Litolinga acuta (Adams)

Webb, Donald W., 2009, A revision of the genera Acrosathe Irwin and Lyneborg, Arenigena Irwin and Lyneborg, and Litolinga Irwin and Lyneborg (Diptera: Therevidae: Therevinae) from the Nearctic Region, Zootaxa 2091 (1), pp. 1-67 : 58-59

Litolinga acuta (Adams)

( Figs. 97–105 )

acuta Adams (1903:222 fem./male desc.), Aldrich (1905:246 cat.), Kröber (1912: 224 male key, 225 fem. key, 227 spec.

list; 1913:28 dist., 39 male /fem. key), Cole (1923a: 34 male key, 37 fem. key, 70 note, Figs. 57 fem. frons, 67 wing,

87 ant.; 1965:350 cat.) ( Psilocephala ); Irwin and Lyneborg (1981a: 236 spec. list, comb. change, Figs. 16–17 fem.

head, 136– 141 male genit.) ( Litolinga ). Type locality Kansas, Clark County, Englewood. Lectotype male in SEMC. pallida Kröber (1914: 38 male key, 45 male desc.), Cole (1923a:75 desc.; 1965:351 cat.) ( Psilocephala ); Irwin and

Lyneborg (1981a:236: spec. list, syn. desig., comb. change) ( Litolinga ). Type locality USA, Texas. Holotype male in

USNM (Type No. 26018).

Diagnosis. Diagnostic characteristic separating this species from Litolinga tergisa are given in the key to species.

Redescription of MALE. Variation (n=10).

Body length 6.7–8.4, 7.5 mm.

Head. Length 0.80–1.02, 0.92 mm. Ocellar tubercle dark reddish brown, pubescence brownish gray, dense; setae black, short. Frons pubescence brownish gray, dense with whitish brown pubescence dorsolateral to antennal base and small dark brown area ventrolateral along eye margin. Antenna with scape and pedicel dark yellow, first flagellomere brown with apical third dark yellow, second and third flagellomeres dark brown; antenna/head length 0.63–0.75, 0.69; scape length 0.16–0.18, 0.17 mm, width 0.12–0.20, 0.15 mm, length/width 0.9–1.5, 1.2, scape/pedicel length 1.8–2.7, 2.2, scape/flagellum width 0.9–1.4, 0.9, setae dark brown grading into dark brown macrosetae, short; pedicel length 0.06–0.09, 0.08 mm, width 0.12–0.14, 0.13 mm, length/width 0.50–0.75, 0.62; flagellum length 0.23–0.40, 0.36 mm, width 0.14–0.18, 0.16 mm, length/ width 2.0–2.7, 2.3, flagellum/scape length 1.8–2.4, 2.1. Parafacial pubescence dark yellowish brown, dark brown pubescent band across dorsal fourth of parafacial. Maxillary palpus dark brown; length 0.34–0.52, 0.44 mm, width 0.08–0.10, 0.09 mm, length/width 4.0–5.6, 4.7; setae dark brown, elongate. Gena dark brown, white posteriorly, projecting ventrally, setae dark brown, short, white, elongate on posterior half.

Thorax. Macrosetae 2–4 np, 1–2 sa, 1 pa, 0 dc, 1 sc. Mesonotum dull brownish gray; setae dark brown, short, erect, sparse with white elongate, appressed setae. Pleuron pubescence gray, dense with faint dark brown dorsal margin; setae white, elongate on propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum (occasionally sparse), laterotergite, and scutellum. Wing. Membrane pale brownish gray with pale gray areas within cells, veins brown with brown spot or margin at fork of R 4+5, r–m, apex and base of discal cell, apex of cells bm and cup, and on veins R 2+3, R 4, R 5, M 1, M 2, M 3, CuA 1, and A 1 +CuA 2; length 5.2–6.5, 5.8 mm, width 1.8–2.3, 2.0 mm, length/width 2.6–3.1, 2.9; pterostigma dark brown. Legs. Coxae pubescence white, dense; setae white, elongate. Femora brown; ventral setae dark brown. Tibiae pale brown. Tarsi brown.

Abdomen. Dark brown, pubescence brown, dense; dorsal setae white, elongate, erect, sparse with dark brown, appressed setae; lateral setae white, elongate. Terminalia (MEI 075738) dark brown. Tergite 8 ( Fig. 98 ), setae yellow, continuous across posterior margin. Sternite 8 ( Fig. 99 ), posterior margin rounded; setae yellow. Epandrium ( Fig. 98 ), posterolateral margin narrow, pointed with dark brown sclerotization. Gonocoxite ventral view ( Fig. 99 ) posterior margin emarginate, extending posterolaterally to narrow gonocoxal process, setae yellow; lateral view ( Fig. 100 ). Gonostylus ( Fig. 101 ), narrow, flattened dorsoventrally with mediolateral expansion, setae pale yellow. Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme ( Fig. 102 ) rectangular, sides almost parallel; ventral apodeme ( Fig. 103 ), short, diverging anteriorly; distiphallus dorsal view ( Fig. 102 ) tapered posteriorly, apex divided; lateral view ( Fig. 104 ) short, thick, tapered posteriorly in broad curved; ejaculatory apodeme cylindrical, anterior half slightly expanded, not reaching anterior margin of dorsal apodeme.

FEMALE. Similar to male except for following. Variation (n=10).

Body length 6.3–10.4, 7.7 mm.

Head. Length 0.74–1.06, 0.92 mm. Frons pubescence white, dense on ventral half, dorsal half dark brown, pubescence brownish gray with large, dark brown circle mediolaterally; setae white to pale yellow, elongate ventrally and dark brown dorsally. Antenna/head length 0.57–0.78, 0.67; scape length 0.16–0.26, 0.20 mm, width 0.14–0.20, 0.17 mm, length/width 1.0–1.3, 1.2, scape/pedicel length 2.0–3.3, 2.8, scape/ flagellum width 1.0–1.3, 1.0; pedicel length 0.06–0.10, 0.07 mm, width 0.12–0.18, 0.15 mm, length/width 0.33–0.71, 0.51; flagellum length 0.30–0.42, 0.35 mm, width 0.14–0.20, 0.17 mm, length/width 1.8–2.4, 2.1, flagellum/scape length 1.5–2.1, 1.8. Maxillary palpus length 0.36–0.60, 0.47 mm, width 0.08–0.10, 0.09 mm, length/width 4.4–6.2, 5.2.

Thorax. Macrosetae 3–4 np, 1–2 sa, 1–2 sc (MEI 133478 with two pairs of scutellar macrosetae). Wing. Length 5.7–7.7, 6.4 mm, width 1.7–2.7, 2.1 mm, length/width 2.8–3.4, 3.0.

Abdomen. Dark brown, pubescence gray, denser on tergites 1–4 and most of tergites 2–7, tergite 8 glossy; dorsal setae white to pale yellow appressed. Terminalia (MEI 170195). Furca ( Fig. 105 ) tapered posterior, anterior margin closed; length 0.42 mm, width 0.28 mm.

Immature stages. Two males (MEI 170191–2) and 5 females (MEI 133479, 147276, 170187, 170189–90) have been reared from larvae collected on the east side of the Kleberg County line [27.584, - 97.241], Texas .

Distribution. Litolinga acuta is known from Mexico (Tamaulipas, Veracruz) and the United States (Colorado, Kansas, Texas) ( Fig. 97 ).

Habitats and Phenology. Litolinga acuta has been hand-netted or collected in Malaise traps and at blacklights on dunes. Adults have been collected from February through December.

Specimens examined. Type specimens. Ten syntypes of Psilocephala acuta Adams (MEI 113834–7 ( USNM), 140432–3 ( MCZ), 170183–6 ( SEMC)) were examined with the following label information: MEI 113834 female ( USNM): 1 st label: "[typeset] COTYPE". 2 nd label "[typeset] Clark Co. Ks. May 1962 ft. F. H. Snow ". 3 rd label: "[typeset] Collection JMAldrich". 4 th label "[handwritten in black ink] Psilocephala acuta Adams ". MEI 113835– 7 females ( USNM): 1 st label: "[typeset] COTYPE". 2 nd label "[typeset] Clark Co. Ks. May 1962 ft. F. H. Snow ". 3nd label: "[typeset] ALMelander Collection 1961". MEI 140432 female ( MCZ) 1 st label: "[typeset] Clark Co. Ks. May 1962 ft. F. H. Snow ". 2 nd label: "[typeset] Type". 3 rd label: "[red label] [typeset] Cotype No.". 4 th label: "[typeset] Collection C. W. Johnson ". MEI 140433 female ( MCZ) 1 st label: "[typeset] Clark Co. Ks. May 1962 ft. F. H. Snow ". 2 nd label: "[typeset] Type". 3 rd label: "[red label] [typeset] Cotype No.". 4 th label: “red label] [typeset] Type 7567. 5 th label: "[typeset] Collection C. W. Johnson ". MEI 170185 male, 170183, 170184, 170186 females ( SEMC) 1 st label: "[typeset] Clark Co. Ks. May 1962 ft. F. H. Snow ". 2 nd label: "[typeset] Type". The male (MEI 170185) is designated as the lectotype ( SEMC). This lectotype is designated in order to fix the concept of Psilocephala acuta Adams and to ensure universal and consistent interpretation of the same. The other specimens are designated as paralectotypes. The holotype male of Psilocephala pallida Kröber is labeled "Texas, 19. VI." in USNM (Type No. 26018). Other specimens. MEXICO. Tamaulipas. Tampico [22.255, -97.869], 15m, 29.XII.1963. Tauber, M.J., Toschi, C.A., 1♂ MEI 146089 ( EMEC), blacklight trap; Punta Piedras 12.IX.1981, Cross, W.H., 1♂ MEI 088118 ( MEMU). VERACRUZ. 1.6 km W Anton Lizardo [19.05, -95.998], 0m, 23.VI.1961, U.Kans.Mex.Exped., 4♂ MEI 146064, 146084–5, 146093, 2♀ 147265, 147267 ( SEMC); 16.1 km N Nautla [20.361, -96.783], 8.XII.1991, Chamberlain, W.F., 1♀ MEI 076537 ( TAMU), at light; 16.1 km N Veracruz, Boca Andrea [19.345, -96.133], 18.VIII.1977, Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 147257 ( EMEC), sand dunes; 53.1 km S Nautla, Hwy 130 [19.739, -96.783], 31.X.1982, Gonzalez, Huber, 1♂ MEI 072586 ( CSCA); Boca del Rio [19.12, - 96.114], 9.IX.1948, Downs, W.G., 2♂ MEI 076029–30, ( AMNH); 9.VII.1973, Artaud, C.R., 1♂ MEI 128419 ( FSCA); Nautla [20.217, -96.783], 12.VII.1975, 1♂ MEI 087784 ( UNAM); Veracruz [19.19, -96.14, 11.VI.1959, Evans, H.E., 2♂ MEI 146081, 146086 ( CUIC). UNITED STATES. COLORADO. 1♂ MEI 113856, 1♀ 113855 ( USNM). KANSAS. Clark County . 