Myrmeleon trivialis Gerstaecker, 1885

Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Zheng, Yuchen & Liu, Xingyue, 2022, Taxonomic notes on the antlion tribe Myrmeleontini Latreille (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Myrmeleontinae) from Pakistan, with description of a new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 831, pp. 1-44 : 26-33

Myrmeleon trivialis Gerstaecker, 1885

Figs 16–20

Myrmeleon trivialis Gerstaecker, [1885] 1884: 23 . Type locality: India (Himalayas).

Myrmeleon montanus Navás, 1914a . 234. Type locality: India (Darjeeling).

Diagnosis

Body coloration generally dark brown; frons and vertex wholly black, without yellow markings ( Fig. 18B–C ); pronotum slightly wider than long, mostly yellow, with two broad median dark brown stripes, narrowly separated by a central yellow line; meso- and metanotum dark brown, posteriorly yellow, covered with scattered fine yellowish setae ( Fig. 18A ).

Material examined

PAKISTAN – Islamabad Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Faiz Abad ; 33°39′50.6154″ N, 73°9′9.36″ E; 480 m a.s.l.; 11 Aug. 2019; Hassan M.A. leg.; CAU. – Azad Kashmir • 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; District Bagh, Bagh City ; 33°58′18.29″ N, 73°47′37.45″ E; 1150 m a.s.l.; 3–7 Aug. 2019 • 1 ♂; District Pooch, Goi Nala , 33°50′8.1594″ N, 73°44′9.9594″ E; 1580 m a.s.l.; 5 Sep. 2019 • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Rawalakot Valley, the University of Poonch ; 33°50′58.776″ N, 73°46′26.5434″ E; 1645 m a.s.l.; 1 Aug. 2019 • 1 ♀; Banjosa Lake ; 33°48′36.10″ N, 73°48′58.89″ E; 1828 m a.s.l.; 3 Sep. 2019; Hassan M.A. and Hussain S. leg.; CAU . – Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province • 6 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; District Mansehra, Pakistan Forest Institute Filed Station , Shinkiari ; 33°28′58.41102″ N, 73°17′37.43297″ E; 1334 m a.s.l.; 19 Aug. 2019 • 1 ♀; Garhi Habibullah ; 34°24′23.0394″ N, 73°22′28.1994″ E; 770 m a.s.l.; 22 Aug. 2019; Hassan M.A. leg.; NIM • 1 ♀; Swat , 35°3′14.7306″ N, 72°33′53.4492″ E; 760 m a.s.l.; 11 Sep. 2019; Fazullah leg.; NIM • 1 ♀; District Orakzai, Tirah Valley ; 33°43′48″ N, 71°0′36″ E; 2300 m a.s.l.; 23 Jun. 2016; Syed leg.; NIM .

CHINA – Tibet • 10 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀; Shigatse, Gyirong County, Gyirong Town ; 2650 m a.s.l.; 25 Jun. 2020; Yuchen Zheng leg.; CAU . – Yunnan Province • 2 ♂♂; Baoshan, Longyang District, Mangkuan Township , Baihualing Village , Hanlong Camp ; 1400 m a.s.l.; 7 Jun. 2020; Yuchen Zheng and Jiazhi Zhang leg.; CAU .

Re-description

MEASUREMENT (♂ n = 4, ♀ n = 5). Forewing: length ♂ 36.0–39.0 mm, ♀ 36.0– 43.5 mm; width ♂ 7.5– 9.0 mm, ♀ 8.2–9.5 mm; hind wing: length ♂ 35.5–38.5 mm, ♀ 35.4–42.5 mm; width ♂ 7.0– 7.3 mm, ♀ 6.3–7.8 mm; body length: ♂ 32.0–37.0 mm, ♀ 31.4–38.0 mm.

HEAD ( Fig. 18B–C ). Vertex moderately raised; in frontal and dorsal view black, without yellow markings; epicranial area with longitudinal grooves, covered with short yellowish pubescence. Frons shining black, with short yellowish pubescence. Occiput shining black. Postorbital sclerite yellow. Clypeus yellow, with four long black setae on proximal margin. Labrum yellow, covered with erected brownish setae at proximal margin. Genae pale yellow. Maxillary and labial palps pale yellow, terminal labial palpomere spindle-shaped, palpimacula brownish, small and circular, with short black setae. Antennae black, with distal ring of scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum dark brown with several distal flagellomeres pointed at apex, covered with short black setae. Antennal sclerites yellow ( Fig. 18D ).

THORAX ( Fig. 18A ). Pronotum slightly wider than long, yellow, medially with pair of longitudinal dark brown stripes, separated by a narrow central yellow line, covered with short sparse yellow setae, anterolaterally with short black setae, posterolaterally and distally with a few long black setae. Mesonotum dark brown, covered with sparse yellow setae; posterolateral margins on pre- and mesoscutum with yellow markings, prescutum covered with long dark brown setae; metascutellum distally with a narrow yellow stripe, covered with sparse yellow setae. Metanotum dark brown, metascutellum distally with a narrow yellow stripe, covered with sparse yellow setae. Pleuron dark brown, covered with sparse yellow setae ( Fig. 18E ).

