Acrosathe vialis (Osten Sacken)

Webb, Donald W., 2009, A revision of the genera Acrosathe Irwin and Lyneborg, Arenigena Irwin and Lyneborg, and Litolinga Irwin and Lyneborg (Diptera: Therevidae: Therevinae) from the Nearctic Region, Zootaxa 2091 (1), pp. 1-67 : 26-30

Acrosathe vialis (Osten Sacken)

(Figs. 43–49, 54)

vialis Osten Sacken (1877:274 desc.), Coquillett (1893a: 197 spec. key), Aldrich (1905:248 cat.), Kröber (1912: 248 male key, 250 fem. key, 255 spec. list, 258 desc.; 1913: 43 male key, 44, fem. key, 62 dist.), Cole (1923a: 87 male key, 88 fem. key, 94 fem. desc., Figs. 129 fem. head, 140 ant., 147 male genit., 158 wing; 1925:85 add. dist.; 1965:354 cat.) ( Thereva ); Irwin and Lyneborg (1981a:225 comb. change, spec. list), Holston (2004:65 nom.) ( Acrosathe ). Type locality USA, California, Yosemite. Lectotype male in MCZ.

novella Coquillett (1893a:198 key, 200 male /fem. desc.), Kröber (1912 a: 248 male key, 250 fem. key, 255 sp. list; 1913:44 fem. key, 59 dist.), Cole (1923a: 86 male key, 88 fem. key, 93 repub. desc., Fig. 139 ant.; 1965:354 cat.) ( Thereva ); Irwin and Lyneborg (1981a:225 comb. change, sp. list), Holston (2004:58 nom.) ( Acrosathe ). Type locality USA, California, Los Angeles County. Syntypes in USNM (not located in USNM). New Synonym.

Coquillett (1893a) described Thereva novella based on five males and one female from Los Angeles County, California, which had the “style of antennae two-fifths as long as the third joint; pile and bristles of vertex and bristles of occiput yellowish-white; thorax destitute of black pile; knob of halteres brown, margined with yellow; veins of wings largely yellow, stigma also yellow and indistinct”. The thorax lacking black setae and the yellow veins of the wings which lack any brown markings would key this species out to Acrosathe vialis or A. falcata . Several specimens with the label “Los Angeles County, California, Collection Coquillett” (MEI 113537, 113562–3, 113572–3) have been identified as A. vialis . No specimens of A. falcata have been identified from southern California ( Fig. 51 ). Also, several males and females of A. vialis have been found to have pale postocular and occipital macrosetae. Although the syntypes of Thereva novella could not be located in the USNM, I am synonomizing Thereva novella with Acrosathe vialis based on the wing veins being yellow and lacking brown margins and the type locality for the syntypes of Thereva novella being Los Angeles County, California.

Diagnosis. The male of Acrosathe vialis is similar to A. falcata in having the eyes holoptic, the ommatidia smaller ventrally and laterally, the wing veins and cross-veins lacking a dark brown margin, and having the setae on the head and thorax white to dark yellow. It differs from A. falcata in having the male sternite 8 (Fig. 44) with setae continuous across posterior margin; the aedeagus with AAP (Figs. 48) curved dorsally, extending two-thirds length of distiphallus, with apex recurved (Fig. 46); and the gonostylus dorsal view (as in Fig. 21 ) lacking a lateral, pointed flange. The female of Acrosathe vialis is similar to A. bimaculata and A. otiosa in having the frons with a dark brown pubescent area (as in Fig. 7 ). Acrosathe vialis and A. bimaculata are separated from A. otiosa in lacking a brown margin on the wing veins and cross-veins. It is separated from A. bimaculata in having the scape subequal to the width of the flagellum and the furca (Fig. 49) narrow, elongate, over twice as long as wide.

Redescription of MALE. Variation (n=10).

Body length 6.3–9.1, 8.1 mm.

Head. Length 0.92–1.42, 1.09 mm. Ocellar tubercle dark reddish brown, pubescence gray; setae black, elongate. Eyes holoptic, separated by distance 0.1 times width of median ocellus; ommatidia smaller ventrally and laterally. Frons pubescence gray, dense, dark brown along dorsal margin; setae primarily white (occasionally intermixed with dark brown setae; occasionally completely dark brown). Antenna dark brown, pubescence gray, dense on scape and pedicel; antenna/head length 0.77–1.20, 0.82; scape length 0.24–0.40, 0.35 mm, width 0.14–0.18, 0.16 mm, length/width 1.7–2.5, 2.2, scape/pedicel length 2.4–4.2, 3.1, scape/ flagellum width 1.0–1.1, 1.1, setae white, elongate, macrosetae dark reddish brown; pedicel length 0.10–0.12, 0.11 mm, width 0.14–0.18, 0.15 mm, length/width 0.63–0.86, 0.74, setae white (occasionally intermixed with dark brown setae); flagellum length 0.35–0.42, 0.43 mm, width 0.14–0.18, 0.15 mm, length/width 2.6–3.4, 2.9, flagellum/scape length 0.9–1.5, 1.2. Parafacial pubescence gray; setae white, elongate on lateral half (occasionally with dark brown setae dorsolaterally). Maxillary palpus brown, pubescence white, dense; length 0.28–0.66, 0.48 mm, width 0.06–0.12, 0.08 mm, length/width 3.5–9.7, 6.3; setae white, elongate. Genal setae white, elongate. Occipital setae white, elongate; macrosetae dark brown (occasionally pale to dark yellow). Postocular macrosetae dark brown (occasionally pale to dark yellow).

Thorax. Macrosetae dark reddish brown 2–3, 3 np, 1–2, 2 sa, 1 pa, 0–2, 1 dc. Mesonotum dark brown, pubescence gray, dense, vittae absent; setae white, elongate, erect. Postpronotal setae white, elongate. Prosternum setae white. Pleuron pubescence gray, dense; setae white, elongate on propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, laterotergite, metanepisternum, and scutellum. Wing. Membrane hyaline, veins brown (occasionally with brown margin at apical margin of bm); length 4.8–6.7, 6.0 mm, width 1.5–2.3, 2.0 mm, length/width 2.5–3.2, 2.9; cell m 3 closed, petiolate. Halter stalk dark brown, knob dark yellow. Legs. Coxae dark brown, pubescence whitish gray, dense; setae white, elongate; apical macrosetae dark reddish brown, hindcoxa with 1 posterolateral macroseta. Femora dark brown, pubescence whitish gray, dense; ventral setae white, elongate, dorsal setae white, appressed. Tibiae dark yellow becoming dark reddish brown apically. Tarsus 1 dark yellow, apex dark reddish brown; 2–5 dark reddish brown.

Abdomen. Pubescence white, dense; dorsal setae white, elongate, appressed; lateral setae white, erect. Terminalia (MEI 072392) dark reddish brown. Tergite 8 (Fig. 43), setae white. Sternite 8 (Fig. 44) rectangular, sides tapered posteriorly; posterior margin slightly emarginate medially; setae white, continuous across posterior margin. Epandrium (Fig. 43), dark brown, longer medially than wide; anterior margin broadly emarginate with sclerotized collar; posterolateral margin pointed; setae white. Cerci (Fig. 43) ending distal to apex of hypoproct. Hypoproct (Fig. 43), posterior margin truncate, ending basal to apex of cerci. Gonocoxite ventral view (Fig. 44), median margin straight then tapering towards narrow, clavate posterolateral projection, setae white, macrosetae dark brown; lateral view (Fig. 45) oval, tapered posteriorly to thick point. Gonostylus (as in Fig. 21 ). Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme (Fig. 46) narrow, sides emarginate, anterior margin rounded; ventral apodeme (Fig. 47) narrow, reaching anterior margin of dorsal apodeme; distiphallus dorsal view (Fig. 46) tapered posteriorly, slightly bulbous apically, lateral view (Fig. 48) sinuous, AAP ( Figs. 6 , 48) sinuate, apex curved dorsally, extending three-fourths length of distiphallus; ejaculatory apodeme (Fig. 46) reaching anterior margin of dorsal apodeme.

FEMALE. Similar to male except for following. Variation (n=10).

Body length 7.8–10.4, 9.4 mm.