598m,?.V.?, Snow, F.H., 3♀ OSU 0011316–7 ( OSU), MEI 113837 ( USNM). Reno County . Medora [.03, -97.845], 13.V.?, Painter, R.H., 3♂ MEI 080333 ( SEMC), 146066, 170193 ( KSUC), 2♀ 080331 ( SEMC), 111590 ( KSUC), sand dunes; 20.V.1929, 2♂ MEI 080332 ( SEMC), 146124 ( KSUC), sand dunes; 25.V.1929, 1♀ MEI 170194 ( KSUC); 26.V.1929, 2♂ MEI 146079, 146082 ( MEIC), 2♀ 147262, 170195 ( KSUC); 1.IX.1929, 1♂ MEI 133480 ( KSUC); 2.IX.1959, 1♂ MEI 170196 ( KSUC). Stafford County . [38.199, -98.534], 27.V.1950, Evans, H.E., 1♂ MEI 146062, 1♀ 146063 ( EMEC). TEXAS. Goose Island , 21.IV.1962, Chamberlain, W.F., 1♂ MEI 076538 ( TAMU); North Padre Island [, 12.X.1979, Knudson, E.C., 1♂ MEI 128434 ( FSCA); Padre Island , 5.VI.1980, Marshall, S.A., 1♂ MEI 077950 ( DEBU). Aransas County . [28.233, -96.9], 20.V.1972, Wirth, W.W., 1♀ MEI 113879 ( USNM); Burke, H.R., 1♂ MEI 076534, 3♀ 076533, 076535–6 ( TAMU); 12.IV.1992, Chamberlain, W.F., 1♀ MEI 076547 ( TAMU), at light; North of Aransas Pass [28.226, -97.661], 14.VI.1969, Heitzman, R.L., 1♂ MEI 128414 ( FSCA), ultraviolet light. Atascosa County . Pleasanton [28.967, -98.478], 3.IV.1976, Jordon, M.K., 1♀ MEI 076539 ( TAMU). Brooks County . Laguna Salada [lake] [27.165, -98.098], 5.IX.1974, Gillaspy , 1♂ MEI 113847 ( USNM). Cameron County . 5.V.1964, Pechuman, L.L., 2♂ MEI 133481, 146080, 1♀ 147272 ( CUIC); 7.V.1964, 1♂ MEI 133482, 1♀ 147258 ( CUIC); 5.IV.1980, Marshall, S.A., 1♂ MEI 077949 ( DEBU). Cameron County . 10 km N South Padre Island [26.246, -97.186], 24.III.1997, Metz, M.A., 7♂ MEI 146065, 146068–70, 146075, 146077–8, 5♀ 147246–7, 147250–2 ( INHS), coastal dunes; Webb, D.W., Metz, M.A., Holston, K.C., 1♀ MEI 147249 ( INHS), Malaise trap, coastal dune; 2 km S Del Mar, Boca Chica Beach [25.997, -97.152], 25.III.1997, Metz, M.A., 2♀ MEI 146073, 146092 ( INHS); Webb, D.W., 5♂ MEI 146071, 146074, 146076, 146090–1, 1♀ 147248 ( INHS); Boca Chica [25.918, -97.401], 6.IX.1975, Fisher, E.M., 1♀ MEI 147275 ( UCR); Boca Chica Beach [25.993, -97.148], 24.X.1992, Riley, E., 1♂ MEI 076546 ( TAMU), UV light; L[o]s Fresnos [26.073, -97.478], 18.XI.1969, Riherd, P.T., 1♀ MEI 076530 ( TAMU); Boca Chica State Park [25.997, -97.152], 25.III.1997, Metz, M.A., Webb, D.W., Holston, K.C., MEI 114596 ( INHS); 1.IX.1975, Johnson, S.J., 1♂ MEI 147268 (M EIC). Comanche County . 4.8 km W DeLeon, 15.X.1978, 1♂ MEI 076540 ( TAMU); Beattie [32.038, -98.692], 30.VIII.1976, 1♂ MEI 146083, 1♀ 133477 ( MEIC); 18.IX.1976, 1♀ MEI 076527 ( TAMU). Dimit County . 12 km WNW Artesia Wells [28.3, -99.407], 23.III.1997, Webb, D.W., Metz, M.A., Holston, K.C., 1♀ MEI 146072 ( INHS), Malaise trap. Frio County . Pearsall [28.892, -99.095], 6.II.1937, 1♂ MEI 076528 ( TAMU). Galveston County . Galveston [29.303, - 94.798], 5.VI.1900, 1♂ MEI 075738 ( CUIC);?. VI.1900, 1♂ MEI 113851 ( USNM); 30.V.1918, Bradley, J.C., 1♀ MEI 147254 ( CUIC);?. VI.2000, Johnson , 1♂ MEI 147277 ( CUIC). Goliad County . 1.6 km E Goliad [28.668, -97.374], 7.V.1953, Beamer, L.D., 1♀ MEI 147260 ( MEIC). Hidalgo County .?. 