mason leg ; 1 ♂ ( CNCI) 29/VIII/1949, Robson, British Columbia, H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 28/VIII/1949, Robson, British Columbia, H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 28/IX/1948, Robson, British Columbia. H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 25/VII/1949, Robson, British Columbia, H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♂ ( CNCI) 21–28/VIII/1949, Robson, British Columbia, H. R. Foxlee leg ; 2 ♀ ( CNCI) 20–30/VIII/1949, Robson, British Columbia, H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 12/VIII/1949, Robson, British Columbia, H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 6/VI/1949, Robson, British Columbia. H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♂ ( CNCI) 1–5/VIII/1949, Robson, British Columbia, H. R. Foxlee leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 30/IX/1931, Summerland British. Columbia, A. N. Gartrell leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 20/VI/1931, Summerland British. Columbia, A. N. Gartrell leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 28/V/ 1959, Vasseaux Lake, Olivier, British Columbia, R. E. Leech ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 29/V/1959, Vaseaux L. Olivier, British Columbia, L. A. Kelton; New Brunswick : 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 2–7/VII/1977, Kouchibouguac N.P. New Brunswick, J.R. Vockeroth leg. Code 5568D; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 3/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, G. A. Calderwood leg. Code 6052T; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 4/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, A. Calderwood leg. Code 5778F; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 9/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, S. J. Miller leg. Code 5800B & 5805G; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 10/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, G. A. Calderwood leg. Code 5809K; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 12/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, G. A. Calderwood leg. Code 5818T; 3 ♀ ( CNCI) 20/IX/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, S. J. Miller leg. Code 6048P; 10 ♀ ( CNCI) 23/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, G. A. Calderwood leg. Code 6057Y; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 25/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, S. J. Miller leg. Code 5849Y; 4 ♀ ( CNCI) 30/VIII/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, S. J. Miller leg. code 6058Z & 6060B; 2 ♀ ( CNCI) 7/IX/1977, Kouchibouguac N. P. New Brunswick, S. J. Miller leg. Code 6045M; Newfoundland & Labrador: 1 ♀ ( USNM) 2/X, St. John. Newfoundland & Labrador. A. G. Leavitt leg ; Nova Scotia: 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 3/IX/1952, Aldershot, Nova Scotia, K. B. Sanford leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 17/VIII/1963, McGrath Cove, Nova Scotia, N. S. W. & E. Mason leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 4–5/VII/1950, Paration Sheet, Starrs Point, D. D. Suttton nº 388; Ontario : 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 7/IX/1954, Brighton, Ont., J. C. Martin leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 10/VI/1955, Brighton, Ont., J. C. Martin leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 5/VII/1928, Chatham. Ont., A. B. Baird leg. Code 18333F; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 27/VI/ 