Head. Length 1.00–1.28, 1.14 mm. Frons pubescence whitish gray, dense on ventral third, brownish gray on dorsal third with large, dark brown, pubescent circle dorsolaterally (as in Fig. 7 ), pale yellowish brown pubescence between and ventral to dark brown pubescent circles; setae pale yellow, elongate on ventral fourth with dark brown setae ventral to ocellar tubercle. Antenna/head length 0.79–0.95, 0.85; scape length 0.34–0.44, 0.38 mm, width 0.14–0.18, 0.17 mm, length/width 2.1–2.8, 2.3, scape/pedicel length 3.1–4.0, 3.4, scape/flagellum width 1.0–1.1, 1.0, setae pale yellow, elongate; pedicel length 0.10–0.12, 0.11 mm, width 0.14–0.16, 0.16 mm, length/width 0.6–0.8, 0.7; flagellum length 0.44–0.52, 0.47 mm, width 0.14–0.16, 0.16 mm, length/width 2.6–3.7, 2.9, flagellum/scape length 1.2–1.5, 1.2. Maxillary palpus pale brown; length 0.44–0.64, 0.60 mm, width 0.06–0.12, 0.10 mm, length/width 5.3–8.0, 6.5; setae pale yellow, elongate. Genal setae whitish yellow, elongate. Occipital setae pale yellow, elongate; macrosetae dark brown.

Thorax. Macrosetae 2–3, 3 np, 2 sa, 1 pa, 0–2, 0 dc. Mesonotum pubescence brownish gray; setae whitish yellow on prosternum, propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, laterotergite, metanepisternum, and scutellum. Wing. Length 6.7–7.5, 6.8 mm, width 1.8–2.5, 2.1 mm, length/width 2.7–3.4, 3.2; cell m 3 closed at wing margin or open slightly.

Abdomen. Dark brown, pubescence white to whitish gray, dense; dorsal setae white to whitish elongate on tergite 1 becoming short appressed posteriorly; lateral setae white to whitish yellow. Terminalia (MEI 011602) dark reddish brown, glossy. Furca (Fig. 49) oblong, greater than twice as long as wide, anterior margin rounded; length 0.86 mm, width 0.26 mm; anterolateral projection short.

Immature stages. One male (MEI 012499) has been reared from a larva sieved at Zmudowski State Beach, California.

Distribution. Acrosathe vialis is known from Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming ( Fig. 54 ).

Habitats and Phenology. Acrosathe vialis has primarily been hand-netted or collected in antifreeze pit traps; in Malaise traps in riparian meadows, damp creek beds, and sand areas; or hand-netted on Salix gooddingii C.R. Ball and Salix lasiolepis Benth. Adults have been collected from March through November.

Specimens examined. Type specimens. Six syntype males (MEI 134314–9) of Thereva vialis were examined from the MCZ (Type No. 10677) with the following label information: First label red with handwritten number "10677" and white border with typeset "Type"; second label white with handwritten "Yosemite, Cal., June 5, O. S." [MEI 134316], "June 9, O. Sacken " [MEI 134418], "June 11, O. S." [MEI 134415, 134419), and "June 14, O. S." [MEI 134414, 134417]; third label white with typeset " O. Sacken " and "West. Dipt." handwritten in ink. The male (MEI 134316) is designated as the lectotype ( MCZ) . This lectotype is designated in order to fix the concept of Thereva vialis Osten Sacken and to ensure universal and consistent interpretation of the same. The other males labeled MEI 134314–5, 134317–9 are designated as paralectotypes (MCZ). Coquillett based his description of Thereva novella on five males and one female syntypes from Los Angeles County, California. None of these syntypes could be found in USNM collection. Other specimens . UNITED STATES. ARIZONA. 16.1 km NW Ganado [36.071, -109.647], 11.VIII.1976, Chamberlain, W.F., 1♀ MEI 076503 ( TAMU) . CALIFORNIA. Yosemite National Park , 1.VIII.1962, Dreisbach, R., Dreisbach, K., 1♂ MEI 134960 ( MSUC) . Alameda County. Sunol [37.6, -121.9], 23.VI.1939, Bush, W.C., MEI 011833 ( EMEC) ; 16.1 km South of Livermore, Arroyo Mocho Stream [37.535, -121.76], 30.VI.1957, Burdick, D., 1♂ MEI 012018 ( MEIC) ; 28 km NE Livermore, Mines Road, Arroyo Mocho [stream] [37.689, -121.875], 27.VI.1965, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♀ MEI 157202 ( CAS) ; Arroyo Mocho , 32.2 km S Livermore [37.392, -121.767], 13.VI.1959, Powers, J.R., 1♂ MEI 012009 ( EMEC) ; 4.0 km South Livermore [37.602, -121.772], 29.VI.1986, Pulawski, W.J., 1♀ MEI 157220 ( CAS) . Alpine County. 12.9 km S Markleeville, Carson River [38.579, -119.779], 22.VI.1962, MacNeill, C.D., 4♂ MEI 012663, 157171–3, 1♀ MEI 012666 ( MEIC) ; Powell , J., 4♂ MEI 011725–8, 1♀ 012012 ( EMEC) ; Markleeville [38.695, - 119.779], 12.VI.1962, Allen, H.P., 2♂ MEI 072434–5 ( CSCA) ; 22.VI.1963, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 3♂ MEI 157163–5, 2♀ 157208–9 ( CAS) ; Woodfords [38.778, -119.821], 10.VII.1958, Bohart, R.M., 1♀ MEI 011670 ( UCR) ; 4.VI.1960, Strong, F.E., 1♂ MEI 011549 ( MEIC) . Colusa County. Colusa [39.214, -122.008], 15.VIII.1955, Schuster, R.O., 1♀ MEI 011617 ( MEIC) ; 1.IX.1957, Wasbauer, M., 2♀ MEI 011661–2 ( UCDC) . Contra Costa County. Danville [37.822, -121.999], 28.VII.1951, Williams, F.X., 1♂ MEI 157280 ( CAS) ; 9.V.1952, 1♂ MEI 157262 ( CAS) ; 10.V.1952, 1♂ MEI 157263 ( CAS) ; 13.V.1952, Williams, F.X., 2♂ MEI 157260, 157267 ( CAS) ; 14.V.1952, 8♂ MEI 157264, 157266, 157268–9, 157272–3, 157275–6, 2♀ 157270, 157344 ( CAS) , on sand near stream; 4.VI.1952, Williams, F.X., 1♂ MEI 157186, 1♀ 157227 ( CAS) ; 24.VI.1952, 4♂ MEI 157261, 157265, 157271, 157274 ( CAS) ; 11.VIII.1952, 1♀ MEI 157228 ( CAS) . Del Norte County. Crescent City [41.756, -124.201], 10.VII.1930, Aldrich, J.M., 5♂ MEI 113574, 113576, 113578, 113581–2, 1♀ 113579 ( USNM) ; Smith River [41.928, -124.146], 22.VII.1932, Aldrich, J.M., 1♂ MEI 113580 ( USNM) . El Dorado County. 11.3 km S Yellow Jacket Campground [38.787, -120.385], 24.VI.1981, Bezark, L.G., 1♀ MEI 163880 ( BEZC) , Malaise trap; 30.VI.1987, 2♂ MEI 078706, 170177 ( BEZC) ; 3.2 km S Kyburz [38.75, -120.353], 1280m, 26.VI–3.VII.1985, Eichlin, T.D., 3♂ MEI 072543–4, 072550 ( CSCA) , antifreeze pit trap; Echo Lake [38.834, -120.041], 26.VII.1966, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♀ MEI 157218 ( CAS) ; Ice House Road [38.828, -120.364], 29.V–16.VI.2001, Holston, K.C., 3♂ MEI 081698, 082000, 157899, 3♀ 082008, 082010–11 ( INHS) , Malaise trap in riparian meadow; near Silver Creek , 11.3 km S Yellow Jacket Camp [38.744, -120.385], 5.VII.1986, Bezark, L.G., 6♂ MEI 078704–5, 164308–10, 164327, 1♀ 164343 ( BEZC) , sandy area; Silver Creek Campground [38.816, 120.38], 5–6.VI.1973, Young, D.K., Young, D.C., 1♂ MEI 134968 ( MSUC) ; China Flat , 28.VI.1948, Hurd, P.D., 1♂ MEI 011770 ( EMEC) .

