Sagola castanea Broun, 1886

Park, J. - S. & Carlton, C. E., 2014, A revision of the New Zealand species of the genus Sagola Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae), The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 13) 68, pp. 1-156 : 137-138

Sagola castanea Broun, 1886

( Figs. 68j , 69j , 70j , 72 )

Sagola castanea Broun, 1886: 884 . Raffray 1893: 20, 1904: 497, 1911: 5, 1924: 231; Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 241.

Type Material. Holotype. NEW ZEALAND: Dunedin : 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “1573. ♂.” [white label, handwritten]; “Taieri” [white label, printed]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola ♂ castanea.” [white label, handwritten].

Additional Material (n = 39: 21 males; 18 females). NEW ZEALAND: Central Otago : 1♂, Omarama, Ahuriri Valley , 762m, 23 I 1966, J.I. Townsend, moss; Dunedin : 1♂, Allison Res, Akatore , 13 VIII 1997, J. Nunn, forest litter; Fiordland : 1♂ 2♀♀, Lake Hauroko , 2 XI 1966, J.I. Townsend, litter ; 1♂ 2♀♀, Hollyford Camp , 10 XII 1966, A.K. Walker, litter ; 2♂♂, Cameron Mts, Lake Mike, 488m, 13 II 1963, J.I. Townsend, litter; 1♂ 1♀, Borland Lodge, 26 IX 2009, J. Nunn, moss; 2♂♂, Lake Hauroko rd, 5km e of lake, 26 IX 2009, J. Nunn, moss on trunk of fallen beech tree; 1♂, Keplar Tck start, Te Anau, 21 II 2003, J. Nunn, moss; 1♂, Lake Hauroko rd end, 19 II–22 III 2003, J. Nunn, R. Leschen, FIT; 1♂, First Bay, Lake Hauroko, 22 III–19 IV 2003, R. Leschen, J. Nunn, FIT; 1♂, Fiordland NP, Monowai Lake, 4km sw Monowai, 11 III 2010, L. Masner, yellow pan traps, Nothofagus solandri forest; 1♂, Fiordland NP, Milford Sound rd, Smithy Creek Campground area, 400m, 44″57.065′S 168″01.155′E, 9 XII 2005, Nothofagus fusca & N. menziesii open forest, FMHD #2005-089, litter, M. Thayer, A. Newton, ANMT site 1170; 1♀, Fiordland NP, Kepler tr, above Brod Bay, 680m, 45″24.37′S, 167″39.105′E, 11 XII 2005, Nothofagus forest, FMHD #2005-102, litter, A. Solodovnikov, D. Clarke, ANMT site 1177; 2♀♀, Thicket Burn, Lake Hauroko, 4 I 1996, J. Nunn, litter; 1♀, Gertrude Vly, Milford rd, 22 I 2008, J. Nunn, moss on beech tree; 1♀, Lake Te Anau, control gates, 22 I 2011, J. Nunn, red beech litter; Otago Lakes: 1♂ 1♀, Paradise, 2 II 1984, J.C. Watt, wood mould; Stewart Island: 1♂ 1♀, Stewart Island, 14 II 1953, R. Hornabrook; 1♀, Stewart Island, 12 IV 1953, R. Hornabrook; Southland: 1♂ 2♀♀, Otatara, Otatara South Scen Res, 5m, 46″27.475′S 168″16.858′E, 12 XII 2005, coastal totara ( Podocapus totara ) forest, FMHD #2005-103, litter, A. Newton, D. Clarke, A. Solodovnikov, ANMT site 1178; 1♀, Otatara, Otatara South Scen Res, 5m, 46″2 7.4 7 5′ S 168″16.858′E, 12 XII 2005, coastal totara ( Podocapus totara ) forest, FMHD #2005-104, totara logs litter, M. Thayer, ANMT site 1178; 2♂♂ 1♀, Papatowai Picnic Point tr, 20m, 46″33.915′S 169″28.446′E, 6 XII 2005, mixed broadleafpodocarp forest, FMHD #2005-077, litter, A. Newton, M. Thayer, et. al, ANMT site 1166; 1♂, Catlins, Papatown SR, 15 II–24 III 2003, R. Leschen, FIT, 46°34′S, 169°29′E; 1♂ 1♀, Catlins, Tahakopa Scenic Reserve, 30 I 1983, C. F. Butcher, moss and rotten wood litter.

