Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa Deuve, 2016

Deuve, Thierry, Kavanaugh, David H. & Liang, Hongbin, 2016, Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, Western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with Descriptions of Four New Genera, One New Subgenus and 19 New Species., Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 63 (12), pp. 341-455 : 415-418

Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa Deuve and Kavanaugh, sp. nov.

( Figs. 29 , 40b , 46–48 )

TYPE MATERIAL.— Holotype, a male, in IOZ, labeled: “CASENT 1018407”/ “ CHINA, Yunnan Province, Fugong County, Lishadi Township , 0.2 km W of Shibali, 2357 m, N27.16650° / E098.77936° ”/ “ 18 August 2005, in leaf litter, Stop# PP-4405, P. Paquin ”/ “IMAGE” [green label]/ “ HOLOTYPE Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa Deuve & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. designated 2016” [red label]. Paratypes (a total of 26): 1 female (in IOZ) labeled: same as holotype, except first label “CASENT 1018408” ; 1 female (in CAS) labeled: “CASENT 1014246”/ “ CHINA, Yunnan Province, Fugong County, Lishadi Township, 0.4 km SE of Shibali along North Fork of Yamu He , N27.16337° / E098.78208°, 2475 m, 8-11 May 2004 ”/ “from mini-Winkler extraction of leaf litter siftate, Stop #CGY37, C. E. Griswold, D. H. Kavanaugh , & Yan H.-M. collectors” ; 1 male (in CAS) labeled: “CASENT 1019222”/ “ CHINA, Yunnan Province, Fugong County, Lishadi Township, Shibali Road at Shibali , N27.16786° / E098.77741°,”/ “ 2560 m, 3 May 2004 Stop #DHK-2004-024, D.H. Kavanaugh & C. E. Griswold. collectors” ; 1 female (in IOZ) labeled: “CASENT 1020952”/ “ CHINA, Yunnan Province, Fugong County, Lishadi Township, 8.5 km above Shibali on Shibali Road, north bank of North Fork of Yamu He , N27.118416° / E098.72026° ”/ “ 3100 m, 9 August 2005, Stop DHK-2005-067A D.H. Kavanaugh , H.B. Liang, D.Z. Dong, & P. Paquin collectors” ; 1 male and 1 female (in CAS) labeled: “CASENT 1021953” and “CASENT 1021952”, res/ “ CHINA, Yunnan Province, Fugong County, Lishadi Township , 0.3 km above Shibali on Shibali Road, N27.116791° / E098.77655° ”/ “ 2563 m, in pitfall trap, 3-11 May 2004, Stop #CGY21, C. E. Griswold, D. H. Kavanaugh , Liang H.-B., & Yan H.-M. collectors” ; 10 males and 10 females (in CAS, IOZ, MNHN) labeled: “CASENT 1023285” to “CASENT 1023294” and “CASENT 1023295” to “CASENT 1023304”, respectively/ “ CHINA, Yunnan Province, Fugong County, Lishadi Township , 0.3 km above Shibali on Shibali Road, N27.1166361° / E098.77667° ”/ “ 2563 m, in pitfall trap, 4 May 2004, Stop #DHK-2004-026, D. H. Kavanaugh & C. E. Griswold collectors”. All paratypes also bear the following label: “ PARATYPE Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa Deuve & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. designated 2016” [yellow label] .

TYPE LOCALITY.— China, Yunnan, Fugong County, Shiyueliang Township , 0.2 km W of Shibali, N27.16650° / E098.77936°, 2537 m ,

DERIVATION OF SPECIES NAME.— The species epithet, unisetulosa , is an adjective derived from the Latin words, unus, meaning one, and setulosus, meaning bearing bristles or setae. The name refers to the single discal seta found on the elytra of members of this species.

DIAGNOSIS.— Adults of this species ( Fig. 29a ) can be distinguished from those of all other species in the region by the following combination of character states: size small to medium (BL = 3.3 to 3.5 mm), apterous; body color dark reddish brown, dorsum shiny, very slightly iridescent; eyes small, only slightly projected laterally; tempora convex and sparsely pubescent; pronotum transverse (ratio PW/PL = 1.40), with basal angles obtuse and rounded; elytra convex, with medial three or four stria distinct, finely punctate, more lateral striae more or less effaced; recurrent stria terminated anteriorly in presumed location of interval 6; only one discal setiferous pore present, inserted near anterior one-third next to stria 3; preapical seta present, inserted next to stria 2; medi- an lobe of male aedeagus ( Fig. 29b ) with apex lobated and broadly rounded; endophallus with a large, scaly sclerorized area.

DESCRIPTION.— Size small to medium, BL = 3.3 to 3.5 mm. Body color dark reddish brown, interval 1 of elytra slightly paler, reddish, appendages yellowish brown, palpi paler yellow; dorsum smooth, pronotum and elytra shiny, very slightly iridescent, head slightly alutaceous from more deeply impressed isodiametric microsculpture.