Fresno County. Bear Creek Diversion Dam [37.335, -118.973], 19.VI.1975, Griswold, T., 1♂ MEI 072783 ( EMUS) ; 24.2 km E Fresno [36.748, -119.554], 19.VII.1966, MEI 011541 ( UCDC) ; Headley 17.IV.1957, Rice, R.E., 1♀ MEI 011642 ( MEIC) . Humboldt County. 1.61 km S Blue Lake [40.883, -123.983], 24.IV.1959, collector?, 1♂ MEI 072436 ( CSCA) ; 3.2 km S Shively, Eel River [40.402, -123.969],?. VII.1985, Bezark, L.G., 4♂ MEI 164328–31 ( BEZC) ; Blue Lake [40.881, -123.99], 20–27.VI.2007, Bradley, 1♂ MEI 075587 ( CUIC) ; Eureka [40.802, -124.163], 6.V.1935, Baker, E.W., 1♂ MEI 157904 ( AMNH) ; 11.VI.1935, 1♂ MEI 164289 ( AMNH) ; Grizzly Creek [40.486, -123.906], 6.VIII.1967, Bliven, B.P., 2♀ MEI 157206–7 ( CAS) ; Miranda , on Highway 101 [40.235, -123.823], 8.VI.1952, Bliven, B.P., 1♂ MEI 157184, 1♀ 157226 ( CAS) ; Richardson Grove [39.84, -121.776], 30.IV.1959, Haig, T.R., 1♀ MEI 072246 ( CSCA) ; 6.4 km W Arcata [40.867, -124.139], 26.VII.1975, Buegler, M.E., Schlinger, E.I., 1♀ MEI 164335 ( EMEC) . Kern County. 5 km north of Kernville [35.795, -118.417], 30.IV.1972, Doyen, J., 1♂ MEI 011775 ( MEIC) ; Bakersfield [35.356, -119.005], 20.VIII.1917, Bequaers, J., 1♀ MEI 081081 ( MCZ) ; Miracle Hot Springs [35.67, -118.41], 29.IV.1964, sex? MEI 011825 ( EMEC) . Lake County. 5.6 km N Middletown [38.803, - 122.615], 19.IV.1954, Schlinger, E.I., 6♂ MEI 011533–8 ( UCDC) ; 8.1 km S Kelseyville [38.978, -122.838], 10.V.1953, 1♂ MEI 012698 ( OSUO) . Lassen County. 20.9 km S Ravendale, Secret Creek [40.799, - 120.364], 5.VI.1970, Rude, P.A., 1♂ MEI 012070 ( MEIC) ; Hallelujah Junction [39.776, -120.038], 28.VI.1962, Montgomery, E.J., 1♀ MEI 011604 ( MEIC) ; 2.VI.1964, Richerson, P., 1♀ MEI 011603 ( MEIC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 1♂ MEI 157175, 1♀ MEI 157176 ( CAS) ; 22.VI.1964, collector?, 1♂ 072795 ( EMUS) ; Bohart , R.M., 3♂ MEI 011363, 011371, 011437, 2♀ 011599–600 ( MEIC) ; Froebe , J.A., 1♂ MEI 011377 ( MEIC) ; Parker , F.D., 2♀ MEI 011602, 011623 ( UCDC) ; Richerson , P., 1♀ MEI 011601 ( MEIC) ; Seminoff , S.G., 2♀ MEI 012007–8 ( MEIC) ; Sharp , R.D., 1♀ MEI 012487 ( MEIC) ; Slansky , J.E., 8♂ MEI 011360–2, 011364–8 ( MEIC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 1♂ MEI 157174 ( CAS) ; Veirs , D.F., 1♀ MEI 072787 ( EMUS) ; 2.VII.1964, Froebe, J.A., 3♂ MEI 011372–3, 011378 ( MEIC) ; Richerson , P., 1♂ MEI 011369 ( MEIC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 1♂ MEI 157162 ( CAS) ; 7.VII.1964, Miller, J.R., 1♂ MEI 011370 ( MEIC) ; Denno , R.F., 1♂ MEI 011569 ( MEIC) ; 30.VI.1970, Villegas, B., 3♂ MEI 011560, 011566 ( UCDC) , 011573 (MEIC), 1♀ 011649 ( UCDC) ; 28.VI.1972, Casey, S.F., 1♂ MEI 011571 ( UCDC) ; 11.VII.1977, Johnson, J.B., 3♂ MEI 079924, 079927 ( WFBM) , 135013 (MSUC); 28.VI.1962, Irwin , M.E., 1♂ MEI 012204 ( MEIC) ; 22.VI.1964, Ellison, R.R., 4♂ MEI 012207, 012215, 012218–9, 3♀ 011622, 012252–3 ( MEIC) ; Scott , R.E., 3♂ MEI 012205–6 ( MEIC) ; Slansky , J.E., 1♂ MEI 012213 ( MEIC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 1♂ MEI 157177 ( CAS) ; 1.VII.1964, Parker, F.D., 1♀ MEI 011621 ( UCDC) ; 2.VII.1964, Irwin , M.E., 3♂ MEI 012202–3, 012217, 3♀ 012254–6, 012265 ( MEIC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 2♀ MEI 157224–5 ( CAS) ; 30.VI.1970, Chandler, D.S., 1♂ MEI 011567 ( UCDC) ; 11.VII.1970, 1♀ MEI 011654 ( UCDC) ; 28.VI.1972, Kok, M.L., 1♂ MEI 011568 ( UCDC) ; 13.VII.1972, Bohart, R.M., 1♀ MEI 011651 ( UCDC) ; 28.VII.1972, 1♀ MEI 011652 ( UCDC) ; 1.VII.1974, 1♀ MEI 011650 ( UCDC) . Los Angeles. Studebaker [33.92, -118.096], 3.V.1911, Timberlake, P.H., 1♀ MEI 012453 ( MEIC) ; 2♂ MEI 113562, 113572 ( USNM) ; date?, Johnson , C.W., 1♂ MEI 081082 ( MCZ) ; 14.IV.?, 1♀ MEI 113563 ( USNM) ; 15.IV.?, 1♂ MEI 113573 ( USNM) ;?. IV.?, 1♂ MEI 113537 ( USNM) ; 3 km N Hidden Hills, Bell Canyon , Simi Hills [34.217, -118.65], 7.VIII.1999, Irwin , M.E., 1♀ MEI 113527 ( MEIC) , Malaise trap; Angeles National Forest , Islip Canyon [34.2, -117.867], 12.VI.1974, Wilder, D.D., 4♀ MEI 157213–4, 157216, 157229 ( CAS) ; Burbank [34.181, -118.308], 25.III.1939, 1♂ MEI 012011 ( MEIC) ; Claremont [34.097, -117.719], Aldrich, J.M., 1♂ MEI 113561 ( USNM) ; Long Beach [33.767, - 118.188], 14.VIII.1949, Melander, W., 1♀ MEI 113715 ( USNM) ; Los Angeles [34.052, -118.243], 26.IV.1915, Van Duzee, M.C., 1♀ MEI 157339 ( CAS) ; 30.IV.1915, 1♂ MEI 081084 ( MCZ) ; 9.V.1915, 1♀ MEI 157338 ( CAS) ; 31.III.1978, 1♂ MEI 012688 ( CUIC) ; Los Cerritos [33.847, -118.161], 4.IX.1915, Van Duzee, M.C., 1♀ MEI 157340 ( CAS) ; Mount Lowe , Alpine Inn [34.233, -118.1], 12.VI.1921, Aldrich, J.M., 1♀ MEI 009225 ( USNM) ; Pallett Creek [34.461, -117.864], 14.IV.1951, MacNeill, C.D., 1♀ MEI 012667 ( MEIC) ; Pomona [34.051, -117.771], 29.IV.1933, McKenzie, H.L., 1♂ MEI 011552 ( MEIC) ; Santa Monica Mountains , Topanga Canyon [34.039, -118.583], 20.IV.1961, Fisher, E., 1♂ MEI 012440 ( MEIC) ; 17.V.1964, 1♂ MEI 012446, 1♀ 012452 ( MEIC) ; Tapia Park [34.085, -118.706], 9.VII.1963, Snelling, B.R., 2♀ MEI 012669–70 ( MEIC) ; Whittier [33.979, -118.032], 26.VII.1923, Basinger, A.J., MEI 011829 ( EMEC) ; Santa Monica Mountains [34.085, -118.706], 20.IV.1968, Fisher, E., 1♂ MEI 012443–5 ( MEIC) . Marin County. Arroyo Sausal, W of Point Reyes - Petaluma Road , Hicks Valley [38.146, -122.711], 115m, 15.VIII.1987, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♀ MEI 157223 ( CAS) , Arnaud flight trap; Tocaloma [38.05, -122.758], 13.V.1962, O’Brien, C.W., 3♂ MEI 012232–4 ( EMEC) ; North Beach [38.077, -122.975], 0–30m, 10.V.1980, Hostettler, N., 1♂ MEI 128526 ( FSCA) . Mariposa County. Big Creek , Summerdale Forest Camp, Big Creek [37.492, - 119.633], 1520m, 28.VI.1973, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 3♂ MEI 157166–7, 157179, 3♀ 157199–201 ( CAS) ; Fish Camp [37.479, -119.639], 10.VI.1942, Linsley, E.C., MEI 012144 ( MEIC) ; Yosemite Valley [37.725, - 119.611], 22.V.1908, 1♂ MEI 012657, 1♀ 170175 ( MEIC) ; Cresson, E.T., Jr., 1♂ MEI 012655 ( MEIC) ; Van Dyke , E.C., 1♂ MEI 157279, 1♀ 157341 ( CAS) ; Summerdale Campground [37.492, -119.633], 1524m, 11–15.VI.1973, Young, D.K., Young, D.C., 1♀ MEI 134987 ( MSUC) ; Crane Flat , 2.VIII.1962, Dreisbach, R., Dreisbach, K., 1♂ MEI 134982 ( MSUC) . Mendocino County. 