Macrostomum Schmidt, 1848

Lin, Yi-Tao, Feng, Wei-Tao, Xin, Fan, Zhang, Lv, Zhang, Yu & Wang, An-Tai, 2017, Two new species and the molecular phylogeny of eight species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from southern China, Zootaxa 4337 (3), pp. 423-435 : 424-428

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.3.7
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DC8D40D7-CD12-4165-8988-A342E3635987
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6028611
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587BE-3715-FFAC-C4C4-458A61CFFE2F
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Macrostomum Schmidt, 1848
status

Treatment

Genus Macrostomum Schmidt, 1848 View in CoL

SPEcIES 18S RDNA 28S RDNA

GENBaNK acc.NO. GENBaNK acc.NO.

Macrostomum acus SEq.1 (ZDK1) * KY579351 View Materials KY579342 View Materials Macrostomum acus SEq.2 (ZDK2) * KY579352 View Materials KY579343 View Materials Macrostomum acus SEq.3 (ZDK3) * KY579353 View Materials KY579344 View Materials Macrostomum balticum (MTP LS 144) FJ715310 View Materials FJ715330 View Materials

Macrostomum bicaudatum SEq.1 (YDK1) * KY814489 View Materials KY652224 View Materials Macrostomum bicaudatum SEq.2 (YDK2) * KY814490 View Materials KY652225 View Materials Macrostomum bicaudatum SEq.3 (YDK3) * KY814491 View Materials KY652226 View Materials Macrostomum chongqingnese (YL-2016 CQ1) KX769148 View Materials KX769150 View Materials Macrostomum clavituba (MTP LS 301) FJ715304 View Materials FJ715324 View Materials

Macrostomum dongyuanensis SEq.1 (DYDK1) * KY652215 View Materials KY652218 View Materials Macrostomum dongyuanensis SEq.2 (DYDK2) * KY652216 View Materials KY652219 View Materials Macrostomum dongyuanensis SEq.2 (DYDK3) * KY652217 View Materials KY652220 View Materials Macrostomum finlandense (MTP LS 91) FJ715302 View Materials FJ715322 View Materials

Macrostomum gieysztori (MTP LS 264) FJ715301 View Materials FJ715321 View Materials

Macrostomum heyuanensis SEq.1 (HDK1) * KY814492 View Materials KY652221 View Materials Macrostomum heyuanensis SEq.2 (HDK2) * KY814493 View Materials KY652222 View Materials Macrostomum heyuanensis SEq.3 (HDK3) * KY814494 View Materials KY652223 View Materials Macrostomum hystricinum (MTP LS 278) FJ715311 View Materials FJ715331 View Materials

Macrostomum hystrix (MTP LS 68) FJ715303 View Materials FJ715323 View Materials

Macrostomum kepneri (MTP LS 285) FJ715307 View Materials FJ715327 View Materials

Macrostomum lankouensis n. sp . SEq.1 (LDK1) * KY814495 View Materials KY814498 View Materials Macrostomum lankouensis n. sp . SEq.2 (LDK2) * KY814496 View Materials KY814499 View Materials Macrostomum lankouensis n. sp . SEq.3 (LDK3) * KY814497 View Materials KY814500 View Materials Macrostomum lignano (MTP LS 244) FJ715306 View Materials FJ715362

Macrostomum longituba (MTP LS 274) FJ715309 View Materials FJ715329 View Materials

Macrostomum mystrophorum (MTP LS 64) FJ715305 View Materials FJ715325 View Materials

Macrostomum obtuse SEq.1 (DDK1) KY579348 View Materials KY579339 View Materials Macrostomum obtuse SEq.2 (DDK2) KY579349 View Materials KY579340 View Materials Macrostomum obtuse SEq.3 (DDK3) KY579350 View Materials KY579341 View Materials Macrostomum pusillum (MTP LS 112) FJ715313 View Materials FJ715333 View Materials

Macrostomum quiritium (MTP LS 102) FJ715299 View Materials FJ715319 View Materials

......continued on the next page Material examined. HOlOTYpE: PLA-MA0040, mOUNTED SpEcImENS. SpEcImENS wErE cOllEcTED bY ZHANg Lv frOm THE SHIYAN RESErvOIr, SHENzHEN, GUANgDONg PrOvINcE, CHINA (2341'03"N, 113 55'06"E). PArATYpE: PLA- MA0041~0044, mOUNTED SpEcImENS. PArATYpE: PLA-MA0045, SErIAl SEcTION. All THE TYpE SpEcImENS ArE DEpOSITED IN IZCAS .