16.VIII.1933, Bromley, S., 1♀ MEI 113838 ( USNM); Edinburg [26.301, -98.163], 1.III.1968, Riley, D.R., 1♂ MEI 146067 ( MEIC); Hidalgo , International Bridge [26.104, -98.246], 24.VI.1969, Riley, D.R., 1♀ MEI 147261 ( MEIC); Weslaco [26.147, -97.973], 27.V.1933, Bromley, S., 1♂ MEI 113852 ( USNM); Anzalduas Dam [26.4, - 98.18], 9.VIII.1968, Riley, D.R., 1♀ MEI 147270 ( MEIC). Kenedy County . [27.167, -97.667], 18.VII.1976, Gillaspy, J.E., 2♀ MEI 113841–2 ( USNM); 46.7 km South Sarita [26.801, -97.789], 14.IV.1950, Beamers , Stephen , Michener , Rozens , 1♀ MEI 147269 ( SEMC); Sarita [27.221, -97.789], 1.XII.1911, collector?, 1♂ MEI 117977 ( MEIC), sandy prairie; [26.95, -97.384], 28.VI.1973, 1♀ MEI 090154 ( NCSU); Kleberg County . [27.423, -97.331], 20.IX.1974, Gillaspy , 1♂ MEI 113845 ( USNM); 19.V.1976, 4♂ MEI 113843–4, 113846, 113850, 2♀ 113848–9 ( USNM); [27.423, -97.331], 5.IV.1980, Marshall, S.A., 1♀ MEI 077948, 1♀ 077951 ( DEBU); [27.423, -97.331], 10.IV.1996, Leatherman, D., 1♀ MEI 075495 ( CSUC); Kingsville [27.516, -97.856], 9.XI.1969, Sepulveda, G., 1♂ MEI 113840 ( USNM). Leon County . 8.1 km N Flynn [31.224, -96.123], 4.V.1994, Godwin, W., Riley, E., 3♂ MEI 076542, 076544–5 ( TAMU), UV light. Neueces County . east side at Kleberg County line [27.584, -97.241], 18.II.1993, Irwin , M.E., 2♂ MEI 170191–2, 5♀ 133479, 147276, 170187, 170189–90 ( MEIC), sieved. Refugio County . Rockport [28.031, -97.049], 22.V.1980, Webb, D.W., 1♀ MEI 028114 ( INHS). San Patricio County . [28.062, -97.876], 18.VIII.1963, Byers, G.W., 1♀ MEI 147255 ( SEMC); 12.9 km [NE] Sinton [28.118, -97.427], 22.V.1981, Doyen, J., 1♀ MEI 133478 ( EMEC). Starr County. La Reforma [26.686, -98.374], 24.III.1986, Chamberlain, W.F., 1♀ MEI 076541 ( TAMU); [26.58, -99.143], 20.VI.1969, Board, V.V., Hafernik , 1♂ MEI 076531 ( TAMU). Upshur County . 1.6 km N Big Sandy [32.598, -95.109], 4.IV.1970, Board, V.V., Murray, R., 1♂ MEI 076532 ( TAMU). Victoria County . Victoria [28.805, -97.003], 10.IX.1908, Mitchell, J.D., 1♂ MEI 113839 ( USNM); 12.III.1913, 1♀ MEI 113853 ( USNM). Washington County. Washington [30.386, -96.161],?. IX.1967, Schaffner, J.C., 1♀ MEI 076529 ( TAMU). Willacy County . 6.4 km N. Raymondville [26.539, -97.783], 4.IV.1952, Michener , Beamer , Wille , LaBerge , 1♂ MEI 146088 ( SEMC); Raymondville [26.48, -97.78], 7.IV.1952, Michner , Beamers , LaBerge, W., 1♂ MEI 146087, 2♀ 147271, 170189 ( SEMC).

Figures

FIGURE 96–97. Distribution map. 96. Arenigena bajaensis, open circle, Ar. semitaria closed circle. 97. Arenigena marcida closed circle, Litolinga acuta open circle.

FIGURES 98–105. Litolinga acuta. 98. Tergite 8, epandrium, cerci. 99. Sternite 8, gonocoxite ventral view. 100. Gonocoxite, lateral view. 101. Gonostylus lateral view. 102. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 103. Aedeagus, ventral view. 104. Aedeagus, lateral view. 105. Female internal reproductive organs.

FIGURES 56–63. Arenigena albiseta. 56. Tergite 8, epandrium, cerci. 57. Sternite 8, gonocoxite ventral view. 58. Gonocoxite, lateral view. 59. Gonostylus lateral view. 60. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 61. Aedeagus, ventral view. 62. Aedeagus, lateral view. 63. Female internal reproductive organs.