30.V.1920, Nunenmacher, R.W., 1♀ MEI 164345 ( MEIC) ; 24.2 km west of Laytonville [39.68, -123.698], 15.VI.1972, Doyen, J., 1♀ MEI 012080 ( MEIC) ; near Hopland , Russian River [38.97, -123.11], 9.V.1970, Powell, J.A., 4♀ MEI 012037, 012075–6, 012086 ( EMEC) . Mono County. 20.9 km NE Bridgeport, East Walker River [38.389, -119.097], 27.V.1974, Wasbauer, M.S., Wasbauer, J.S., 5♀ MEI 073047–51 ( CSCA) ; 11.3 km E Bodie [38.21, -118.908], 2.VII.1964, Rude, P., 4♂ MEI 011766–9 ( MEIC) ; 8.1 km N Bridgeport, Huntoon Forest Camp [38.287, - 119.302], 2073m, 22.VII.1966, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♀ MEI 157217 ( CAS) ; Topaz Lake [38.679, -119.533], 26.VI.1957, Burns, J.M., 1♂ MEI 011740 ( MEIC) ; MacSwain , J.W., 3♂ MEI 011731–2, 011745 ( MEIC) ; Pritchard , A.E., 5♂ MEI 011739, 011741–4 ( MEIC) . Monterey County. 9.7 km W Greenfield, Arroyo Seco River [36.3232, -121.2447], 16.VIII.1964, Ballmer, G.R., 1♂ MEI 012235 ( MEIC) ; 1.6 km SW of San Lucas [36.11, -121.03], 1.V.1975, Doyen, J., 1♀ MEI 012030 ( MEIC) ; 8.1 air km SW Greenfield , Arroyo Seco River [36.269, -121.294], 122m, 3.V.1975, Chemsak, J.A., 7♂ MEI 012026–8, 012032–3, 012054, 011846 ( EMEC) ; 3.V.1975, Szerlip, S.L., 4♂ MEI 012038, 012051–2, 012077, 1♀ 012034 ( MEIC) ; 8.V.1975, Rodgers, E., 1♂ MEI 012022 ( MEIC) , flight trap; 9–10.V.1975, Rogers, E., 3♂ MEI 012025, 012031, 157294 ( CAS) ; Carmel [Carmel-by-the Sea] [36.555, -121.922], 1.IX.1960, Santana, F.J., 1♀ MEI 128529 ( FSCA) ; Salinas [36.678, -121.654], 20.V.1964, Parker, F.D., 7♂ MEI 011553–9 ( UCDC) ; San Ardo [36.021, - 120.904], 1.V.1975, collector?, 1♂ MEI 011878 ( MEIC) ; Zmudowski State Beach [36.841, -121.804], 18.XI.1976, Bezark, L.G., 1♂ MEI 012499 ( BEZC) , sieved; Santa Lucia Range [36.277, -121.822], 15.V.2001, Holston, K.C., 5♂ MEI 157881–3, 157887–8 ( INHS) . Napa County. Oakville [38.437, -122.401], 6.IX.1970, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♀ MEI 157212 ( CAS) ; 11.3 km SE Truckee [39.256, -120.11], 24.VI.1954, Booras, S.D., 1♀ MEI 012095 ( MEIC) . Nevada County. 6 km N Hobart Mills, W Hillside at Sagehen Creek [39.435, -120.212], 30.V–17.VI.2001, Holston, K.C., 2♂ MEI 157900–1 ( INHS) , Malaise trap; Boca [39.39, - 120.09], 28.VI.1954, Blaylock, R.C., 20♂ MEI 011718–23, 011438–46, 011704, 011712–5 ( EMEC) ; Goodwin , R.H., 5♂ MEI 011695–7, 011702, 011716 ( EMEC) ; Powell , J.A., 5♂ MEI 011694, 011708–11 ( EMEC) ; Schaefers , G., 7♂ MEI 011699–703, 011706–7 ( EMEC) ; 3.VII.1954, Booras, S.E., 1♂ MEI 011705 ( EMEC) ; Hurd , P.D., 9♂ MEI 011687–93, 011724, 011698 ( EMEC) ; 9.V.1959, Moore, C.G., 1♀ MEI 011656 ( MEIC) ; 26.VI.1960, Parker, F.D., 2♂ MEI 011576–7 ( UCDC) ; Gillogly , A., 1♀ MEI 012449 ( MEIC) ; Brooks , R.W., 1♂ MEI 116857 ( UCDC) ; Boca Dam [39.39, -120.096], 5.VII.1972, Casey, S.F., 1♂ MEI 011572 ( UCDC) ; near Hobart Mills , Sagehen Creek [39.477, -120.131], 4.VII.1954, Hurd, P.D., 1♂ MEI 012079 ( EMEC) ; 9.VII.1954, Blaylock, R.C., 1♂ MEI 012078 ( MEIC) ; Truckee [39.328, -120.182], 5.VI.1939, Sierra, C.T., 1♂ MEI 072420 ( CSCA) . Orange County. San Juan Capistrano [33.502, -117.662], 17.V.1957, Karamanos, G., 1♀ MEI 012089 ( MEIC) . Placer County. Cisco [39.302, -120.546], 5.VI.1940, James, M.T., James, H.B., 1♀ MEI 075512 ( CSUC) . Plumas County. Taylorsville [40.075, -120.839], 5.VIII.1965, Haig, T.R., 1♂ MEI 072397 ( CSCA) ; 4.8 km SE of Clio, Sulpher Creek [39.709, -120.539], 2.VII.1964, Rude, P., MEI 011827 ( EMEC) ; 6.4 km W Quincy [39.946, -120.998], 30.VI.1949, MacSwain, J.W., 1♂ MEI 011818 ( MEIC) ; Blairsden [39.781, -120.616], 1341m, 21.V.1982, Powell, J., 1♀ MEI 011844 ( EMEC) ; Blairsden [39.781, -120.616], 8.VIII.1965, Buckett, J.S., 2♀ MEI 011640, 011542 ( MEIC) ; Chester [40.306, -121.231], 7.VI.1948, Knull, D.J., Knull, J.N., 4♀ MEI 164338–41 ( OSU) ; 7.VII.1948, 3♂ MEI 164332–3, 163850 ( OSU) ; 4.VI.1960, 2♀ MEI 164336–7 ( OSU) ; 7.VI.1960, 1♀ MEI 164342 ( OSU) ; Keddie [40.015, -120.96], 6.VI.1918, Jones, F.M., 1♂ MEI 012656 ( MEIC) ; Portola [39.811, -120.468], 5.VI.1915, Van Duzee, M.C., 1♂ MEI 157287 ( CAS) ; Quincy [39.937, -120.946], 25.IV.1977, Haig, T.R., 1♀ MEI 072248 ( CSCA) . Riverside County. Idyllwild, San Jacinto Mtns , 1.VI.1939, Smith, R.F., MEI 012099 ( MEIC) ; Riverside [33.94, -117.397], 20.IV.1940, Timberlake, 1♀ MEI 012455 ( MEIC) ; 5.V.1940, Timberlake, 1♂ MEI 012457 ( MEIC) , Salix gooddingii ; 28.VI.1940, 1♂ MEI 012458 ( MEIC) , Salix lasiolepis ; 6.IV.1941, 2♀ MEI 012454, 012456 ( MEIC) ; 24.V.1950, Melander, A.L., 1♀ MEI 113708 ( USNM) ; 10.VII.1966, Sjogren, R.D., 1♀ MEI 078272 ( UMSP) ; Riverside , Santa Ana River, 2.IV.1964, Irwin , M.E., 1♀ MEI 012272 ( MEIC) ; 28.IV.1968, Noonan, G.R., Irwin , M.E., 1♀ MEI 012274 ( MEIC) ; 9.IV.1972, Isbell, R.C., 1♂ MEI 012433 ( MEIC) ; San Jacinto Mountains , San Jacinto [Mountain] Peak Trail [33.814, -116.678], 1.VII.1952, Menn, J.J., 1♀ MEI 011835 ( MEIC) ; Folsom [36.67, -121.15], 18.V.1952, Haig, T., 1♂ MEI 012023 ( CSCA) . Sacramento County. Sacramento [38.582, -121.493], 23.IV.1922, Van Duzee, E.P., 1♂ MEI 157281 ( CAS) ; 5.VIII.1952, Blane, F.L., 1♀ MEI 072231 ( CSCA) ; 3.IV.1956, Grigarick, A.A., 2♀ MEI 011643, 011655 ( MEIC) ; 18.V.1956, Fidel, S.M., 1♂ MEI 011550 ( UCDC) ; 29.V.1956, 1♀ MEI 011646 ( UCDC) ; 16.V.1961, Bohart, R.M., 1♀ MEI 011641 ( UCDC) ; 19.V.1961, Parker, F.D., 1♂ MEI 011545 ( UCDC) ; 11.IV.1970, Andrews, F.G., 1♂ MEI 072392 ( CSCA) ; 2.V.1965, Belmont, R.A., 1♂ MEI 072243 ( CSCA) ; 15.VI.1966, Wasbauer, M.S., 2♀ MEI 072442, 073675 ( CSCA) ; 24.VI.1966, 1♂ MEI 073676 ( CSCA) ; 8.IX.1966, 3♀ MEI 072232, 072234, 073674 ( CSCA) ; 7.VI.1966, 1♂ MEI 072394 ( CSCA) ; 24.X.1966, collector?, sex? MEI 073682 ( MEIC) . San Benito County. near Hollister , Casa de Fruta [37.389, -122.656], 3.VI.1999, Wells, S.A., 2♂ MEI 116988–9, 1♀ 116987 ( CSUC) ; Pinnacles National Monument , 24.IV.1948 [36.467, -121.175], 24.IV.1948, sex? MEI 011980 ( MEIC) . San Bernardino County. Mojave River , Deep Creek [34.105, -117.099], 18.III.1965, Stone, M.W., 1♂ MEI 012434 ( MEIC) ; Wilcox , J., 1♀ MEI 012450 ( MEIC) ; Redlands [34.056, -117.182],?.1913, Cole, F.R., 2♀ MEI 012081–2 ( EMEC) ; Rialto [34.106, -117.369], 14.IV.1938, Hurd, P.D., 1♀ MEI 012093 ( EMEC) ; Verdemont , Union Pass [34.193, -117.367], 28.IV.1933, Van Duzee, E.P., 1♂ MEI 157295 ( CAS) . San Diego County. Descanso [32.835, - 116.623], 1280m, 30.V–6.VI.2002, Irwin , M.E., Parker, F.D., 1♂ MEI 151444 ( MEIC) , Malaise trap in damp creek bed; Lake Henshaw [33.232, -116.759], 10.V.1969, Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 012003 ( MEIC) ; Santa Margarita River , 1.V.1984, Sponsler, R., MEI 012473 ( MEIC) . San Joaquin County. Staten Island [38.164, - 121.516], 9.X.1957, Lange, W.H., 1♂ MEI 011570 ( UCDC) ; Stockton [37.958, -121.29], 3.V.1947, Meyes, E.G., 1♂ MEI 011817 ( MEIC) ; 6.VIII.1982, Rond, J. de, 1♂ MEI 136217 ( ZMAN) ; Pismo Beach [35.14, - 120.64], 2.VII.1954, James, M.T., 1♂ MEI 101865 ( MEIC) . San Luis Abispo County. Paso Robles, along E side Salinas River [35.627, -120.69], 17.IV.1990, Webb, D.W., Irwin , M.E., 16♂ MEI 164299–307, 164311–7, 1♀ 083172 ( INHS) ; 14.5 SW Atascadero [35.388, -120.752], 26.IV.1968, collector?, 1♀ MEI 012088 ( MEIC) ; Morro Bay [35.366, -120.849], 12.IX.1968, Wilcox, J., 1♀ MEI 012474 ( MEIC) ; near Templeton , at Salinas River [35.55, -120.705], 28.V.1991, Irwin , M.E., 1♂ MEI 083158 ( MEIC) ; Pismo [35.138, -120.624], 25.IV.1919, Van Duzee, E.P., 1♂ MEI 157293 ( CAS) ; Pozo [35.304, -120.376], 27.IV.1962, Drew, J.K., 3♂ MEI 012013, 012438–9 ( MEIC) ; 28.IV.1962, Toschi, C.A., 2♂ MEI 011789, 012005 ( EMEC) ; 29.IV.1962, Hurd, P.D., 1♂ MEI 012016 ( EMEC) . Santa Barbara County. Cuyama, Cuyama Valley , Clear Creek [34.94, -119.61], 23.III.1940, Dahl, R.G., 1♀ MEI 164344 ( MEIC) . Santa Clara County. Palo Alto [37.442, -122.142], 19.IX.1913, collector?, sex?, MEI 012097 ( MEIC) ; 11–26.IX.1920, collector?, 1♂ MEI 113611 ( USNM) ; 25.VII.1956, Anderson, O., 1♂ MEI 157185 ( CAS) ; San Jose [37.339, - 121.894], 5.IV.1959, Stecker, R., 1♀ MEI 012600 ( MEIC) ; 15.IV.1961, Koenig, L., 1♂ MEI 012231 ( MEIC) ; Smith Creek Ranger Station [37.323, -121.668], 640m, 20–21.VII.1968, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 3♀ MEI 157196–8 ( CAS) ; Stanford University [37.427, -122.169], 30.IV.1920, Cole, F.R., MEI 011824 ( EMEC) ; 2.V.1920, 1♂ MEI 011823 ( EMEC) ; 5.V.1920, 1♂ MEI 011821 ( MEIC) ; 10.V.1920, 1♂ MEI 011819, 1♀ 012087 ( EMEC) ; 15.V.1920, 1♂ MEI 011820 ( EMEC) . Santa Cruz County. Santa Cruz Mountains , 5.V.?, 1♀ MEI 081088 ( MCZ) ; 10.V.?, 1♂ MEI 081086 ( MCZ) ; 1.V.1910, 2♂ MEI 113568, 113570, 2♀ 113567, 113569 ( USNM) ; Mann , W.M., 1♂ MEI 113565 ( USNM) . Shasta County. 3.2 km W Shingletown [40.493, -121.917], 838m, 20.VII.1987, Miller, R.B., 1♀ MEI 128530 ( FSCA) . Sierra County. Little Truckee River [39.502, -120.261], 24.V.2001, Holston, K.C., 3♂ MEI 157884–6 ( INHS) . Siskiyou County. 1.6 km East Ash Creek, Cattle Camp [41.408, -121.79], 15.VI.1976, Coville, R.E., MEI 011845 ( EMEC) ; McBride Springs [41.354, -122.281], 1585m, 10–17.VI.1974, Green, L., 1♂ MEI 012049 ( MEIC) ; Mount Shasta , Panther Meadows [41.355, - 122.199], 2347m, 13.VII.1988, Fisher, E.M., 1♂ MEI 072380 ( CSCA) ; Mt. Shasta Ski Bowl [41.322, - 122.202], 2347m, 1.VIII.1982, Fisher, E.M., 3♂ MEI 0723178, 072320, 2♀ 072319, 072321 ( CSCA) ; Penny Pines Plantation [41.76, -122.48], 19–22.V.1980, Bezark, L.G., 1♀ MEI 163841 ( BEZC) ; Shasta Springs [41.247, -122.26], 13.VI.1920, Fox, C.I., 4♂ MEI 012085, 157252, 157254, 157259, 3♀ 157253, 157331–2 ( CAS) . Solono County. Solano Lake , 14.V.1971, Grissell, E.E., 2♂ MEI 011574–5 ( UCDC) . Sonoma County. Mesa Grande [ Villa Grande ] [38.473, -123.024],?. V.1908, Baumberger, J.P., 2♂ MEI 012658, 012660, 1♀ 012662 ( MEIC) ;?. VI.1908, 1♂ MEI 012659, 1♀ 012661 ( MEIC) ; along Russian River [38.497, -123.011], 15m, 28.VIII.1977, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♀ MEI 157221 ( CAS) . Stanislaus County. 