Penottus cassideus, Dang, Kai, Li, Chuanren & Bu, Wenjun, 2012

Dang, Kai, Li, Chuanren & Bu, Wenjun, 2012, Four new species of Penottus Distant (Hemiptera: Tingidae) from China, Zootaxa 3346, pp. 29-42 : 33-34

Penottus cassideus sp. n.

( Figs. 1 C–D, 3C, 4C, 5B, 6A, 7C)

Description. Body relatively large, elongate, brownish. Head blackish brown, covered with white pruinosity, eyes black. Areolae ridges of paranota brown, most cell areas of areolae dark brown, some cell areas in the basal part of paranota brown; posterior process of pronotum brown, with lateral carinae and apex pale brown. Hemelytra brown, with irregular pale spots; costal area with a very broad fuscous fascia at widest portion, and apical portion fuscous. Ventral side of body blackish brown with venter brown; lateral area of each abdominal sternite from 2nd to 7th (female) or 8th (male) with a dark spot. Female slightly larger and wider than male ( Fig. 1 C, D); body length (N = 2 male, 3 female; male: holotype, then range of types in brackets, female: the photographed one, then range of types in brackets): male, 4.70 (4.60–4.70); female, 5.24 (4.98–5.24); width (across hemelytra): male, 2.04 (1.92–2.04); female, 2.35 (2.20–2.35).

Head long, preocular part twice as long as longitudinal length of eye (0.34/0.16) in lateral view. Frontal and median spines short, stout, erect, tuberculiform; occipital spines long, appressed. Antenniferous tubercles short, apex slightly bent downwards; antennal segmental measurements: male, I, 0.23 (0.23–0.24); II, 0.13 (0.13–0.14); III, 1.98 (1.92–1.98); IV, 0.63 (0.60–0.63); female, I, 0.26 (0.26–0.28); II, 0.13(0.13–0.14); III, 1.82 (1.82–2.2); IV, 0.57 (0.57–0.62). Bucculae narrow, mostly uniseriate and narrower anteriorly, not joined in front. Rostral sulcus narrow, uniseriate, widely open behind. Rostrum reaching 4th or anterior margin of 5th abdominal sternite.

Pronotum: anterior margin of collar somewhat sinuate. Hood of collar low, longer than wide, four areolae long. Median carina raised along pronotum, uniseriate, nearly straight; anterior part of lateral carinae concealed by paranota greatly trisinuate and moderately raised, with a few spines on each ridge ( Fig. 6 A). Paranota ( Fig. 4 C) inflated, cystiform or helmet-shaped, longer than high (l/h: 0.95/0.80), but slightly higher than wide (h/w: 0.80/ 0.72), nearly vertical in front side, slightly tilted outward, the crests widely separate, areolae large, polygonal; paranota covering most of pronotum except posterior process, entire median carina, hood and collar, with most outer margin touching median carina; width across paranota nearly four-fifths length of pronotum (1.44/1.80), height of paranota twice longer than length between base of paranota and inner-lateral margin of propleuron (0.80/ 0.34); area of paranotal outline relatively small in dorsal view ( Fig.7 C), area laterad of LAMP smaller than area mediad of LAMP. Posterior pronotal process flat. Scent gland ostioles elongate ( Fig. 5 B).

Hemelytra large, widest a little behind apex of pronotal process. Costal area sinuate, anteriorly bent upwards, mostly triseriate but quadriseriate in the broad fuscous fascia, areolae rarely arraying in a transverse row, irregular. Subcostal area narrower than costal area, divided into two areas by a longitudinal vein; outer part erect, uniseriate, inner part triseriate, areolae small. Discoidal area a little longer than half length of hemelytra, eight or nine areolae broad at widest part, outer margin sinuate. Sutural area large, fourteen areolae broad at widest part.

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin word, cassideus (= helmet-shaped), in reference to its paranota being helmet-shaped in dorsal view.

Material examined. Holotype: male, China, Yunnan Province, Yuanjiang County, Wangxiangtai Natural Reserve, 18. VII. 2006, Ming Li leg. Paratypes: 1 male, same locality as holotype, 21. VII. 2006, 2100 m, Ming Li leg.; 1 female, same locality as holotype, 22. VII. 2006, 2200 m, Ming Li leg.; 1 female, China, Yunnan Province, Yuanjiang County, Mili Township, 22. VII. 2006, 2200 m, Pengzhi Dong leg.; 1 female, China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong County, Zhengding, 4. X. 2002, 1800–1900 m, Huaijun Xue leg.

Remarks. The rostrum of Penottus cassideus sp. n., like that of P. bisinuatus sp. n., is much longer than that of other species of Penottus . This new species clearly differs from P. bisinuatus sp. n. by its lateral carinae beneath the paranota being trisinuate and moderately raised; but they are bisinuate and greatly raised in P. bisinuatus sp. n. ( Fig. 6 A, B), and the area of paranota laterad of LAMP is smaller than that mediad of LAMP in dorsal view while it is larger in P. bisinuatus sp. n. ( Fig. 7 A, C).

The entire visible median carina on the pronotal disc in P. cassideus sp. n. is similar to the condition found in P. minicystus , P. tibetanus , and P. verdicus . However, the new species differs from them by its quadriseriate costal area; besides, it is separated from P. minicystus by its longer body (4.65–5.24 vs. 4.03–4.33 of P. minicystus ), the shape of the paranota (in P. minicystus they are not spherical but flattened on the meeting sides), and the area of paranota laterad of LAMP being smaller than that mediad of LAMP (larger in P. m i n i c y s t u s). Furthermore, P. cassideus sp. n. also differs from P. tibetanus by its greatly sinuated and moderately raised lateral carinae beneath the paranota (in P. t i b e t a n u s they are slightly sinuated and somewhat raised, cf. Fig. 6 A, E), the shape of the paranota (in P. tibetanus they are not much inflated but tuberculiform, cf. Fig. 4 C, E), and differs from P. verdicus by its longer occipital spines (in P. verdicus they are tuberculiform) and its areolate carinae (in P. v e rd i c u s the carinae are without areolae).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Photographs in dorsal view. A. Penottus bisinuatus sp. n. (male); B. P. fujianensis sp. n. (female); C – D. P. cassideus sp. n. (C: male; D: female). Each scale 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 4. Photographs of heads and paranota in dorsal view. A. Penottus bisinuatus sp. n.; B. P. fujianensis sp. n.; C. P. cassideus sp. n.; D. P. tuberculiformis sp. n.; E. P. tibetanus Drake and Maa; F. P. monticollis (Walker). Each scale 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 5. Photographs of scent gland ostiole in lateral view. A. Penottus fujianensis sp. n.; B. P. cassideus sp. n.; C. P. bisinuatus sp. n.; D. P. tuberculiformis sp. n.; E. P. tibetanus Drake and Maa; F. P. monticollis (Walker). Each scale 0.5 mm. SGO = sent gland ostiole.

FIGURE 6. Illustrations of lateral carinae beneath the paranota in dorsal view (left paranotum removed). A. Penottus cassideus sp. n.; B. P. bisinuatus sp. n.; C. P. fujianensis sp. n.; D. P. tuberculiformis sp. n.; E. P. tibetanus Drake and Maa. Each scale 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 7. Illustrations of outline of pronotum with paranota in dorsal viewin dorsal view. A. