Pteroplatus pulcher Buquet, 1840

Botero, Juan Pablo, Santos-Silva, Antonio & Bezark, Larry G., 2019, Revision of the genus Pteroplatus Buquet, 1840 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) and taxonomic notes in Pteroplatini, Zootaxa 4658 (1), pp. 69-100 : 86-91

Pteroplatus pulcher Buquet, 1840

( Figures 48–70 )

Pteroplatus pulcher Buquet, 1840: 287 ; 1841a: 286; Drapiez, 1844: 227; White, 1853: 82; Strauch, 1861: 127; Thomson, 1864: 258; Lacordaire, 1869: 165; Gemminger, 1872: 2966 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946: 588 (checklist); Linsley, 1961a: 632 (mimet.); Monné, 1994: 48 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 133 (checklist); Martínez, 2000: 90 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 451 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2006: 114 (checklist); Monné, 2018: 672 (cat.).

Pteroplatus atroviolaceus Kirsch, 1889: 39 ; Blackwelder, 1946: 588 (checklist); Monné, 1994: 47 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 133 (checklist); Martínez, 2000: 90 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 451 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2006: 114 (checklist); Monné, 2018: 671 (cat.). Syn. nov.

Pteroplatus dimidiatipennis Buquet, 1841b: 153 ; 1841c: 207; Strauch, 1861: 127; Lacordaire, 1869: 165; Blackwelder, 1946: 588 (checklist); Monné, 1994: 48 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 133 (checklist); Martínez, 2000: 90 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 451 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2006: 114 (checklist); Monné, 2018: 671 (cat.). Syn. nov.

Pteroplatus elegans Buquet, 1841b: 152 ; 1841c: 206; Strauch, 1861: 127; Lacordaire, 1869: 165; Blackwelder, 1946: 588 (checklist); Monné, 1994: 48 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 133 (checklist); Martínez, 2000: 90 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 451 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2006: 114 (checklist); Monné, 2018: 671 (cat.). Syn. nov.

Pteroplatus fasciatus Buquet, 1841b: 151 ; 1841c: 206; Strauch, 1861: 127; Lacordaire, 1869: 165; Gemminger, 1872: 2966 (cat.); Thomson, 1878 a: 17 (type); Blackwelder, 1946: 588 (checklist); Monné, 1994: 48 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 133 (checklist); Linsley, 1961a: 632 (mimet.); Martínez, 2000: 90 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 451 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2006: 114 (checklist); Monné, 2018: 671 (cat.). Syn. nov.

Pteroplatus nigriventris Brême, 1845: 310 ; White, 1853: 83; Strauch, 1861: 127; Lacordaire, 1869: 165; Gemminger, 1872: 2966 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946: 588 (checklist); Monné, 1994: 48 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 133 (checklist); Martínez, 2000: 90 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 451 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2006: 114 (checklist); Monné, 2018: 671 (cat.). Syn. nov.

Pteroplatus transversalis Brême, 1845: 309 ; White, 1853: 83; Strauch, 1861: 127; Lacordaire, 1869: 165; Gemminger, 1872: 2966 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946: 588 (checklist); Linsley, 1961a: 632 (mimet.); Monné, 1994: 49 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 133 (checklist); Martínez, 2000: 90 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 452 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2006: 114 (checklist); Martins & Galileo, 2013: 580 (distr.); Monné, 2018: 672 (cat.). Syn. nov.

Redescription. Male ( Figs. 58–61 , 68–70 ). Head black, with slightly violaceous reflections; mouthparts dark brown except yellowish apex of palpomeres; scape, pedicel and antennomeres III–VI black with slightly violaceous reflections; antennomeres VII–XI dark brown; pronotum entirely black except one small, elliptical orange spot on each side of anterior half; sides of prothorax black with slightly violaceous reflections; ventral surface of thorax black with violaceous reflections; scutellum black; elytra mostly violaceous, with wide, transverse yellow band just after midlength, slightly margined with brown, and opaque, longitudinal, irregular black bands; legs black with violaceous reflections; abdominal ventrites dark brown with violaceous reflections.

Head. Frons with moderately elevated, narrow central plate close to clypeus, carina-like toward vertex, rounded anteriorly; transversely depressed on each side of central plate (more distinctly toward side); finely, abundantly punctate except smooth central plate; with short, decumbent, moderately sparse brownish setae interspersed with long, erect dark setae, except glabrous central plate. Area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes not carinate centrally; finely, abundantly punctate; with moderately abundant, decumbent brownish setae laterally, nearly smooth centrally, interspersed with long, erect brownish setae. Remaining surface of vertex moderately coarsely, shallowly punctate; with decumbent, moderately abundant brownish setae laterally, distinctly sparser centrally (this latter area widened toward prothoracic margin). Area behind upper eye lobes nearly glabrous on narrow area close to eye, with abundant, decumbent brownish setae on remaining surface; with a few long yellowish-brown setae near eye; sculpturing as on posterior area of vertex. Area behind lower eye lobes moderately coarsely, sparsely punctate; nearly glabrous except long, erect dark setae near eye, more abundant toward ventral surface. Antennal tubercles with sculpturing as on frons anteriorly, sparser posteriorly, smooth at apex; with decumbent, sparse brownish setae basally, glabrous on apex. Postclypeus finely, abundantly punctate on wide central area, glabrous laterally; with decumbent, brownish setae on wide central area, not obscuring integument, interspersed with long, erect dark setae (more abundant on sides of this area). Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus on posterior half, inclined on anterior half; finely abundantly punctate, posteriorly; with short, decumbent yellowish-brown setae posteriorly, interspersed with long erect setae of same color close to inclined area; with moderately long, erect yellowish-brown setae anteriorly. Genae finely punctate except smooth distal area; with decumbent brownish setae interspersed with long, erect setae of same color on punctate area, glabrous at apex. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous on wide posterior area, slightly depressed, striate-punctate, with both, short and long yellowish setae anteriorly. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.57 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes equal to length of scape. Antennae (only one specimen measured) 1.1 times elytral length, reaching about posterior sixth of elytra.Antennomeres III–V with tuft of dense and long setae in posterior third; antennomere VI with tuft of dense and long setae in entire ventral surface. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.16; pedicel = 0.31; IV = 0.87; V = 1.08; VI = 1.36; VII = 1.08; VIII = 0.89; IX = 0.74; X = 0.65; XI = 0.87.

Thorax. Prothorax with rounded, slightly distinct tubercle centrally, constricted anteriorly and posteriorly; anterior margin slightly narrower than posterior one, but sides about as wide as posterior margin close to anterior constriction. Pronotum with large gibbosity on each side, gradually narrowed from posterior quarter to about anterior third; with slightly elevated central gibbosity on posterior half, followed by narrow carina to anterior margin; moderately coarsely, abundantly punctate (slightly less so centrally); moderately shining except wide, longitudinal, opaque band on each side of central area; with decumbent, brownish setae not obscuring integument, interspersed with long, erect setae of same color. Sides of prothorax moderately coarsely, abundantly punctate, except nearly smooth anterior and posterior areas; with decumbent brownish setae not obscuring integument. Prosternum with both, short and long erect yellowish setae, slightly denser laterally, forming narrow band centrally. Ventral surface of mesothorax with decumbent yellowish-brown setae not obscuring integument, denser laterally. Metanepisternum with moderately dense, short, decumbent yellowish-brown setae. Sides of metaventrite with setae as on metanepisternum, gradually sparser toward central area; with long, erect, sparse yellowish-brown setae. Scutellum with short, decumbent brownish setae, distinctly sparser laterally. Elytra. Distinctly widened from anterior quarter; coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate on anterior half, with small gibbosities on posterior half, following upward along sides of expanded area of anterior half (often less conspicuous than on posterior area and, when present, slightly distinct on yellow band); with short, decumbent, sparse brownish setae on dark areas, yellow on light area; with moderately long, erect, sparse dark setae on dark areas, yellow on light area; elytral apex uniformly rounded. Legs. Femora finely, abundantly punctate dorsally, gradually sparser laterally toward nearly smooth ventral surface; with short, decumbent brownish setae on punctate area, interspersed with long, erect brownish setae, present also ventrally. Tibiae moderately finely, abundantly punctate; with decumbent brownish setae interspersed with long, erect dark setae.

Abdomen. Ventrites with short, decumbent, sparse yellowish setae interspersed with long, erect setae of same color; apex of ventrite V slightly rounded.

Female ( Figs. 62–67 ). Antennae 0.9 times elytral length, reaching about base of posterior third of elytra.

Variation (male and female). Head dark brown; pronotum entirely black; pronotum orangish or yellowish with narrow or wide, parallel-sided black central band; pronotum with wide black central band, widened anteriorly and posteriorly, orangish or yellowish laterally except narrow black area close to sides of prothorax; pronotum with large jug-shaped black macula centrally, orangish or yellowish laterally, often with narrow black band close to prothoracic sides; pronotum with large black band centrally, noticeably projected laterally, posteriorly, orangish or yellowish laterally, often with narrow black band close to prothoracic sides; pronotum entirely black except one elongate yellowish spot on each side of anterior area; sides of prothorax dark brown; ventral surface of thorax dark brown with violaceous reflections (sometimes almost absent); ventral surface of thorax dark violaceous; scutellum with violaceous reflections; dark anterior and posterior areas of elytra brownish with slight violaceous reflections laterally; transverse yellow band of the elytra placed more centrally; elytra entirely orangish; elytra orangish on about anterior third, with wide, transverse blackish and yellow bands at about central third, blackish with violaceous reflections on posterior third; anterior half of elytra blackish with violaceous reflections, except large yellow macula on each side of anterior quarter, with wide, transverse yellow band close to midlength, and blackish, with violaceous reflections on posterior quarter; elytra orangish on anterior 2/3, black with violaceous reflections on posterior third; elytra orangish on anterior half, violaceous on posterior half; elytra entirely black with violaceous reflections; elytra mostly orangish on anterior half, with violaceous basal area (projected backward along suture), violaceous on posterior half; setae on frons yellowish brown; area behind lower eye lobes nearly smooth toward prothoracic margin; genae with golden setae close to eye; tuft of long, dense setae of antennomeres III–V covering posterior half; lateral tubercle of prothorax more distinct or absent; area close to anterior constriction of prothorax distinctly narrower than posterior margin; central area of pronotum nearly smooth, especially on posterior gibbosity; light areas of pronotum with short, decumbent yellow setae interspersed with long, erect setae of same color; setae on sides of prothorax yellowish; elytral apex projected at sutural angle.