1928, Chatham. Ont., A. B. Baird leg. Code 18333F; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 20/IX/1961, Constance Bay, Ont., L. A. Kelton ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 22/X/1938, Cultus, Ottawa. L. B. C., J. K. Jacob ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 22/X/1938, Cultus. Ottawa. L. B. C., J. K. Jacob ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 6/IX/1971, Golden lake Ont., A. Sauve leg ; 1 ♀ ( USNM) 12/IX/1909, Inglenook, Ontario. Dauphin Co., P. R. Myers col , nº 243; 1 ♀ ( USNM) 12/IX/1909, Inglenook Ontario Pa. Dauphin Co., P. R. Myers leg n° 243; 2 ♀ ( CNCI) 22/VI/1903, Ottawa ; 1♀ ( CNCI) 27/VI/1924, Queens Park. Aylmer, Ontario, C. B. Hutchlugs leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 27/VI/1924, Queens Park. Aylmer, Ontario, C. B. Hutchlugs leg ; 2 ♀ ( CNCI) Ottawa. Ont . 1♀ ( CNCI) 3/X/1926, Vancouver B. C., J. Stanley leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 9/ VIII/41947, Ottawa. Ont., O. Peck Dows leg ; 1♀ ( CNCI) Ottawa ; 1 ♀ ( USNM) Ottawa ; 1♀ ( CNCI) VII/ VIII/ 1989, Ottawa, On., H. Goulet leg. MT; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 25/VIII/1982, Thedford. Ont. Onion plot, A. Tomlin leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 14/X1806, Trenton, Ont., Evans leg ; Quebéc: 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 3/IX/1952 Aldershot N. S., K. H. Standford leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 21/X/1924, Aylmer Que., C. H. Curran leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 18/VII/1995, Freligsburg. Noubar Bostonian Orchard Jest. MT, nº 1063.91 ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 3/VII/1927, Hemmingford, Quebec, G. H. Haummond leg ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Quebec, Lac Jean Venne , (45º41’N 76º03’W), 24–31.VII.1995, Sphagnum bog. YPT, L. Masner ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 13/VII/1940, Montreal. Quebec, J. Ouellet leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 24/VII/1958, Schwartz. Quebec. H. Mann leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI, 347) 30/VI/1999, Sta. Clotilde, AAFC Farm 45º 10’ 5” W Quebeck, H. Goulet, Vicia & Erigeron leg ; Yukon: 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 16/VI–31/VIII/1984, Yukon Ross River , MTint aspin-willow riv. terrace, S. & J. Peck; Without locality : 1 ♀ ( CNCI) nº 109, Guinard collection ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 1985?. Guinard collection ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 14/X/1954, nº 852, ex. Dioryctria abietella ; 1♀ ( CNCI) 4/VI/ 1888 . 1♀ ( CNCI) VII/1947 Mings Cons, Lord leg. Host Syrphyd fly larvae. CHILE: 1 ♀ (MNHN-Chile) 20/I/ 1995, Chillán P. Comadres, S. Reitman leg ; 1 ♀ ( MNHN-CHILE) 29/X/1969, Santiago, Rojas leg ; 1 ♀ ( MNHN-CHILE) 21/XI/1966, Santiago. Q. el Peumo, T. Ramirez leg. CHINA: 1♀ ( ZMLU), without locality, 31.V–01.VII.1992: col. Zhiwel Liu. DENMARK: 1 ♀ ( MZL) 11.VII.1992, SE of HØjbjerg ; 1 ♀ ( MZL), 10.VII.1992, idem . 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 5/X/1957, Waidau-HÖhenweg (Bonn), E. Schmidt leg , on Urtica . FRANCE: 1 ♀ & 2 ♂ (MNHN-Paris) without locality . 