12.9 km N Modesto, along Russian River [37.754, -120.999], 25.IV.1976, Smith, N.J., 1♀ MEI 116854 ( UCDC) ; Patterson , San Joaquim River, end of Pomelo Avenue [37.472, -121.124], 29.V.1989, Nelson, C.R., Shipp, D.B., 10♂ MEI 157240–9, 2♀ 157330, 157346 ( CAS) ; end of Pomelo Avenue , Turlock [37.495, -120.846], 22.VIII.1950, Allen, R.P., 1♀ MEI 157342 ( CAS) ; Del Puerto Canyon [37.488, -121.206], 27.V.1987, Roig, A., Wasbauer, M.S., 1♀ MEI 072612 ( CSCA) , Malaise trap. Tehoma County. Red Bluff [40.184, -122.239], 29.IV–8.V.1984, Chandler, D.S., 1♂ MEI 076748 ( DENH) , sweep-net by pond. Trinity County. Carrville [41.065, -122.703], 732–762m, 16.V.1934, Aitken, T.G.H., MEI 011822 ( EMEC) ; Coffee Creek Rcn. [Coffee Creek Picnic Area] [36.15, -118.75], 914m, 8.VIII.1969, Powell, J., 1♂ MEI 012004 ( EMEC) ; Hayfork Ranger Station [40.553, -123.163], 23.V.1973, Doyen, J., 1♂ MEI 011779 ( MEIC) ; Junction City [40.733, - 123.053], 1.VI.1975, Haig, T.R., 4♂ MEI 072476–7, 072480–2 ( CSCA) ; 17.VI.1975, Haig, T.R., 8♂ MEI 072459–62, 072491–4 ( CSCA) ; 20.VI.1975, 1♀ MEI 072244 ( CSCA) ; 30.VI.1975, 12♂ MEI 072432, 072471–4, 072484–90, 2♀ 072468, 072483 ( CSCA) ; 7.VII.1975, 1♂ MEI 072535 ( CSCA) ; 1.V.1976, 1♂ MEI 072478 ( CSCA) ; 4.V.1978, 8♂ MEI 072676, 072678, 072682–6, 072688 ( CSCA) ; 17.V.1978, 1♂ MEI 072699 ( CSCA) ; 30.VI.1978, 2♂ MEI 071248, 072245 ( CSCA) ; 23.IV.1984, 5♂ MEI 072519–20, 072527, 072533–4 ( CSCA) ; Trinity Alps Resort [40.877, -122.879], 2.VI.1973, Bezark, L.G., 1♂ MEI 012447 ( BEZC) ; 7.VI.1973, 1♂ MEI 012497 ( BEZC) ; Trinity Center [40.983, -122.7], 5–9.VI.1964, Pinto, J.D., 1♂ MEI 012437 ( MEIC) ; Van Duzen Road [40.583, -123.167], 14.VII.1946, Bliven, B.P., 1♂ MEI 157193 ( CAS) . Tulare County. Badger [36.631, -119.013], 29.VI.1973, Bezark, L.G., 1♂ MEI 012498 ( BEZC) ; Kern River , Campground No. 3 [35.807, -118.453], 884m, 11.V.1971, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., Arnaud, M., 1♀ MEI 157219 ( CAS) . Tuloumne County. Smokey Jack Camp [37.8, -119.5], 19.VI.1959, Montgomery, J., Peters, T.M., 1♂ MEI 012674 ( MEIC) ; Mather [37.867, -119.85], 8.VI.1961, Miller, D.R., 1♂ MEI 012236 ( MEIC) ; Eleanor Lake [37.98, -119.85], 2.VII.1951, Downing, C.A., 2♂ MEI 011451, 011479 ( MEIC) ; McClay , A.T., 33♂ MEI 011477–8, 011480–91, 011493–506, 011516, 011518–20, 011578 ( UCDC) ; 26.VI.1951, Morgan, R.W., 1♂ MEI 012039 ( MEIC) ; 2.VI.1951, Lawfer, D.P., 1♂ MEI 011563 ( UCDC) ; Lake Eleanor [37.986, - 119.855], 2.VII.1951, Kappos, S.M., 11♂ MEI 011748–57, 011761 ( MEIC) ; Lawfer , D.P., 7♂ MEI 011733–5, 011746, 011758–60 ( MEIC) ; McClay , A.T., 6♂ MEI 011498, 011579–83 ( UCDC) ; Morgan , R.W., 5♂ MEI 011747, 011762–5 ( MEIC) ; Puttler , B., 1♂ MEI 012462 ( MEIC) ; Pinecrest [38.189, -119.99], 7.VII.1947, Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 2♂ MEI 157278, 157289 ( CAS) ; 12.VII.1948, 1♀ MEI 157345 ( CAS) ; 19.VII.1948, 3♂ MEI 157277, 157290–1 ( CAS) ; Strawberry [38.198, -120.008], 23.VI.1951, Ashlock, P.D., 1♂ MEI 011737 ( MEIC) ; Downing , C.A., 10♂ MEI 011458, 011464–8, 011470–1, 011475–6 ( MEIC) ; 25.VI.1951, 16♂ MEI 011452–7, 011459–63, 011469, 011472–4, 011564 ( UCDC) ; 8.VIII.1960, Cavagnaro, D.Q., 7♂ MEI 012220–6 ( MEIC) ; 8.VIII.1960, Colliver, G.W., 3♂ MEI 011773–4, 011778 ( MEIC) ; 18.VI.1961, Toschi, C.A., 1♂ MEI 011736 ( EMEC) ; 15.VIII.1962, 1♂ MEI 011771 ( EMEC) . Ventura County. Foster Park [34.353, -119.311], 1.VII.1959, Menke, A.E., 1♀ MEI 011658 ( MEIC) ; 26.IV.1964, Fisher, E.M., 1♂ MEI 012442 ( MEIC) ; Oxnard [34.198, -119.176], 7.VII.1959, Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 011585 ( UCDC) ; Sespe Canyon (Gorge) [34.579, -119.257], 13.V.1934, Anderson, E.G., 5♂ MEI 012647, 012092, 012648–50 ( MEIC) ; 10.VII.1959, Campbell, C.A., 3♂ MEI 011834, 011999, 011828 ( EMEC) ; Parker , F.D., 1♀ MEI 011659 ( MEIC) ; Spore , R.W., 3♂ MEI 0120002 ( MEIC) . Washoe County. 8.1 km W Wadsworth [39.634, - 119.358], 1.VIII.1964, Buckett, J.S., 1♂ MEI 011514 ( UCDC) . Yolo County. 8.1 km W Rumsey [Ramsey], Cache Creek Canyon [38.88, -122.309], 19.V.1962, Montgomery, E.J., 1♀ MEI 011639 ( MEIC) ; Capay [38.708, -122.048], 11.V.1964, Rice, R.E., 1♂ MEI 011539 ( UCDC) ; Davis [38.545, -121.739], 24.IV.1936, Bohart, R.M., 1♂ MEI 011532 ( UCDC) ; 27.IV.1947, Hall, J.C., 1♀ MEI 011632 ( UCR) ; 15.V.1948, MacNeill, C.D., 1♂ MEI 157282 ( CAS) ; 4.IV.1951, Bechtel, R.C., 1♀ MEI 011611 ( UCDC) ; 21.IV.1951, Strickcher, J.R., 1♂ MEI 011530 ( UCDC) ; 23.IV.1951, McClay, A.T., 1♀ MEI 011615 ( UCDC) ; 4.V.1951, Bechtel, R.C., 1♀ MEI 011635 ( UCDC) ; McClay , A.T., 1♀ MEI 011634 ( MEIC) ; Schlinger , E.I., 2♂ MEI 011512, 011531 ( UCDC) , 1♀ 011631 ( UCR) ; 5.V.1951, Bechtel, R.C., 1♂ MEI 011529, 1♀ 011629 ( UCDC) ; 7.V.1951, McClay, A.T., 2♀ MEI 011628, 011630 ( MEIC) ; 8.V.1951, Bechtel, R.C., 2♀ MEI 011624–5 ( UCDC) ; McClay , A.T., 1♂ MEI 011528, 1♀ 011614 ( UCDC) ; 16.V.1951, 1♂ MEI 011527, 1♀ 011633 ( UCDC) ; 3.IV.1952, Schlinger, E.I., 1♀ MEI 011613 ( UCDC) ; 5.IV.1952, 1♂ MEI 011508 ( UCDC) ; 16.IV.1952, 1♀ MEI 011627 ( UCDC) ; 17.IV.1952, Bechtel, R.C., 1♂ MEI 011510 ( UCDC) ; Schlinger , E.I., 1♂ MEI 011513 ( UCDC) ; 23.IV.1952, 5♂ MEI 011507, 011509, 011511, 011523, 011525, 2♀ 011612, 011626 ( UCDC) ; Hall , J.C., 4♂ MEI 011521–2, 011524, 011526 ( UCDC) ; 25.IV.1954, Laemmlen, F.F., 1♀ MEI 049277 ( PURC) ; 30.VIII.1956, Bechtel, R.C., 1♀ MEI 011657 ( UCDC) ; 28.IV.1957, Schoeppner, R.F., 1♂ MEI 011645 ( MEIC) ;?. IV.1957, Schoeppner, R.F., 1♀ MEI 170178 ( MEIC) ; 4.V.1957, Rice, R.E., 1♀ MEI 011547 ( UCDC) ; 10.VII.1957, Schoeppner, R.F., 1♂ MEI 011785 ( MEIC) ; 30.V.1958, Bohart, R.M., 1♀ MEI 011644 ( UCDC) ; 27.IV.1959, Menke, A.E., 1♀ MEI 011683 ( MEIC) ; 14.V.1959, Parker, F.D., 1♀ MEI 011647 ( UCDC) ; 8.IV.1961, 1♂ MEI 011544 ( UCDC) ; 8.V.1961, 1♂ MEI 011543 ( UCDC) ; 26.VI.1970, Downing, C.A., 1♂ MEI 011565 ( MEIC) ; 21.V.1976, Villegas, B., 1♂ MEI 125669 ( UCDC) ; 21.V.1986, Mead, A.R., Cazier, M.A., 1♀ MEI 164347 ( MEIC) ; opposite Sacramento , West bank of Sacramento River [38.584, -121.511], 15.VI.1986, Slansky, J.E.; Wasbauer, M.S., 2♀ MEI 157204–5 ( CAS) ; Putah Canyon , 8.IV.1951, Fitch, C., 1♀ MEI 011636 ( MEIC) ; 9.IV.1957, Bechtel, R.C., 1♂ MEI 011551 ( UCDC) ; 11.IV.1957, Grigarick, A.A., 1♂ MEI 011540, 1♀ 011638 ( MEIC) ; Rumsey [Ramsey] [38.76, -122.15], 21.IV.1956, Krtz, E.A., 1♀ MEI 011637 ( MEIC) . IDAHO. Canyon County. Parma [43.785, -116.942], 678m, 1.VI.1928, Lanchester, H., 2♂ MEI 113584–5 ( USNM) . Cassia County. 