Calyptoseius longinoi, Lindquist & Moraza, 2016

Lindquist, E. E. & Moraza, M. L., 2016, A new genus of mites of the subfamily Platyseiinae associated with Azteca ant galleries in Cecropia trees in Costa Rica (Acari: Mesostigmata: Blattisociidae), Acarologia 56 (3), pp. 293-319 : 306-310

Calyptoseius longinoi new species

( Figures 1-8 )

Diagnosis — The diagnostic attributes of the genus distinguish this species from others described among genera of Platyseiinae . In addition, dorsal shield with setae j1 short, thick, serrated, in distinction to all other, attenuated dorsal setae, and setae z5 clearly shorter than all other dorsal setae excepting j1, z1 and J5. The short, palmate-spiculate form of the dorsal and lateral setae collectively on the femora, genua, tibiae and basitarsi of the legs, also matched by the dorsal seta of the palpgenu, is distinctive.

Description:

Adult female — Idiosoma 364 – 400 long, 250 – 275 wide; dorsal shield 331 – 362 long, 208 – 220 at its greatest width at level slightly posterior to insertions of setae r3 (n = 5). Dorsal shield slender, about 1.6 as long as wide, suboval, tapered along posterior half, with slightly rounded posterior margin ( Fig. 1A ); shield unornamented over entire surface, with conspicuous glandular pores, four podonotal pairs, and three opisthonotal pairs; shield with distribution of 16 pairs of poroids as shown in figure 1A. Dorsal shield with 37-38 pairs of setae of mostly similar lengths and attenuate form ( Fig. 1B ), all, excepting shortest j1 and J5, smooth, some with rather thin sinuous apices; j1 (13 – 15) widened with serrate lateral margins, j2- j6 (33 – 42) with nearly equal transverse intervals between insertions, z1 (19 – 20), z5 (25-29), z2-z6 (37 – 45), s1 (35 – 37), s2-s6 (37 – 48), r2-r6 (36 – 42); J1-J4 (36 – 42), J5 (14 – 16) slightly barbed, Z1-Z5 (36 – 48), S1-S5 (37 – 50). Lateral soft cuticle with six or seven pairs of marginal setae (27 – 43), r6 off or on shield, R2, R3 usually somewhat shorter (ca. 27 – 30) ( Fig. 1A ). Anterior extremity of peritrematal shield fused to dorsal shield at level of setae r2-r3, with pore gp1 on ventral margin at level of setae s1, and gp2 and poroid ip2 on dorsal margin at level of setae r2-r3; peritremes thin, extending nearly to setae z1 ( Fig. 1A ).

Tritosternum with base clearly longer (17 – 20) than basal width (10 – 12), with laciniae fused for about 0.3 of total length (67 – 80 excluding base), their fused length with base nearly bare, but free extensions with long, thin pilosity ( Fig. 1E ). Presternal area weakly transversely striate. Sternal shield mid-length (82 – 88) less than width at level of setae st2 (95), with anterior margin slightly indented medially, posterior margin broadly concave, and surface unornamented except for faint mid-sternal marking. Sternal setae st1, st2 subequal in length (16 – 18), st3 clearly the longest (27 – 32), and st4 the shortest (10 – 11) on soft cuticle. Endopodal fragment between coxae III-IV free from strip behind coxa IV. Epigynal shield smooth, 158 – 162 long, including expansive hyaline flap length of 70 – 75, narrowest width 52 – 61, and width 77 – 82 at level of slightly rounded posterior margin ( Fig. 2A ); with setae st5 (15 – 17) similar in length to st1-st2. Paragenital poroids iv5 well removed on soft cuticle from rounded posterolateral corners of epigynal shield. Anal shield ovate, smooth, its greatest width (59 – 65) slightly less than its mid-length (64 – 72), including cribrum; postanal seta (12 – 15) smooth or slightly barbed, nearly as long as paranal setae (14 – 17); cribrum thick (ca 45-55 wide, 10 long), confined to level behind postanal seta ( Fig. 2A ). Soft opisthogastric cuticle with gland pore gv3 adjacent to poroid ivp well removed from anal shield, and with five pairs of setae of dissimilar lengths, JV1 (13 – 17), ZV1 (15 – 19), JV2 (21 – 26), ZV2 (29 – 39), and JV5 (33 – 45) similar in thicker yet attenuated form to flanking marginal setae R5, R6. Peritrematal shield and its pore-like structures as described for genus ( Figs 1A, B ). Spermathecal apparatus with components difficult to delineate in specimens at hand, but with a long minor duct emanating from embolus at base of an ovoid, indiscernibly sclerotized, finely spiculated calyx with small diverticular bulge near base of wide major duct leading to solenostome between bases of legs III and IV: minor duct with terminus simple, slightly thickened, in posterior region of opisthosoma ( Figs 8A, B ).