Head. Rather broad; eyes small, only slightly projected laterally, their diameter about equal to length of tempora, the latter convex and sparsely pubescent. Frons convex, with frontal furrows evenly rounded and deeply impressed, continuous to posterior margins of tempora. Two pairs of supraorbital setae present, the anterior pair inserted in foveae. Clypeus with four setae. Labrum with six setae, anterior margin distinctly emarginate. Mentum and submentum not fused. Mentum with medial tooth broad and apically bifid, less than half the length of the lateral lobes. Submentum with six setae anteriorly. Gula broad. Genae with a single ventral seta one each side. Antennae short, with only about 1.5 antennomeres extended posteriorly beyond basal pronotal margin; antennomeres 2 and 4 about equal in length, antennomere 3 slightly longer.

Pronotum. Transverse (ratio PW/PL = 1.40), with greatest width near anterior one-third, moderately narrowed posteriorly; lateral margins rounded, slightly more so anteriorly, slightly straighten, but not at all sinuate, just anterior to basal angles, the latter bluntly obtuse. Disc convex, medi- an longitudinal impression finely impressed, continuous from posterior side of apical median swelling to posterior margin; basal foveae shallow, faintly impressed; median basal area well defined but short and transverse. Lateral borders slender and finely relexed dorsally, lateral grooves deeply impressed. Single midlateral setae on each side inserted near anterior one-third; single basolateral seta on each side, inserted at basal angle.

Elytra. Ovoid, not or only slightly elongate, about equally narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly, humeri distinct but rounded. Disc convex, striae faintly impressed and finely punctate, the medial three or four striae distinctly impressed, the more lateral striae more or less effaced, bearly perceptible. Parascutellar striole present, longer than average for genus. Recurrent stria abruptly terminated anteriorly in presumed location of posterior end of stria 5. Parascutellar setiferous pore present at base at common origin of discal striae 1 and 2. Only one discal setiferous pore present, inserted at anterior two-fifth of elytral length next to stria 3. Preapical seta present on interval 3 next to stria 2 and about equidistant from apical and sutural elytral margins. Umbilicate setal series with setae of humeral group equidistance from each other and setae of median group inserted slightly posterior to middle.

Legs. Short, protibiae with longitudinal furrow. Male protarsomeres 1 and 2 dilated and apicomedially toothed.

Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites glabrous, except for a single paramedial seta on each side, and ventrite VII of males apically with one pair of paramedial setae, of females with two pairs.

Male aedeagus. Median lobe ( Fig. 29b ) with sagittal aileron moderate in size, shaft broad basally, then gradually narrowed apically to a broadly rounded apex; endophallus with a large, scaly sclerorized area with two parts or folds.

HABITAT DISTRIBUTION.— Members of this species have been collected in pitfall traps set in slightly disturbed broadleaf forest with large trees, dense understory of ferns and other herbs, and a deep leaf litter layer, and also by sifting leaf litter in this same habitat. One specimen was beaten from roadside vegetation with suspended leaf and twig debris in that vegetation in the same area. One specimen was collected at a higher elevation (3100 m) from under stones in a rocky open areas cleared by snow avalanches but shaded by three meter high herbaceous cover ( Fig. 40b ). Specimens of Trechus shiyueliang , T. shibalicus and Trechepaphiopsis unipilosa sp. nov. were found syntopic with the specimen of T. unisetulosa at this last site.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION WITHIN THE GAOLIGONG SHAN.— Fig. 29c . We examined a total of 27 specimens (13 males and 14 females) from sites on the eastern slope of the northcentral part of the Gaoligong Shan in Fugong County (see Type material above for exact collection data). All of these sites are in Core Area 3 .

OVERALL GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.— This species currently is known only from Fugong County in the northcentral part of the Gaoligong Shan region, western Yunnan Province, China.

Figures

FIGURE 29. Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa sp. nov.; a. Dorsal habitus (CASENT1018407). b. Median lobe of aedeagus of male (CASENT1001903), left lateral aspect. c. Map of locality records (red circles) for T. unisetulosa in the Gaoligong Shan region. Scale lines a, b = 0.5 mm, c = 100 km.

FIGURE 40. Photographs of habitats for trechine species in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. Gongshan County, 21 air km W of Cikai on east slope of Qiqi/Dulong divide, elevation 3600 m; habitat in which specimens of Queinnectrechus balli sp. nov. and Trechus gongshanensis sp. nov. were collected. b. Fugong County, Shiyueliang Township, 8.5 km above Shibali on Shibali Road, elevation 3100 m; habitat in which specimens of Trechus shiyueliang sp. nov., T. shibalicus sp. nov., Trechepaphiopsis unisetulosa sp. nov. and T. unipilosa sp. nov. were collected. Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.

FIGURE 46. Chart showing the representation of trechine species in project-designated Core Areas (see Fig. 3) in the Gaoligong Shan region.

FIGURE 47. Chart illustrating the altitudinal ranges of trechine species represented in the Gaoligong Shan region.

FIGURE. 48. Chart illustrating the co-occurence (syntopy) of trechine species in samples from the same habitats and at the same sites in the Gaoligong Shan region.