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species of the insignis species-group by the following combination of characters: body length 2.8–3.1 mm; temporal lobe of male head distinctly projecting, exceeding eye, with concave ventral surface; ventral surface of male head with transverse setose process behind mouthparts; male elytra rectangular, fe,ale elytra subquadrate; shape of antennomeres and genitalia unique to species.

Redescription. Length 2.8–3.1 mm. Body brown, antennae, legs, maxillary palpi, and elytra paler ( Fig. 68j ). Head: Male head triangular, widest across temples ( Fig. 69j ). Female head bluntly triangular, widest across eyes. Antennomere 1 approximately 1.5 times longer than wide, 2 longer than wide, 3 subquadrate, 4–6 longer than wide, 7–10 subquadrate. Frontal sulcus deep, reaching midpoint of eye. Anterior frontal fovea round, partially covered by frontal rostrum, posterior frontal fovea round. Eye large and prominent, approximately one-half length of temple. Temporal lobe of male head distinctly projecting, exceeding eye with concave ventral surface ( Fig. 69j ). Ventral surface of male head with transverse setose process behind mouthparts ( Fig. 69j ). Thorax: Prosternum as long as wide, widest at one-third length. Male elytra rectangular ( Fig. 68j ), female elytra subquadrate. Male meso- and metathorax trapezoidal, longer than wide, female as long as wide. Abdomen: Male tergite IV with pair of transverse patches of microtrichia reaching middle, patches absent in female. Aedeagus: Median lobe of genitalia rectangular and broad ( Fig. 70j ). Phallobase of median lobe symmetrical and rounded ( Fig. 70j ). Parameres symmetrical and longer than median lobe, with setae at apex and midpoint ( Fig. 70j ).

Type Locality. West Taieri bush, Dunedin, New Zealand .

Distribution. Central Otago, Dunedin, Fiordland, Otago Lakes, Stewart Island, Southland ( Fig. 72 : stars).

Habitat. Specimens of this species were collected by sifting leaf, wood, or moss litter in broadleaf, podocarp, or Nothofagus forests.

Figures

Fig. 68. Habitus of Sagola species in the insignis species-group, dorsal views. a) S. insignis, b) S. hectorii, c) S. bipunctata, d) S. angulifera, e) S. eminens, f) S. robustula, g) S. pertinax, h) S. monticola, i) S. laticeps, j) S. castanea, k) S. sheldoni, l) S. mercuryensis, m) S. cuvierensis, n) S. buckleyi, o) S. brumfieldi, p) S. otteai, q) S. boudreauxae, r) S. taegyui, s) S. hanae, t) S. gyudongi, u) S. egmontensis, v) S. boonei, w) S. stewartensis, x) S. jeongnamae. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 69. Ventral views of male heads of Sagola species in the insignis species-group. a) Sagola insignis, b) S. hectorii, c) S. bipunctata, d) S. angulifera, e) S. eminens, f) S. robustula, g) S. pertinax, h) S. monticola, i) S. laticeps, j) S. castanea, k) S. sheldoni, l) S. mercuryensis, m) S. cuvierensis, n) S. buckleyi, o) S. brumfieldi, p) S. otteai, q) S. boudreauxae, r) S. taegyui, s) S. hanae, t) S. gyudongi, u) S. egmontensis, v) S. boonei, w) S. stewartensis, x) S. jeongnamae. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 70. Sagola species in the insignis species-group. Aedeagi, dorsal views: a) S. insignis, b) S. hectorii, c) S. bipunctata, d) S. angulifera, e) S. eminens, f) S. robustula, g) S. pertinax, h) S. monticola, i) S. laticeps, j) S. castanea, k) S. sheldoni, l) S. mercuryensis, m) S. cuvierensis, n) S. buckleyi, o) S. brumfieldi, p) S. otteai, q) S. boudreauxae, r) S. taegyui, s) S. hanae, t) S. gyudongi, u) S. egmontensis, v) S. boonei, w) S. stewartensis, x) S. jeongnamae. Male heads, dorsal surface: y) S. bipunctata, z) S. eminen. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 72. Known collection localities of New Zealand Sagola species. S. pertinax: black circles; S. monticola: triangles; S. laticeps: black squares; S. castanea: stars; S. sheldoni: white circles; S. mercuryensis: white squares.