Gnathotectum ( Fig. 1C ) triramous, with lateral branches wider, denticulated antiaxially, central branch somewhat longer, denticulated at tip. Cheliceral shaft, excluding basal section 145 – 158 long (ca 0.4 dorsal shield length), with moderately small digits ( Fig. 2C ); dorsal face of fixed digit with basally widened dorsal seta ( Fig. 2E ); fixed digit with offset subapical tooth by apical hook, and with pilus dentilis and file of three or four small teeth on ridge in apposition between two teeth of movable digit (length 36 – 41) ( Fig. 2D ). Corniculi horn-like, 25 – 30 long; internal malae (ca. 25) projecting somewhat beyond tips of corniculi; labrum (50) extending beyond tips of internal malae (as in Fig. 3C ) to anterior edge of palpgenu. Subcapitulum with apical five rows of deutosternal denticles similar in width, number (25 – 30) and fine size of denticles, sixth row the widest, sixth and seventh row sometimes irregular or with an eighth row. Subcapitular setae with hp1 (40 – 46) the longest, somewhat whip-like, hp3 (22 – 31), hp2 (11 – 13), and pc (27 – 31). Palpus length (111 – 114); palpfemur (30 – 33) nearly as long as palpgenu (24 – 29); palptrochanter with inner seta longer (26 – 30) than outer seta (20 – 22) but not markedly whip-like; palpfemur with dorsal seta distinctively palmate-spiculate ( Fig. 1F ).

Legs IV the longest of legs ( Figs 4 A-D), clearly (about 1.3) longer than dorsal shield length; leg lengths, excluding pretarsi: I 288 – 325, II 300 – 324, III 290 – 322, IV 415 – 460. Leg I tarsus (70 – 75) about 1.3 – 1.5 longer than each of femur (55 – 59), genu (45 – 50), and tibia (53 – 59). Tarsus I with short pretarsus (10-11 to base of claws) and claws smaller than on other legs ( Fig. 5B ). Legs II, III with tarsus/tibia length ratio about 2.1, IV with that ratio about 1.8 – 1.9. Tarsi II-IV with ventroapical process spade-shaped apically ( Figs 5D, F ); apical setal processes (d-1) relatively short (10 – 13), not reaching to bases of claws on tarsi II, III ( Fig. 5C ), but well developed (26 – 33), reaching to tips of claws on tarsus IV ( Fig. 5F ); paradactyli blunt, well developed, as long as claws (13 – 19); pretarsus length to base of claws (16 – 22); pulvillus with three dorsal blunted lobes and one slightly longer, ventral, acuminate process (14 – 17) ( Figs 5C, D ); of elongated setae, (l-2) (40 – 55) whip-like, slightly shorter than strap-like (d-2) (50 – 60); setae (l-1), (v-1), (v-2), md spine-like, of similar length (13 – 15), mv shortest (10 – 11) ( Figs 5C, D, F ); seta pl-3 of basitarsus II, III smooth, attenuate (38 – 40), longer than basitarsus length ( Figs 5C, E ), pl-3 of basitarsus IV of short (22 – 23) spiculated form similar to other three basitarsal setae ( Fig. 5F ). Legs I to IV with chaetotactic formulae of segments as described for genus, including presence of 12 setae on femur I (with pd- 2), 11 on femur II (with pv-2), and 11 and 9 setae on genua II and III, respectively (each with pv). Leg segments with dorsal and lateral setae collectively palmate-spiculate, ventral setae smooth.

Adult male — Idiosoma ca 293 – 330 long, ca 204 – 226 wide. Dorsal shield 310 – 313 long, 184 – 205 wide at level of setae r6 (n = 5); shield ornamentation, complement of pore-like structures and setation as in female except slightly more expanded laterally so as to bear setae r6 and sometimes R1 ( Fig. 3B ). Dorsal shield with 39 – 40 pairs of setae, their form and lengths as in female, except J4, Z5 slightly barbed like J5: j1 (8 – 12), j2-j6 (37 – 42), z1 (14 – 22), z5 (12 – 29), z2-z4, z6 (29 – 42), s1-s2 (33 – 35), s3-s6 (29 – 42); J1-J4, Z1-Z5, S1-S5 (35 – 42), J5 (11 – 14). Lateral soft cuticle with five or six pairs of R- setae (26 – 34), R1 on or off shield. Form of peritrematal shields and extent of peritremes as in female.