4 ♀ (MNHN-Paris) J. Giraud leg; 1 ♀ ( MZB) Without locality . HUNGARY: 1 ♀ ( SPL) 24/VI/1994, Vas m. Szakonyfalú, A. Kotenko leg ; 1 ♂ ( SPL) 20/VI/1994, Vas m. Szalafo. Felsoszer, A. Kotenko leg ; 1 ♀ ( SPL) 13/X/1994, Heves m. Szentkút Meszes tetó. Q. pubescens, G. Melika leg ; 1 ♂ ( SPL) 8/VII/1994, Vas m. Cak, A. Kotenko leg ; 1 ♂ ( SPL) 5/VIII/1999, Vezprém Co. Tinnye, Z. Ács leg ; 1 ♀ ( HNHM) 27/IX/1938, Kalocsa, J. Erdós leg ; 1 ♀ ( HNHM) 28/IX/1938, Kalocsa, J. Erdós leg ; 1 ♀ ( HNHM) 27/VI/1956, Tompa, J. Erdós leg ; 1 ♀ ( HNHM) 29/IX/1938, Kalocsa, J. Erdós leg ; 1 ♀ ( HNHM) 22/VII/1960, Szeremle. Populus nigra, J. Erdós leg . KAZAKHSTAN: 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 27/VII/1932, Borovsk. Les. tekh, Kokchet, R. Akmol and V. Popov col. MOLDAVIA: 1 ♂ ( ZIN) 28/VII/1987, Kotovsk, MSSR, Tolitskiy . NORWAY: 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Underlia , Malaise Trap, VII.1993, leg. Lars Ove Hansen ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem, VIII–IX.1993 . RUMANIA: 2 ♀ ( SPL) 15/VIII/200, Hargita Co. Kiruly Valley stream-bank, Zoltán Ács leg. RUSSIA: 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 12/VII/1958, Miass, Chelyabinskaya obl, V. Tobias col ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 18/VII/ 1958, Miass, Chelyabinskaya obl, V. Tobias col ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 22/VI, Myz. Cerasi, Geremia, Pupae Syrphid . 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 31–19/VI, Myz. Cerasi ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 13/VIII/1984, Minskaya obl. , P. Kletsk Valenta N. E. Col. ex Syrphus balteatus ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 1930, Maikop, Krasnodrask . 1 ♂ ( ZIN) 16/VI/1968, Tatarka, 10 Km south of Stavropol, Gorodkov, oak forest ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 24/VII/1957, Kent Mountains, Karagandinskaya obl. V. Tobias col ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 15/VII/1958, Miass, Chelyabinskaya obl. , V. Tobias col ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 16/VIII/1979, Pripyat river, 40 Km west of Petrikov , Kasparyan col ; 1 ♀ ( USNM) 7–12/X/1939, Moscow Id, T. A. Brindley leg ; 1 ♀ ( ZIN) 20/VII/1962, Kishinev, Moldavskaya SSR, Talitskiy col. SWEDEN: 1 ♂ ( ZMLU) “ Faröen 25.VII.41 1.m.”, small red label “ Weld 1931”, “ Call. Fonscolombei ”, “ Callaspidia fonscolombei Dhalb. ♀ det. J.Quinlan, 1973”, “ZML 1998 278” ; 1 ♀ ( MZL), Århus amt, skåde, SE of HØjbjerg, 11.VII.1992: (11.00–11.20), Glänta vid bäck i boskog; Småträd av ek, björk, rönn, fläder och gran; På nässlor vass, ängssyra. Även ormbunkar, hallon, tistlar och Kaprifol fanns i glantan. Slaghåv. leg. Michael Söderlund ; 1 ♂ ( MZL), idem, 10.VII.1992: (16.00–16.30). NETHERLAND : 2 ♀ ( ZMLU), Nord Brabant, Udenhout , ‘ De Brand’, 14–21.VII.1990, leg. W. G. Tilburg. ; 1 ♀ ( NMM) 26/VII/1923, H. Dettmer leg ; 1 ♀ ( NMM) H. Dettmer leg. UNITED KINGDOM: 1 ♀ ( NHM) 9/VIII/1964, Berkshire, E. Burtt leg. B.M. 1964-269; 1 ♀ ( NHM) 11/VII/1971, Esher Common Surrey, Boucek leg ; 1♀ ( NHM) 8/VI/1980, Surrey Kew, V.F. Eestop leg. 18,631 herbage; 1 ♂ ( NHM) 8/VI/ 1980, Surrey Kew, V.F. Eestop leg. 16,939 Crataegus . UKRAINE: 1 ♀ ( SPL) 24/VIII/1959, Kiyev, AgroSta., ex Daucus carota . A. Sikura leg ; 1 ♂ ( ZMLU) 24.VIII.1959, Kiyev. AgroSta., ex Daucus carota, Sikura A. leg . USA: Alabama: 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 15/VII/1986, PQ Leeskville Falle, J. La Salle leg ; Arizona: 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 30/ XI/1967, Ramsey cyn 6000’ 15ml. S. Sierra Vista Huachuca Mts. Arizona, Sternitzky; Colorado : 1 ♀ ( USNM) 1919, Paceful Valley , Colorado, Cockerell leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 31/VII/1961, Vernon cn. nr. Golden Colo. 7200’, W. R. M. Manson leg ; Indiana: 1 ♀ ( USNM) 