LEGS ( Fig. 18E ). Foreleg: coxa yellow, slightly brownish at proximal ⅓, with short yellow setae. Trochanter yellow, covered with mixed, short, black and yellow setae. Femur yellow, posterolaterally brownish at apex, covered with short black setae, proximal half with a few long black setae, proximal ⅓ with short yellow setae; femoral sense hair shorter than proximal half of profemora. Tibia yellow, laterally brownish in some specimens, distally shiny black, with short black setae, posterolaterally with a few long black setae, antennal cleaning setae yellow; tibial spurs brownish, straight, as long as Ta1. Tarsomeres yellow, distally each tarsomere dark brown, with short black setae; Ta1 longer than Ta2; Ta2, Ta3 and Ta4 nearly equal in size; Ta5 nearly equal to combined length of Ta1–Ta4. Pretarsal claws brownish, moderately curved. Mid leg: coxa and trochanter similar to foreleg. Femur yellow, anterolaterally dark brown, covered with short black setae, proximal ⅓ with short yellow setae but proximal half with a few long black setae; femoral sense hair shorter than proximal half of mid femora. Tibia yellow, anterolaterally brownish, distally shiny black, covered with short and long black setae; tibial spurs, tarsomeres and pretarsal claws similar to foreleg. Hind leg: coxa and trochanter similar to mid leg. Femur yellow, anterolaterally at distal ⅓ brownish, covered with long black setae, but proximal half with short yellow setae; femoral sense hair absent. Tibia, tibial spurs, tarsomeres, and pretarsal claws similar to mid leg.

WINGS ( Fig. 17 ). Forewing: relatively broad, slightly longer than hind wing, subacute at apex; membrane hyaline; costal area slightly narrow at proximal region; longitudinal veins yellow, except Sc and Cu at proximal half with alternate dark brown and yellow patches; crossveins yellow, except cubital area after posterior Banksian line with crossveins black; six to nine presectoral crossveins; initial branching point of CuA proximal to Rs origin; Rs with 11–14 branches; pterostigma small, milky white; anterior Banksian line indistinct as compared to more prominent posterior Banksian line which is proximally brownish black. Hind wing: relatively narrower than forewing, acute at apex; membrane hyaline; longitudinal veins yellow except Sc at proximal half with alternate dark brown and yellow patches; crossveins yellow, but median area after posterior Banksian line with crossveins black; five to six presectoral crossveins; median fork proximal to Rs origin; Rs with 12–14 branches; pterostigma milky white; anterior Banksian line absent; posterior Banksian line indistinct; pilula axillaris with rounded knob, covered with dense brown setae.

ABDOMEN ( Fig. 16 ). Tergites dark brown, distally with a narrow yellow stripe on terga 4–8; terga 4–7 relatively broader in both sexes; covered with short yellowish setae, but posterior and posterolateral margins of terga 6–7 with mixed, short, black and brownish setae, tergum 8 with short black setae. Sternites dark brown, sterna 7–8 each with distally a narrow yellow stripe; covered with short yellowish setae.

MALE GENITALIA ( Fig. 19C–G ). Tergum 9 trapezoidal, with anterior margin slightly prominent in middle in lateral view. Sternum 9 triangular in ventral view, covered with long and elongated black setae. Ectoproct nearly rectangular in lateral view, posterodorsal margin rounded, covered with yellow setae, posteroventral corner slightly prominent, covered with long thick black setae. Gonocoxites 11 highly sclerotized, lateral arms straight, rounded at apex in ventral view, apex curved ventrad in dorsal view. Gonostylus 11 cone-shaped, prominent in ventral view. Gonocoxites 9 separated, narrow and straight proximally, wide and curved distally with pointed apex in lateral view.

FEMALE GENITALIA ( Fig. 19A–B ). Tergum 9 subquadrate, covered with short black setae. Ectoproct rounded in lateral view, distal ⅔ yellow with short yellow setae, proximal ⅓ dark brown with robust digging setae. Anterior gonocoxites 8 short, as long as wide, covered with thick long black setae. Posterior gonocoxites 8 long, digitiform, covered with elongated black setae. Gonocoxites 9 broad and rounded, covered with robust digging setae, anterolaterally with a bunch of erected short black setae at proximal ⅓. Pregenital plate small, heart-shaped.

Distribution

Pakistan: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (District Mansehra, Garhi Habib Ullah), Azad Kashmir (District Muzaffarabad, Peer Chanasi), Punjab Province (District Rawalpindi, Murree); China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Shaanxi, Tibet, Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Darjeeling, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal), Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam ( Ghosh 1984, 2000; Zhan et al. 2011; Akhtar et al. 2018; Yang et al. 2018; Hassan et al. 2019; Ábrahám & Giacomino 2020; Oswald 2020).

Figures

Fig. 16. Myrmeleon trivialis Gerstaecker, 1885. Dorsal habitus. A. Male (CAUPK000025). B. Female (CAUPK000026). Scale bars = 5.0 mm.

Fig. 17. Myrmeleon trivialis Gerstaecker, 1885. Right fore- and hind wing. A. Male (CAUPK000025). B. Female (CAUPK000026). Scale bars = 2.0 mm.

Fig. 18. Myrmeleon trivialis Gerstaecker, 1885 (CAUPK000025). A. Dorsal habitus of head and thorax. B. Head, frontal view. C. Head and pronotum, dorsal view. D. Antenna. E. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 2.0 mm; B–D = 1.0 mm; E = 3.0 mm.

Fig. 19. Myrmeleon trivialis Gerstaecker, 1885. A. Female genitalia, lateral view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Male genitalia, lateral view. D. Same, ventral view. E. Complex of gonocoxites 9 + gonocoxites 11, dorsal view. F. Same, ventral view. G. Same, lateral view. A–B: ♀ (CAUPK000026); C–G: ♂ (CAUPK000025). Abbreviations: ag8 = anterior gonocoxites 8; ect = ectoproct; gst11 = gonostylus 11; gx9 = gonocoxites 9; gx11 = gonocoxites 11; pg8 = posterior gonocoxites 8; pp = pregenital plate; S = sternites; T = tergites. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 20. Distribution map of species of Baliga Navás, 1912 and Myrmeleon Linnaeus, 1767 from Pakistan.