Tritosternum much as in female, but with base no longer (6 – 11) than width (8 – 11), and laciniae (54 – 56) fused for only about 0.1 of total length. Presternal region unornamented as in female. Sternitigenital shield length ca 155 – 162, width 72 – 75 at level of coxae II; shield mostly smooth, slightly marked near posterior margin; setae st1-st5 of dissimilar lengths as in female, st1-st2 (13 – 18), st3 the longest (21 – 26), st4 (8 – 11), st5 (10 – 14); poroids iv3 sometimes hardly discernible. Ventral shield unornamented, 28 – 30 long, 73 – 84 wide, with setae ZV1 (17 – 21) inserted near bluntly angled lateral corners; anterior margin slightly convex, with pair of poroids barely on its edge, and posterior margin slightly concave, with setae JV1 (12 – 17) barely on its edge. Anal shield and cribrum similar in form as in female, its greatest width (55 – 57) nearly equal to its length (55 – 62, including cribrum ca. 7 – 9 long, 35 – 39 wide); gv3 on soft cuticle at level of postanal setae; postanal seta smooth (12 – 14), nearly as long as paranal setae (14 – 17). Soft opisthogastric cuticle with four pairs of setae, JV2 (18 – 28), ZV2 (33 – 38), JV5, ZV3 similar in slightly thicker form and size to adjacent flanking dorsal setae R5, R6 (26 – 34), and with gland pore gv3 adjacent to poroid ivp well removed from anal shield ( Fig. 3A ).

Gnathotectum as in female. Cheliceral shaft, excluding short basal section, 99 – 102 long (ca 0.3 dorsal shield length) ( Figs 3D, E ); fixed digit with offset subapical tooth followed by pilus dentilis and two moderate-sized teeth ( Fig. 3D ); movable digit (29 – 34) unidentate; spermatodactyl 34 – 40 long, 5 – 8 wide at base, extending anteriorly 26 – 30 beyond apex of digit, with widened (9 – 10) head apically ( Figs 3D, E and 8 C-E). Corniculi slightly more widely spaced than in female, 23 – 25 long, and flanked medially by pair of short (ca 10) blunt processes of separate origin ( Fig. 3C ); internal malae and labrum as in female. Subcapitulum with seven or eight rows of deutosternal denticles much as in female but gradually widened, first row the narrowest with fewer (10-15) teeth, sixth row the widest with 25-40 teeth; hypostomatic setae hp1 (26 – 28) slightly longer, hp2 and pc subequal (22 – 27), hp3 shortest (10 – 12). Palpi (length 103 – 110) similar in structure, form of setae as in female; palptrochanter with inner seta longer (23 – 24) than outer seta (18) but not markedly whip-like.

Relative leg thicknesses and lengths, excluding pretarsi, similar to those of female, I 279 – 286, II 275 – 287, III 263 – 275, IV 387 – 405. Legs with segment length ratios as in female. Tarsus I with short pretarsus (4 – 7), claws 9 – 12 long. Tarsi II-IV with ventroapical process and pretarsal structures formed as in female, pretarsus lengths 16 – 18 excluding claws (15 – 20). Apical setal processes (d-1) relatively short (ca 12), not reaching to bases of claws on tarsi II, III, but well developed (23 – 27), reaching to tips of claws on tarsus IV; of elongated setae, (l-2) (35 – 50) whip-like, slightly shorter than strap-like (d-2) (46 – 56); length and form of other setae much as in female; seta pl-3 of basitarsus II, III smooth, attenuate (36 – 38), but pl-3 of basitarsus IV of short (21 – 22) spiculated form similar to other three basitarsal setae. Scant male dimorphism discerned among leg setae except dorsal setae nearly smooth on tibiae I and II, and less spiculated on genua I and II.