Dimensions (mm), 4 males / 3 females. Total length, 10.35–14.00/10.35–15.90; prothoracic length, 1.40– 2.00/1.35–2.10; anterior prothoracic width, 1.35–1.95/1.35–1.90; posterior prothoracic width, 1.70–2.15/1.70–2.50; maximum prothoracic width, 1.90–2.60/1.95–2.85; humeral width, 2.65–3.45/2.65–3.90; elytral length, 7.70– 10.35/7.90–12.50. According to Buquet (1840) for P. pulcher , length 20 mm, width 10 mm. According to Buquet (1841b) for P. dimidiatipennis , length 17 mm, width 9 mm; for P. elegans , length 1-17 mm, width 8-10 mm; for P. fasciatus , length 14-18 mm, width 7-10 mm. According to Kirsch (1889) for P. atroviolaceus , length 16 mm, width 4 mm. According to Brême (1845) for P. nigriventris , length 18 mm, width 8 mm; and for P. transversalis , length 16 mm, width 7.5 mm.

Material examined. COLOMBIA, Boyacá (new department record): Santuario de Fauna y Flora Iguaque ( Cabaña Mamarramos ; 5º25’N / 73º27’W; 2855 m), 2 males, 4-21.XII.2000, P. Reina col. ( MZSP) ; 1 female, 13.XI- 4.XII.2000, P. Reina col. ( MZSP) ; Duitama-Charalá (5º58’13”N / 73º10’07”W; 2925 m), 1 female, 24-27.II.2016, V. Sinyaev col. ( MZSP) . Cundinamarca: 5 km Via Guaduas-Honda (5º05’58”N / 74º37’31”W; 1260 m), 1 male, 17- 19.V.2016, V. Sinyaev & C. Pinilla col. ( MZSP) . Norte de Santander (new department record): Pamplona (2300 m), 1 male, 1920, P. Rochereau col. ( DZUP) . 1 female, without data. ECUADOR, Napo (new province record) ( Cosanga , 2100 m), 1 male and 1 female, no date indicated, Jim McClarin col. ( QCAZ, see Bezark 2019)

Distribution. Pteroplatus pulcher is known from Colombia (Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Norte de Santander, Putumayo), and Ecuador (Loja, Napo).

Types. Pteroplatus pulcher — Holotype from Colombia (Bogotá), deposited at MNHN; P. atroviolaceus— Holotype from Colombia (Putumayo, Sibundoy ), deposited at SMTD; P. dimidiatipennis — Holotype from Colombia, deposited at MIZT; P. elegans— Syntypes from Colombia, deposited at MNHN; P. fasciatus — Syntypes from Colombia, deposited at MNHN; P. nigriventris — Holotype from Colombia (Bogotá), deposited at MIZT; P. transversalis — Holotype from Colombia (Bogotá), deposited MIZT .

Remarks. The work by Brême has been reported as published in 1844. However, according to the website of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum (https://www.bishopmuseum.org/), the pages 213–356 of the Annales de la Société Entomologique de France were published on January 8, 1845.

It is possible that P. gracilis and P. pulcher are extremes of a single and extremely variable species.

Figures

FIGURES 48–57. Pteroplatus pulcher. 48–49) P. fasciatus, syntype: 48) Dorsal habitus; 49) Labels. 50–51) P. elegans, syntypes, dorsal habitus. 52) P. transversalis, holotype, dorsal habitus and label. 53) P. dimidiatipennis, holotype, dorsal habitus and label. 54) P. nigriventris, holotype, dorsal habitus and label. 55–56) P. pulcher, holotype: 55) Labels; 56) Dorsal habitus. 57) P. atroviolaceus (= P. pulcher), holotype (Kirsch, 1889).

FIGURES 58–65. Pteroplatus pulcher. 58–61) male: 58) Dorsal habitus; 59) Ventral habitus; 60) Lateral habitus; 61) Head, frontal view. 62–65) female: 62) Head, frontal view; 63) Dorsal habitus; 64) Ventral habitus; 65) Lateral habitus.

FIGURES 66–70. Pteroplatus pulcher, dorsal habitus: 66) Female specimen 1; 67) Female, specimen 2; 68) Male, specimen 1; 69) Male, specimen 2; 70) Male, specimen 3.