Anthocoris, Fallen, 1814

Yamada, Kazutaka & Yasunaga, Tomohide, 2021, The tribe Anthocorini in Japan (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae): descriptions of new species, review of distribution and bionomics, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 61 (2), pp. 375-426 : 389-391

Key to Japanese species of Anthocoris

1. Hemelytra uniformly black or dark, without whitish markings ( Fig. 7 ). .................................................... 2

– Hemelytra with some whitish markings ( Fig. 8 ). .... 7

2. Anterior half of hemelytra densely covered with recumbent whitish silver setae ( Fig. 7A ); antennal segment III mostly pale brown ( Fig. 7A ). ....................... ................................................... A. chibi Hiura, 1959

– Anterior half of hemelytra without whitish silver setae ( Figs 7C,G,I,K ), or covered with pruinose setae ( Fig. 7E ); antennal segment III uniformly blackish or darkish brown ( Figs 7C–L ). ......................................... 3

3. Hemelytra more or less brown or reddish brown at base or in basal half ( Figs 7C,I ); antennal segment II mostly pale brown ( Figs 7C,I ). ................................ 4

– Hemelytra uniformly black ( Figs 7E,G,K ); antennal segment II black or blackish brown ( Figs 7E,G,K ). .. 5

4. Pronotum uniformly blackish brown ( Fig. 7C ); a strip along the inner embolioum dull or pruinose, the outer portion of the embolium shiny; tibiae mostly pale brown ( Figs 7C–D ); paramere subapically with a sharply defined projection ( Figs 10D , 13E–F ). .......... ........................................... A. confusus Reuter, 1884

– Pronotum light brown or reddish brown on posterior half ( Fig. 7I ); embolium entirely shiny; tibiae mostly reddish brown to blackish brown ( Figs 7I–J ); paramere slender, curved, gradually acute at apex ( Figs 13K–L ). ................... A. nemoralis ( Fabricius, 1794)

5. Membrane with broad whitish band on basal part ( Fig. 7E ); body 3.3–4.0 mm in length. ................................ ....................................... A. japonicus Poppius, 1909

– Membrane with two or three whitish or greyish pale markings ( Figs 7G,K ); body 4.0–5.0 mm in length. ... 6

6. Membrane with two small, indistinct grayish pale markings ( Fig. 7G ); labium reaching to middle of prosternum (not reaching procoxae) ( Fig. 7H ). ............... .................................. A. kalopanacis Kerzhner, 1977

– Membrane with three large, irregular-shaped whitish markings ( Fig. 7K ); labium just reaching procoxae ( Fig. 7L ). .......................... A. takahashii Hiura, 1959

7. Head and callus of pronotum usually orangish brown to reddish brown ( Figs 8A–B ); paramere sickle-shaped, rather widened ( Figs 14A–C ); copulatory tube approximately 0.25 mm in length, very thick and wrinkled at basal 2/3 ( Fig. 15F ). ............................... .......................................... A. miyamotoi Hiura, 1959

– Head and pronotum uniformly blackish ( Figs 8E–H ); paramere slender, very slightly curved ( Figs 14D–F ); copulatory tube approximately 0.8 mm in length, basally thickened with a few twists ( Fig. 15G ). ............. ................................................... A. venustus sp. nov.

Figures

Fig. 7. Habitus of Anthocoris spp., dorsal (A, C, E, G, I, K) and lateral (B, D, F, H, J, L) views. A–B – A. chibi Hiura, 1959, male; C–D – A. confusus Reuter, 1884, male; E–F – A. japonicus Poppius, 1909, male; G–H – A. kalopanacis Kerzhner, 1977, female; I–J – A. nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794), male; K–L – A. takahashii Hiura, 1959, male. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Fig. 8. Habitus of Anthocoris spp., male, dorsal (A, C–E, G–H) and lateral (B, F) views. A–B – A. miyamotoi Hiura, 1959, holotype (Nakanoshima Is., Tokara Isls.); C – same (Wakayama, Honshu); D – same (Kagoshima, Kyushu); E–F – A. venustus sp. nov., holotype (Hokkaido); G – same, paratype (Tochigi, Honshu); H – same, paratype (Nara, Honshu). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Fig. 10. Scanning electron micrographs of male genitalia of Anthocoris spp. A–B – A. chibi Hiura, 1959; C–D – A. confusus Reuter, 1884 (from India); E–F – A. japonicus Poppius, 1909.A, C, E – pygophore with paramere, dorsal (A, C) and laterodorsal (E) views; B, D, F – paramere, dorsal (B, D) and laterodorsal (F) views. Abbreviations: end ‒ endosoma; prm ‒ paramere; pyg ‒ pygophore.

Fig. 13. Male genitalia of Anthocoris spp. A–C – A. chibi Hiura, 1959; D–F – A. confusus Reuter, 1884; G–I – A. japonicus Poppius, 1909; J–L – A. nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794); M–O – A. takahashii Hiura, 1959. A, D, G, J, M – pygophore with paramere (ejaculatory bulb omitted), dorsal view; B–C, E–F, H–I, K–L, N–O – paramere, two different views. Abbreviations: prm ‒ paramere; pyg ‒ pygophore. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 14. Male genitalia of Anthocoris spp.A–C – A. miyamotoi Hiura, 1959; D–F – A. venustus sp. nov., paratype.A, D – pygophore with paramere (ejaculatory bulb omitted), dorsal view; B–C, E–F – paramere, two different views.Abbreviations: prm ‒ paramere; pyg ‒ pygophore. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 15. Female genitalia of Anthocoris spp., dorsal view.A – A. chibi Hiura, 1959; B – A. confusus Reuter, 1884; C – A. japonicus Poppius, 1909; D – A. nemoralis (Fabricius,1794); E – A.takahashii Hiura, 1959; F – A. miyamotoi Hiura, 1959; G – A. venustus sp. nov., paratype.Abbreviations: ct ‒ copulatory tube; ism ‒ intersegmental membrane; sp ‒ sperm pouch; t ‒ trunk of conductive tissue (C–D, trunk of conductive tissue dissolved). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.