Deutonymph — Dorsal shield weakly sclerotized, 280 – 315 long, 145 – 157 wide at its greatest width at level of setae z5 (n = 3), with short lateral incisions reaching only to gland pores; shield with setae j1-j6, z2-z6, s3-s6, J1-J5, Z1-Z5, S1-S5, and with seven pairs of glandular pores, 15 pairs of poroids; dorsal setae z1, s1, s2, r2-r6, R1-R6 inserted on soft integument near lateral margins of shield ( Fig. 6A ). Form and relative lengths of dorsal setae as in adult female, except J3, J4, S5, Z4, Z5 sometimes slightly barbed, like J5; on shield, j1 (10 – 11), j3 (30 – 33) j2, j4-j6 (20 – 25), z3 (20 – 27), z2, z4, z6 (27 – 31), s3-s6 (31 – 35), J1, J2 (24 – 28), J3-J4 (21 – 23), Z1-Z3 (26 – 31), Z4-Z5 (24 – 27), S1-S5 (28 – 34), clunal J5 (11 – 12); on soft cuticle, z1 (11 – 14), s1, s2, r2, r4, R2-R6 (17 – 20), r3-r6, R1 (23 – 28). Peritrematal plate a thin strip, reaching anteriorly slightly beyond level of setae st1, discernibly widened anteriorly alongside setae s1-s2, where gp1 inserted ventrolaterally, and at midlevel where ip2 and gp2 inserted dorsolaterally; post-peritrematal pore-like ip3, gp3 on soft cuticle ( Fig. 6A ). Peritreme long (175 including stigma) extending anteriorly to level of setae s1.

Tritosternum similar in form to that in female, with base clearly longer (18 – 20) than basal width (12), but with laciniae fused for only about 0.1 of total length (56 – 68 excluding base). Presternal area devoid of ornamentation. Intercoxal shield length 150 – 165, weakly sclerotized, bearing four pairs of setae and three pairs of poroids; setae st1-st2 (15 – 17), st3 longer (22 – 24), st4 shorter (7 – 11), sometimes asymmetrically off shield edge; setae st5 (12 – 14) on soft cuticle, either flanking posterior edge of shield or together with iv5 closer to opisthogastric setae ( Fig. 6B ). Free endopodal fragment with gland pore gvb present between coxae I and II. Anal shield nearly smooth, slightly ovate as in female (length 52 – 54 including cribrum 8, width 32); postanal seta (9 – 14) barbed, slightly shorter than paranal setae (12 – 16); gland pores gv3 off shield close to ivp. Soft opisthogastric integument with complement of setae and pore-like structures as in female, JV1 (12- 13), JV2 (17 – 21), ZV1 (10 – 15), ZV2 (23 – 24), JV5 slightly thicker (21 – 25) ( Fig. 6B ).

Gnathotectum, chelicerae, subcapitulum, and palpal structures as in female. Cheliceral shaft, excluding basal section, 98-120 long (ca 1.3 – 1.4 dorsal shield length); movable digit 29 – 31 long. Palpus length 93 – 100, with normal deutonymphal complement of setae.

Leg lengths, excluding pretarsi, I (238 – 264), II (238 – 256), III (230 – 251), IV slightly stouter and clearly the longest (312 – 352). Leg setation with normal deutonymphal complement of setae as given for adult female. Tarsi II to IV with ventroapical process and pretarsal structures formed as in female; apical setal processes (d-1) relatively short (11 – 12), not reaching to bases of claws on tarsi II, III, but well developed (18 – 23), reaching to tips of claws on tarsus IV; of elongated setae, (l-2) (32 – 41) whip-like, slightly shorter than strap-like (d-2) (40 – 50); length and form of other setae much as in female; seta pl-3 of basitarsus II, III smooth, attenuate (30 – 35), but pl-3 of basitarsus IV of short (16) spiculated form similar to other three basitarsal seta.

Protonymph — Idiosoma 237 – 255 long, 167 – 198 wide at level of setae r5 (n = 3), with weakly sclerotized dorsal shields ( Fig. 7A ); podonotal shield 145 – 167 long, 135 – 170 at widest level between setae s4 and s5; pygidial shield 49 – 57 long, 74 – 80 at widest level between setae S4. Form and relative lengths of dorsal setae as in subsequent instars, except j1 less spiculate; J3, J4, Z3-Z5, S5 slightly barbed, like J5. Setal lengths on podonotal shield, j1 (7 – 9), j2-j6 (13 – 21), z4, s4 (21 – 28), z5 clearly smaller (11 – 12), j5, s5 (21 – 24); on pygidial shield, J3, J4 (12 – 16), J5 (7 – 11), Z3, Z4, S4, S5 (20 – 24), Z5 longest (25 – 26); on soft cuticle, s6, r2, r3, r5, R1 (17 – 22), J1, J2 (12 – 16), Z1, Z2, S2, S3 (20 – 23). Peritreme short (19-23 including stigma) extending anteriorly to mid-level of coxae III; peritrematal plate discernible for short extent anterad peritreme, but leaving pore-like structures ip3, gp3 on soft cuticle posteriorly ( Figs 7A, B ) and gp2 on free small peritrematal platelet anteriorly, where ip2 not discernible ( Fig. 7A ).