Etymology. THE NAmE Of THIS NEw SpEcIES IS DErIvED frOm THE NAmE Of THE fIrST cOllEcTION SITE. THE AUTHOrS HAvE AlSO cOllEcTED THE SpEcIES IN DONgHU PArk, SHENzHEN (N22°33′50″, E114°08′36″) AND HEYUAN, GUANgDONg PrOvINcE (2358'39"N, 115 2'44"E).

Description. THE flAT bODY IS mIlkY-wHITE IN cOlOr AND rOD-SHApED wHEN mOvINg. THE lENgTH AND wIDTH Of mATUrE INDIvIDUAl ArE 1,560–2,290 µm AND 260–440 µm (N=9), rESpEcTIvElY ( FIgS. 1A View FIGURE 1 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ). THE bODY HAS DENSE cIlIA (lENgTH: 3–5 µm, N=3) AND SENSOrY HAIrS (1–3 HAIrS AS A bUNDlE, lENgTH: 12 µm, N=6) ON ITS SUrfAcE. NUmErOUS rHAbDITES cOvEr THE SUrfAcE Of wHOlE bODY. THE DISTANcE bETwEEN THE ANTErIOr rOUNDED END AND THE EYES IS 210–260 µm (N=5). IN gENErAl, THE pAIrED rENIfOrm EYES ArE lOcATED AT 12% Of THE bODY lENgTH, AND THE DISTANcE bETwEEN THE EYES IS 12–30 µm (N=5) ( FIgS. 1A View FIGURE 1 , 2A & C View FIGURE 2 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ). THE pHArYNX, 150–290 µm (N=5) lONg, OpENS vENTrAllY pOSTErIOr TO THE EYES. PHArYNgEAl glANDS ArE lOcATED ON EITHEr SIDE Of THE pHArYNX AND EXTEND TO THE ANTErIOr END Of THE INTESTINE ( FIgS. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 2C View FIGURE 2 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ). THE INTESTINE, 670–960 µm (N=5) IN lENgTH, EXTENDS frOm THE pOSTErIOr END Of pHArYNX TO THE ANTErIOr END Of fEmAlE ATrIUm ( FIgS. 1A View FIGURE 1 , 2A View FIGURE 2 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ). ADHESIvE glANDS ArE SITUATED AT THE vENTrAl SUrfAcE Of THE lONg-Arc pOSTErIOr END Of bODY. ( FIgS. 1D View FIGURE 1 , 3F View FIGURE 3 ).

THE fEmAlE rEprODUcTIvE SYSTEm cONSISTS Of OvArIES, OvIDUcTS, fEmAlE ATrIUm AND fEmAlE gONOpOrE. THE pAIrED OvArIES ArE lOcATED ON EITHEr SIDE Of THE INTESTINE AT 66% Of bODY lENgTH. ImmATUrE EggS ArE SITUATED IN THE ANTErIOr 50% Of THE OvArIES, fOllOwED bY mATUrE EggS wITH mOrE pIgmENT. FEmAlE ATrIUm wITH NUmErOUS SpErm frOm OTHEr INDIvIDUAlS IS lOcATED AT THE 75% Of THE bODY lENgTH, pOSTErIOr TO THE INTESTINE ( FIgS. 1A View FIGURE 1 , 2A View FIGURE 2 ). FEmAlE gONOpOrE IS SUrrOUNDED rADIAllY bY mANY glANDS AND OpENS AT THE vENTrAl SIDE Of THE fEmAlE ATrIUm. ( FIgS. 2B & D View FIGURE 2 , 3B View FIGURE 3 ).