9.7 km NE Malta [42.368, - 113.307], 1.IX.1962, Hewitt, G.B., 1♂ MEI 012581 ( WFBM) . Elmore County. 38.6 km NE Boise, Grimes Creek , Hwy 21 [43.852, -115.981], 24.VI.1993, Bezark, L.G., 1♂ MEI 164334 ( BEZC) . Fremont County. 9.7 km NW St. Anthony [44.028, -111.743], 13.VI.1963, Barr, W.F., 3♂ MEI 012580, 012588, 012593, 1♀ 012597 ( WFBM) ; St. Anthony [43.966, -111.681], 12.VI.1963, Fillmore, O.O., 2♀ MEI 012598, 012601 ( WFBM) ; Hewitt , G.B., 1♀ MEI 012599 ( WFBM) ; 24.VI.1964, Barr, W.F., 1♀ MEI 012604 ( WFBM) ; Fillmore , O.O., 1♀ MEI 012606 ( WFBM) ; Westcott , R.L., 4♀ MEI 012589, 012603, 012607–8 ( MEIC) . Gooding County. 1.6 km NE Gooding, Wood River [42.949, -114.702], 6.VII.1980, Wasbauer, M.S., Wasbauer, K.M., 5♂ MEI 072621–2, 072624, 072628, 072633 ( CSCA) , Malaise trap. Idaho County. 16.1 km NE Lowell [46.247, -115.492], 7.VII.1963, Gittins, A.R., 7♂ MEI 012577–8, 012582–4, 012592, 012594, 1♀ 012605 ( WFBM) ; 3.2 km S Slate Creek Ranger Station [46.606, -116.301], 27.VI.1963, Stecker, R.E., 1♂ MEI 012585 ( MEIC) . Lincoln County. 6.4 km E Dietrich [42.909, -114.207], 23.V.1964, Fillmore, O.O., 1♂ MEI 012579, 1♀ 012602 ( WFBM) . Nez Perce County. Lewiston [46.393, -116.992], 12.V.1901, Aldrich, J.M., 2♂ MEI 113566, 113577 ( USNM) ; 6.X.1961, Gittins, A.R., 1♂ MEI 012576 ( MEIC) . NEVADA. Lyon County. Dayton [39.237, -119.592], 3.VIII.1957, Haig, T.R., 1♂ MEI 011777 ( MEIC) ; 30.V.1958, 4♂ MEI 011772, 011776, 012015, 012017 ( MEIC) ; 20.VI.1958, 1♂ MEI 011449 ( MEIC) ; 19.VI.1964, Parker, F.D., 4♂ MEI 011447–8, 011450, 011619, 1♀ 011620 ( UCDC) . Washoe County. 1.6 km S Mustang [39.522, - 119.628], 7.VI.1959, Parker, F.D., 1♂ MEI 012230 ( UCDC) ; Galena Creek [39.355, -119.768], 29.VI.1964, Thrailkill, W.K., 1♂ MEI 012586 ( MEIC) ; Mustang [39.522, -119.628], 9.V.1959, Moore, C.G., 2♂ MEI 011546, 011548, 1♀ 011618 ( UCDC) ; 30.VI.1960, Parker, F.D., 1♀ MEI 011648 ( UCDC) ; Nixon [39.832, - 119.357], 29.VI.1927, Van Duzee, E.P., 1♀ MEI 157333 ( CAS) ; Patrick [39.547, -119.578], 16.VI.1964, Bohart, R.M., 3♂ MEI 011400, 011420, 011429, 4♀ 011593, 011595–6, 011598 ( UCDC) ; Ellison , R.K., 6♂ MEI 011398, 011406–7, 011410, 011412, 011423, 2♀ 011594, 011609 ( UCDC) ; Gillogly , A., 8♂ MEI 012426–32, 012517, 2♀ 012447–8 ( UCDC) ; Seminoff , S. G., 1♂ MEI 011686 ( MEIC) ; Glenn , J.S., 6♂ MEI 011393, 011401–2, 011408–9, 011414, 2♀ 011589, 011597 ( UCDC) ; Irwin , M.E., 19♂ MEI 01214856, 012158–65, 012176–81, 012184–5, 012227, 170174, 16♀ 012237–41, 012243–5, 012247–9, 12251, 012261–4 ( MEIC) ; Kovacic , C.R., 5♂ MEI 011394–5, 011397, 011417, 011561 ( UCDC) ; Parker , F.D., 16♂ MEI 011405, 011411, 011413, 011415–6, 011418–9, 011421–2, 011424–8, 011430–1, 4♀ 011590–2, 011610 ( UCDC) ; Scott , R.E., 13♂ MEI 012166–75, 012182–3, 012186, 2♀ 012242, 012250 ( MEIC) ; Sharp , R.D., 2♂ MEI 012500, 012502, 4♀ 012486, 012488–9, 012501 ( MEIC) ; Slansky , J.E., 4♂ MEI 011403–4, 011433, 011435, 3♀ 011586–8 ( UCDC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 2♂ MEI 157155–6 ( CAS) ; Thrailkill , W.K., 3♂ MEI 012572–4 ( MEIC) ; Veirs , D.F., 5♂ MEI 072789, 072791–4, 2♀ 072796, 074826 ( EMUS) ; 30.VI.1964, Froebe, J.A., 3♂ MEI 011396, 011432, 011434 ( MEIC) ; Irwin , M.E., 1♀ MEI 012246 ( MEIC) ; Slansky , J.E., 1♂ MEI 011436 ( MEIC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 2♂ MEI 157153–4 ( CAS) ; Sullivan , D.J., 2♂ MEI 011684–5 ( MEIC) ; Thrailkill , W.K., 1♂ MEI 012571 ( MEIC) ; Reno [39.53, -119.813], 9.V.1959, Parker, F.D., 1♂ MEI 012229 ( UCDC) ; 9.VIII.1986, Knight, J.B., 1♂ MEI 076895 ( NVDA) ; Smoke Creek , 29 km N Sand Pass, 23.VI.1980, Ferguson, W.E., 1♀ MEI 011660 ( MEIC) ; Verde [39.518, -119.988], 10.VI.1960, Parker, F.D., 1♀ MEI 011653 ( UCDC) ; 25.VI.1954, Goodwin, R.H., MEI 012098 ( MEIC) ; 16.VI.1958, Bohart, R.M., 1♀ MEI 011605 ( UCDC) ; 4.VI.1960, Parker, F.D., 1♂ MEI 012228 ( UCDC) ; 26.VI.1962, Irwin , M.E., 1♂ MEI 012192 ( MEIC) ; 26.VI.1962, Parker, F.D., 1♂ MEI 011383 ( UCDC) ; 1.VII.1962, Montgomery, E.J., 7♂ MEI 011374–5, 011385–8, 011390 ( MEIC) ; 15.VII.1962, Frankie, G.W., 2♀ MEI 076502, 076504 ( TAMU) ; 9.VI.1964, Thrailkill, W.K., 2♂ MEI 012569–70 ( WFBM) ; 18.VI.1964, Froebe, J.A., 2♂ MEI 011392, 011399 ( MEIC) ; Gillogly , A., 1♂ MEI 012425 ( MEIC) ; Glenn , J.S., 1♀ MEI 011607 ( UCDC) ; Irwin , M.E., 16♂ MEI 012187–9, 012193–7, 012199–201, 2206, 012208, 012211–2, 012267, 4♀ 012257–60 ( MEIC) ; Parker , F.D., 6♂ MEI 011379–82, 011384, 011391 ( UCDC) ; Richerson , P., 1♂ MEI 011376, 1♀ 011606 ( UCDC) ; Scott , R.E., 4♂ MEI 012190–1, 012209–10 ( MEIC) ; Seminoff , S.G., 1♀ MEI 012006 ( MEIC) ; Slobodchikoff , C.N., 5♂ MEI 157157–61, 2♀ 157210–1 ( CAS) ; Veirs , D.F., 4♂ MEI 072784–6, 072790 ( EMUS) ; 19.VI.1964, Thrailkill, W.K., 3♀ MEI 012590, 012595–6 ( MEIC) ; 27.VI.1964, Veirs, D.F., 1♀ MEI 072800 ( EMUS) ; 30.VI.1964, Irwin , M.E., 1♂ MEI 012198 ( MEIC) ; 24.VI.1966, Bohart, R.M., 1♀ MEI 011608 ( UCDC) ; 27.VI.1966, Bohart, R.M., 1♂ MEI 011389 ( UCDC) . OREGON. Coos Count. Salmon Harbor Road [43.533, -124.217], 45m, 4.VII.1999, Holston, K.C., 1♂ MEI 114480 ( INHS) . Deschutes County. 14.5 km NE Redmond [44.369, -121.137], 14.VII.1985, Eaton, E., 2♂ MEI 154661–2 ( MEIC) . Douglas County. near Roseburg [43.224, -123.331], 31.V.1983, Nidek, C., Nidek, A.V., 1♂ MEI 136214 ( ZMAN) . Hamey County. Alvord Basin , 29.IV.1979, Cobb, Lightfoot, 1♀ MEI 012652 ( UOIC) , sand dunes; Burns [43.586, -119.053], 5.VI.1963, Goeden, K., 1♀ MEI 012686 ( ODAC) . Hood River County. Hood River [45.711, -121.515], 2.VI.1917, Cole, F.R., 4♂ MEI 011830–1, 011838, 012101 ( EMEC) ; 6.VI.1917, MEI 012103 ( EMEC) ; 12.VI.1917, 4♂ MEI 012142, 081087, 081089 ( EMEC) , 113564 (USNM); 20.VI.1917, 2♂ MEI 011832, 170176 ( EMEC) ;?. VII.1917, 1♀ MEI 081085 ( EMEC) ; 14.VI.1920, Van Dyke, E.C., 1♂ MEI 157257 ( CAS) ; 26.VII.1921, Spuler, 1♂ MEI 101812 ( WSU) ; 8.VII.1927, Van Dyke, E.C., 2♂ MEI 157288, 157292 ( CAS) ; 14.VII.1932, Aldrich, J.M., 1♂ MEI 113583 ( USNM) ; Mount Hood [45.538, -121.567], 25.VI.1975, Hanson, Knowlton, 1♂ MEI 073931 ( EMUS) . Jackson County. Shady Cove [42.6, -122.8], 21.V.1967, Schuh, J., 1♀ MEI 012700 ( FSCA) . Lane County. 4.8 km SW Dunes City [43.853, -124.144], 24.VI.1975, Powell, J., Opler, P., 1♀ MEI 012021 ( EMEC) . Lincoln County. Newport [44.637, - 124.052], 8.VI.1925, Van Dyke, E.C., 1♂ MEI 157258 ( CAS) . Malheur County. 29 km E Juntura, Malheur River [43.745, -117.818], 17.VI.1965, Coeden, K., 1♂ MEI 012678 ( ODAC) ; 49.9 km W Vale, Malheur River , Rt. 20 [43.983, -117.693], 11.VI.1964, Lavigne, R.J., 20♂ MEI 012626–35, 012637–46 ( MEIC) . Marion County. Champoeg State Park , [45.254, -122.9], 91m, 23–24.VIII.1970, Sleeper, E.L., 1♀ MEI 113068 ( CAS) . Umatilla County. Hermiston [45.841, -119.288], 11.VI.1969, Goeden, K., 4♂ MEI 012680–1, 012684–5 ( ODAC) ; Umatilla [45.918, -119.341], 14.VII.?, Wilson, H.F., 1♂ MEI 012699 ( OSUO) . Wasco County. 12.9 km E The Dalles [45.629, -120.996], 26.VI.1975, Powell, J., 3♂ MEI 012020, 012024, 012060 ( EMEC) ; The Dalles [45.601, -121.182], 28.VIII.1967, Brown, R., 1♂ MEI 012679 ( MEIC) . UTAH. Cache County. Cornish [41.976, -111.953], 15.IV.1973, collector?, 1♀ MEI 072799 ( EMUS) . Utah County. 19.3 km E Thistle [39.956, -111.271], 11.V–11.VI.1984, Nelson, 3♂ MEI 133750, 133752–3, 2♀ 133751, 133756 ( BYUC) , Malaise trap. WASHINGTON. Columbia River , 1.V.1919, Melander, A.L., 3♂ MEI 113236, 113556, 113690 ( USNM) . Adams County. Lind [46.972, -118.614], 5.IV.1919, Melander, A.L., 1♂ MEI 113233 ( USNM) . Asotin County. Clarkston [46.416, -117.044], 28.VI.1932, Aldrich, J.M., 1♂ MEI 113575 ( USNM) . Benton County. Kennewick [46.211, -119.136], 20.V.1921, Melander, A.L., 1♂ MEI 113587, 1♀ 113535 ( USNM) . Chelan County. 11.3 km N Wenatchee, near Sleepy Hollow Bridge , Lower Sunnyslope Road [47.525, -120.309], 8.IX.1986, 1♀ MEI 101829 ( WSU) ; Cascade Mountains , Stevens Pass, White Rock Spring [47.746, -121.085], 14.VII.1930, 1♀ MEI 157334 ( CAS) . Grant County. O’Sullivan Dam [46.983, -119.29], 2.V.1954, Davis, H.G., 17♂ MEI 101692, 101715, 101726, 101729, 101742, 101760, 1017889, 101793, 101820, 101833, 101835, 101864, 101892, 101898–9, 101902, 101905 ( WSU) ; James , M.T., 2♀ MEI 101776, 101834 ( WSU) ; 7.V.1955, 1♂ MEI 101791, 1♀ 101888 ( WSU) . Kittitas County. Thorp, Robinson Canyon [47.033, -120.783], 7.V.1977, Deyrup, M., Deyrup, N., 1♀ MEI 012505 ( MEIC) . Pacific County. Ilwaco [46.313, -124.034], 7.VII.1918, Spuler, A., 1♂ MEI 101837 ( WSU) ; Seaview [46.333, -124.054], 26.VI.1925, Spuler, A., 2♂ MEI 101781, 101811, 1♀ 101756 ( WSU) ; Tokeland [46.714, -123.996], date?, collector?, 1♂ MEI 113781 ( USNM) . Skagit County. Mount Vernon [48.421, -122.333], 3.VII.1924, Melander, A.L., 1♀ MEI 113683 ( USNM) . Whitman County. Wawawai [46.637, -117.378], date?, collector?, 1♂ MEI 113560 ( USNM) . Yakima County. Naches [46.731, -120.698], 30.VII.1941, Reeves, Brookman, 1♂ MEI 012691 ( WSU) ; Tampico [46.53, -120.87], 4.VII.1923, Spuler, A., 1♀ MEI 101846 ( WSU) ; Toppenish [46.378, -120.308], 17.VI.1923, Argo, V., 4♂ MEI 113586, 113588, 113590–1, 1♀ 113589 ( USNM) . WYOMING. Fremont County. 16.1 km S Shoshoni [43.091, -108.11], 1–2.VI.1966, Lavigne, R. J., 1♂ MEI 012636 ( ESUW) .

Figures

FIGURE 50–53. Distribution map. 50. Acrosathe bimaculata closed circle, Arenigena floridensis closed triangle, Litolinga tergisa open circle. 51. Acrosathe falcata closed circle, Ac. pacifica open circle. 52. Acrosathe otiosa. 53. Acrosathe vanduzeei.

FIGURES 18–25. Acrosathe otiosa. 18. Tergite 8, epandrium, cerci. 19. Sternite 8, gonocoxite ventral view. 20. Gonocoxite, lateral view. 21. Gonostylus dorsal view. 22. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 23. Aedeagus, ventral view. 24. Aedeagus, lateral view. 25. Female internal reproductive organs.

FIGURES 1–8. Acrosathe bimaculata. 1. Tergite 8, epandrium, cerci. 2. Sternite 8, gonocoxite ventral view. 3. Gonocoxite, lateral view. 4. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 5. Aedeagus, ventral view. 6. Aedeagus, lateral view. 7. Female head, frontal view. 8. Female internal reproductive organs.

FIGURE 54–55. Distribution map. 54. Acrosathe vialis. 55. Arenigena albiseta.