Tritosternum with base 18 – 25 long, 10 – 12 wide, with laciniae fused for only about 0.1 of total length (46 – 55). Presternal area devoid of ornamentation. Sternal shield hardly delineated, seemingly with endopodal extensions bearing gland pores gvb between coxae I and II ( Fig. 7B ); shield bearing setae st1, st2 (14 – 17), st3 (17 – 22) and poroids iv1, iv2; st5 short (4 – 5), on soft cuticle between coxae IV, where poroids iv not discernible if present. Anal shield smooth, slightly ovate as in female (length 39 – 42 including cribum 7, width ca 39); gland pores gv3 off shield at level of paranal setae, and poroids ivp; postanal seta (9 – 11) barbed, shorter than paranal setae (12 – 14). Soft opisthogastric integument with setae of dissimilar lengths, JV1 (10 – 13), JV2, ZV2 (12 – 16), JV5 longest (15 – 18), and with adjacent gland pores gv3 and poroids ivp ( Fig. 7B ).

Gnathotectum, chelicerae, and subcapitular structures as in female. Cheliceral shaft, excluding basal section, 80 – 86 long; movable digit 24 – 28 long, bidentate; fixed digit with offset subapical tooth and short file of two or three fine teeth. Relative lengths of subcapitular setae as in adult ( Fig. 7D ). Palpus length 80 – 82, with normal protonymphal complement of setae.

Leg lengths, excluding pretarsi, I 200 – 210, II 190 – 206, III 180 – 194, IV the longest and stouter, 220 – 235. Leg setation with normal protonymphal complement of setae as given for genus. Tarsi II-IV with ventroapical process and pretarsal structures formed as in female; apical setal processes (d-1) relatively short (ca 15), slightly shorter than pretarsi (12 – 14) to bases of claws on tarsi II, III, but well developed (20 – 22), reaching to tips of claws on tarsus IV; of elongated setae, (l-2) (ca 40) whip-like, slightly shorter than strap-like (d-2) (ca 45); length and form of other setae much as in subsequent instars; seta pl- 3 of basitarsus II, III smooth, attenuate (28), but pl-3 of basitarsus IV of short (13) spiculated form similar to other three basitarsal seta.

Larva — Unknown.

Figures

FIGURE 1: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., adult female: A – Idiosoma, dorsal view; B – Detail of denoted dorsal setae; C – Gnathotectum; D – Subcapitulum; E – Tritosternum; F – Palp, dorsolateral view; dorsal setae in solid black color; G – Detail of palptarsus.

FIGURE 2: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., adult female: A – Idiosoma, ventral view; B – Detail of proximal region of peritrematal shield and its fusion with exopodal strip; C – Chelicera, anterolateral view; D – Fixed cheliceral digit, lateral detail of distal region; E – Dorsum of fixed digit, with detail of dorsal cheliceral seta.

FIGURE 3: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., adult male: A – Idiosoma, ventral view; B – Idiosoma, dorsal view; C – Subcapitulum; D – Chelicera and spermatodactyl, lateral view; E – Detail of cheliceral digits and spermatodactyl.

FIGURE 4: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., legs I-IV excluding tarsus, adult female: A – Leg I, dorsal view; B – Leg II, dorsal view; C – Leg III, anterolateral view; D – Leg IV, anterolateral view. Dorsal setae in solid black color.

FIGURE 5: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., adult female: A – Tarsus I, detail of distal seta "s"; B – Tarsus I, dorsal view; C – Tarsus II, dorsal view; D – detail of pretarsus, ventral view; E – Detail of basitarsus III; F – Tarsus IV, anterolateral view and detail of dorsal strap-like seta. Fig. B, solid black circles refer to ventral setae; Figs. C-F, dorsal setae in solid black color.

FIGURE 6: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp. deutonymph: A – Idiosoma, dorsal view; B – Idiosoma, ventral view.

FIGURE 7: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp. protonymph: A – Idiosoma, dorsal view; B – Idiosoma, ventral view; C – Detail of corniculi and salivary styli; D – Detail of apex of subcapitulum.

FIGURE 8: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp.: A, B – Female, spermathecal structures, different views, arrow pointing to diverticular lobe; C-E – Male, spermatodactyl, different views.