THE mAlE rEprODUcTIvE SYSTEm cONSISTS Of pAIrED TESTES, vAS DEfErENS, A fAlSE vESIcUlA SEmINAlIS, A vESIcUlA SEmINAlIS, A vESIcUlA grANUlOrUm, A pENIS STYlET AND THE mAlE gONOpOrE. THE pAIrED rOD-SHApED TESTES ArE lOcATED ON EITHEr SIDE Of THE INTESTINE AT 33% Of THE bODY lENgTH. IT cONNEcTS pOSTErIOrlY TO THE fAlSE vESIcUlA SEmINAlIS vIA THE vAS DEfErENTIA. THE lONg OvAl-SHApED fAlSE vESIcUlA SEmINAlIS cONNEcTS TO THE vESIcUlA SEmINAlIS AT ITS lEfT SIDE. THE vESIcUlA SEmINAlIS IS AlSO OvAl- SHApED AND cONNEcTS TO THE vESIcUlA grANUlOrUm AT ITS ANTErIOr lEfT SIDE. THE vESIcUlA grANUlOrUm IS pArTIAllY INSErTED INTO THE bASE Of THE pENIS STYlET ( FIgS. 1C View FIGURE 1 , 2B & E View FIGURE 2 , 3B–C View FIGURE 3 ). PENIS STYlET, 160– 170 µm (N=3) IN lENgTH, lOcATED pOSTErIOr TO vESIcUlA grANUlOrUm, AND HAS THrEE bENDS (140° AT 50%, 130° AT 65%, AND 100° AT 90% ANTErIOr pOSITION), AND fOrmS A cOmplEX HOOk-SHApED STrUcTUrE. THE bASE Of pENIS STYlET IS fUNNEl-SHApED AND ITS DIAmETEr IS 29–32 µm (N=3). THE DIAmETEr Of pENIS STYlET grADUAllY DEcrEASES frOm THE bASE TO THE pOSTErIOr 33% pOSITION, wHIlE THE DIAmETEr Of THE DISTAl OpENINg IS 6 µm (N=3). THE mAlE gONOpOrE IS lOcATED pOSTErIOr TO THE pENIS STYlET ( FIgS. 1F–G View FIGURE 1 , 3D View FIGURE 3 ).

THE lENgTH Of THE mATUrE SpErm IS 80–90 µm (N=3), wITH NO ObvIOUS bOUNDArY bETwEEN fEElEr AND bODY. THE lENgTH Of THE SHAfT IS 30–34 µm (N=3). THE pAIrED brISTlES, 8–9 µm IN lENgTH (N=3), ArE lOcATED AT THE bOUNDArY bETwEEN bODY AND SHAfT. THE pOSTErIOr END Of THE SpErm IS THINNEr THAN THE bODY AND HAS A clUSTEr Of brUSHES, 3.0– 4.5 µm IN lENgTH (N=3) ( FIgS. 1E View FIGURE 1 , 3E View FIGURE 3 ).

Taxonomic comparison. Macrostomum extraculum AX et al., 1990, AND M. retortum PApI, 1951 ArE mOST SImIlAr TO M. shiyanensis n. sp. IN TErmS Of THE mOrpHOlOgY Of THEIr pENIS STYlET ( TAb. 3). IN M. extraculum , THE pENIS STYlET IS 68–72 µm IN lENgTH AND AlSO IS SImIlArlY bENT ON DIffErENT DImENSIONS. THE DIAmETEr AT ITS bASE IS 18– 22 µm AND DEcrEASES grADUAllY frOm THE bASE TO THE pOSTErIOr 50% pOSITION. THE DISTAl END IS SlIgHTlY SwOllEN, wITH AN OpENINg Of 3 µm. AS fOr M. retortum , THE pENIS STYlET IS 1 27–138 µm lONg AND HAS TwO cUrvES. THE pOSTErIOr cUrvE SHOwS AN AcUTE ANglE, wHIlE THE DISTAl END IS SlIgHTlY lIfTED AND THE DIAmETEr Of THE OpENINg IS 3.5 µm. IN cONTrAST, THE pENIS STYlET Of M. shiyanensis n. sp. IS 160–170 µm lONg, wHIlE ITS DIAmETEr grADUAllY DEcrEASES frOm THE bASE TO THE pOSTErIOr 33% pOSITION. THE DISTAl END IS NOT SwOllEN, wHIlE THE DIAmETEr Of THE DISTAl OpENINg IS 6 µm. AccOrDINglY, mOrpHOlOgIcAl cHArAcTErISTIcS Of M. shiyanensis n. sp. ArE DISTINcT frOm THOSE Of THE SImIlAr SpEcIES. THErEfOrE, IT IS EvIDENT THAT M. shiyanensis IS A NEw SpEcIES Of THE gENUS Macrostomum .

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Platyhelminthes
Class	Rhabditophora
Order	Macrostomida
Family	Macrostomidae

Macrostomum Schmidt, 1848

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