1/IX/1925, MinrlSprings, Ind., nº2517; Maryland : 1 ♀ ( UB) 8/ VIII/1921, Glen Echo, Md., J. R. Malloch leg ; New York: 1 ♀ ( USNM) 10/VIII/1900, Greene Co, 2500ft NY., L. O. Howard leg ; 1 ♀ ( USNM) 11/VIII/1897, Onon. Co., N. Y .; 1 ♀. ( USNM) 10/VIII/1929, Madison Wis., Chas. L. Fluke leg , nº 5.29, ex. Syrphus ribesii ; New Yersey: 1 ♀ ( USNM) 2/IX/1969, Clementon, N. J., G.M. Greene leg ; North Carolina: 2 ♀ ( CNCI) 25 & 26/VIII/1957, Highlands, N. C., L. A. Kelson leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 12/VII/1957, Highlands, N. C. 3800’, J. G. Chilcott leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 15/VI/1957, Highlands, N. C. 3800’, J. R. Vockeroth leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 23/V/1957, Highlands, N. C. 3800’, W. R. M. Mason leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 10/VIII/ 1957, Wayah Bald nr. Franklin, North Carolina. 5400’, J. G. Chillcott leg ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) IV-VII/1987, Whiteside. Mat. Oak Forest , NC. Macon leg. Malaise trap; 5 ♀ ( CNCI) 10/VII –13/VIII/ 1987, NC, Jackson Co. Whiteside Mt. near Highlands, 1600m., BRC HYM Team, oak for.; Oklahoma : 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 4/VI/1962, Cherokee, Oklahoma. C. S. M. N. L. N. C. 4200’, J. R. Veckeroth leg ; Ohio: 2 ♀ ( CNCI) 4/VII/1968, Champaign Co. Ohio. Cedar Swamp, R. E. Woodruff leg. Malaise Trap ; Oregon: 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Box Elder Co., Devils Gate , 28.VI.1969, T. L. Whitworth ; 2 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem 25.VI.1969, T. L. Whitworth; Pennsylvania : 1 ♀ ( USNM) 12/IX/1909, nº 243, Ingleiook, Pa, Dauphin Co., P. R. Myers leg ; 1 ♀ ( USNM) 4/VII/1918, Mt Holly Spgs. Pennsylvania ; 1 ♀ ( USNM) 3928º ex. Syrphid larva. Through C. V. Riley; Utah : 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Utah, Cache Co., Logan Canyon , 10.IX.1981, G. F. Knowlton ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem, 01.VIII.1981 ; 2 ♀ ( ZMLU), Utah, Cache Co., W. Hodges Can, 9–14.IX.1976 Knowlton, Hanson ; 2 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem 3–9.IX.1976 ; 2 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem, 23–27.IX.1976 ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem, 6–14.X.1976 ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem 16–20.IX.1976 ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Utah, Juab Co., Mt. Nebo , 4.VIII.1977, Knowlton, Hanson ; 2 ♀ ( ZMLU), Utah, Cache Co., Tony Crove Cany , 12–17.VIII.1976, G. F. Knowlton, W. J. Hanson Collector ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Utah, Wash. Co. Zion NP Lava Pt. , 7800’, 8–21.IX.1982: C. R. Nelson; Virginia : 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Virginia, Clarke Co., 2 miles S of Boyce, Blandy Experimental Farm , 17–30.VI.1993: Malaise Trap., leg. D. R. Smith ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), idem, 25.V–4.VI.1993 ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), Virginia, Essex Co., 1 mile SE of Dunnesville , 15–28.V.1993, Malaise Trap., leg. D. R. Smith ; 1 ♀ ( SPL) 2/VI–6/VII/1989, Va, Senadoah N.P. 1300 a.s.l. Brch. Hym. Team ; 1 ♀ ( CNCI) 14/VI/1982, Via Big Meadows. Virginia. Shenandondoah N. P., Sweeping var. plant comm of meadow. H. Goulet leg ; Washington: 1 ♀ ( USNM) 7/VIII/1904, Pulllman, Wash., W. M. Mann leg. Webster nº 4550; Wihout locality: 2 ♀ ( CNCI) Guignard collection ; 1 ♀ ( DEI) VIII/1997, Col Oldenberg ; 1 ♀ ( NHW) ; 1 ♀ ( ZMLU), 25VII–7.VIII.1992 .

Diagnosis. Similar to Callaspidia dahlbomi ; both have transverse carinae on lateral face of pronotum and on scutum. Their frons is very rugose or carinated, but in C. defonscolombei , the central area of the propodeum is not transversely carinated like in C. dahlbomi and propodeal carinae are never divergent.

Redescription. Length. Male 3.20 to 4.20 mm.; Female 3.64 to 5.00 mm.

Coloration. Head from black to medium brown, sometimes orangeish near mandibulae, antenal foramina or eye; mesosoma from black to brown, basal 1/3 and sometimes parascutal sulcus reddish or orange; pronotum black or brown, lighter anteriorly. Metanotum blackish to medium brown.

Head. Frons rugose or transversely carinated, slightly coriaceous (more noticeable in males), frontal carina present complete and wide, weakly coriaceous. Lateral frontal carina straight or slightly curved, prominent and slightly alutaceous, space between it and eye alutaceous with noticeable transverse carinae. Vertex shining to weakly coriaceous, with two to four cells. Gena rounded to weakly angled, slightly expanded, with conspicuous transverse carinae, weakly alutaceous. Occiput shining and with transverse carinae.

Mesosoma. Lateral surface of pronotum coriaceous, with uniform, irradiant, wide and spaced carinae (smaller in males), basal ones can be much wider than dorsal ones. Mesoescutum coriaceous (stronger in males), transversely carinated, carinae variable in width, straight and uniform between notauli, slightly disordered and less conspicuous laterally. Notauli hardly widen basally, inside some conspicuous transversal carinae and alutaceous to coriaceous. Median mesoscutural furrow much wider than base of notauli with same interior sculpture than notauli. Parascutal sulcus with evident transverse carinae, shining, rarely coriaceous in anterior half. Antero-admedial lines slightly prominent and generally thin, more prominent in males, reaching 1/3 to 1/2 of the scutum length, alutaceous dorsally. Median ridge alutaceous dorsally and usually thicker than antero-admedial lines. Mesonotum, in lateral view, simply curved, with no inflexions. Interfoveal carina, in lateral view, slightly above level of lateral margins of scutellum, or at same level than these, which are slightly confluent. Propodeal carinae slightly curved externally, internally very slightly curved, internal area coriaceous with occasional blunt transversal carinae.

Wings. R2 slightly curved; R1 absent. Brownish to nearly hyaline. Occasionally veins of areolet partially visible.

Variability. Nearctic individuals tend to be slightly less robust, sometimes the pronotal carinae are thinner. Moreover, in the Palaearctic specimens, the wings are more infuscate in general.

Biology. According to Weems (1954), in North America, this species attacks larvae of Syrphidae , but he was not able to identify to which species these larvae belonged to. According to Ferguson (1986), the biology of Callaspidia defonscolombei has been studied by Rotheray (1979), who collected this species from the syrphids: Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus, 1758) , S. vitripennis Meigen, 1822 , Meligramma cincta (Falln, 1817) , Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus, 1758) , Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius, 1794) , Platycheirus manicatus (Meigen, 1822) and Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776) . According to the labels of the material studied here (see above), in Canada, this species was collected from Dioryctria abietella ( Lepidoptera : Pyralidae ) but this host is unlikely, this species was also collected in USA from Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus, 1758) and in Russia from Syrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776) .

Distribution. Holarctic and Neotropical. Known from Austria, Canada, Germany, India, Italy, Russia and Spain, ( Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910), from Sweden and Great Britain ( Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910; Quinlan, 1974), from Finland ( Hellén, 1937; 1958), from Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece and Turkmenistan ( Hellén, 1958), Kazhakastan, Turkmenistan and Russia ( Belizin, 1961), Polonia ( Kierych, 1985), Slovenia ( Miczulski, 1967; Kierych, 1985), Portugal (Madeira, Graham, 1986) the United Kingdom and Taiwan (Fereguson 1986); new cites in this study from Argentina, Armenia, Brazil, Chile, China, Denmark, France, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Moldavia, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Ukraine, and USA.

Taxonomic comments. The type series of Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom is deposited in ZMLU. It was possible to identify it because Dahlbom (1842) specifies in his work the localities where the specimens were collected and also the dates of collection. In the original description five Scandinavian specimens are studied ( Dahlbom, 1842: 13). One of these specimens corresponds to a new species described here, Callaspidia dahlbomi , exactly the female collected in Furillen in 21.VII.1841, together with the type material of C. westwoodi according to Dahlbom (1842: 14 and 15). Thus, the type material of this species is formed by four exemplars. The lectotype is the only specimen with the collection data included; the paratypes correspond to a male collected by Professor Zetterstedt (according to Dahlbom, 1842: 13) and two females without collection data (according to Dahlbom, 1842: 14). One specimen with the label “ZML.1998 278” was considered by Weld (1931) as the type and this was subsequently studied by Quinlan (1973) (see additional material from Sweden); nevertheless, this specimen corresponds to a male collected in Faröen in 25.VII.41 and does not belong to the type series because this data is not mentioned in the original descriptions. In addition, the type series has only a male and it is included as mentioned above.

The type series of Callaspidia westwoodi is deposited in ZMLU. Dalhlbom (1842) mentions that the two males were collected in Furillen in 21.VII.1841 at the same time as a female of Callaspidia defonscolombei . These three specimens have been found. One male of C. westwoodi is deposited in Dahlbom’s collection and the other one in Thomson’s collection according to R. Danielson’s notes in the loan document (Danielson, pers. comm.).

Dahlbom (1842: 13) considered Figites notata Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1832 , as a synonym of C. defonscolombei Dahlbom. As Graham mentions (1986: 39), if this is the case, ‘ notata ’ would have preference over ‘ defonscolombei ’. Ferguson, in Graham (1986), suggested that both species are different. After examining the type material of Callaspidia notata (Fonscolombe) and of Callaspidia defonscolombei Dahlbom , we can assert that they are different species, as the distribution and abundance of the lateral carinae in the pronotum clearly separate these two species ( Figs 3a , 4b ).

We assume that the synonymy of Callaspidia dufouri Giraud, 1860 with C. defonscolombei was established by Hellén 1958 (see the list of synonymies) since we consider that Hellén (1958: 54) mistakes the authorship of the first aforementioned species, as he erroneously assigns C. dufouri to Dahlbom instead of Giraud, as would be correct.

Neither the original description by Kieffer (1901a) of Callaspidia dufouri vitripennis nor Kieffer (1902) provide a diagnostic character that allows us to differentiate this subspecies from C. defonscolombei (= C. dufouri ). For this reason Callaspidia dufouri vitripennis (Kieffer, 1901) is considered in this study as a new synonymy of C. defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 .

Kieffer (1901b) describes a new variety named ‘ minima ’ that is subsequently considered a subspecies by Dalla Torre & Kieffer (1910). Kieffer (1901b) states that the variety ‘ minima ’ is differentiated from the type of C. defonscolombei by the antenna (which have the same length as the body, the third antennomere is bigger than the fourth and the 14th is 2.0 times longer than the 13th) the triangular area of the mesonotum is slightly longer than wide, and the lateral margins (we assume them to be antero-admedial lines) are interrupted before reaching the end of the median ridge. All these characteristics form part of the intraspecific variability of C. defonscolombei , which has been observed when studying long series of this species. For all these reasons, we consider Callaspidia defonscolombei minima (Kieffer, 1901) as a new synonymy of C. defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 .

The type of Callaspidia rubricrus Dettmer, 1924 , is probably lost (F. Dinguemans per. com.). According to Dettmer’s description it is C. defonscolombei , because the lateral pronotum has transverse carinae, the dorsal part of the scutum is strongly transversally carinate and the forewings are infuscate. For these reasons we consider Callaspidia rubricrus Dettmer, 1924 as a new synonymy of C. defonscolombei Dahlbom, 1842 .

The original description of Callaspidia areolata (Kieffer) is much shorter, but Kieffer (1901a) mentions that this species is differentiated from the rest by the areolet, which is very clearly formed, a character that is refuted by Kieffer (1902) when he states that the basal vein of the areolet is not very noticeable; with respect to the rest of the features mentioned in both studies, we consider Callaspidia areolata (Kieffer) to be a new synonymy of C. defonscolombei Dalhbom.

In the material deposited in CNCI we have found several specimens “in litera” determined by Provancher as Callaspidia canadiensis that have never been published and belong to C. defonscolombei Dalhbom.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Head in dorsal view of Callaspidia japonica, (b) head in frontal view of C. defonscolombei, (c) head in frontal view of C. dahlbomi n. sp., (d) propodeum of C. dahlbomi n. sp., (e) propodeum of C. defonscolombei and (f) propodeum of C. japonica.

FIGURE 3. Head and mesosoma in lateral view of: (a) Callaspidia notata and (b) C. aberrans.

FIGURE 4. Head and mesosoma in lateral view of: (a) Callaspidia dahlbomi n. sp. and (b) C. defonscolombei.

FIGURE 7. Head and mesosoma in dorsal view of: (a) Callaspidia dahlbomi n. sp. and (b) C. defonscolombei.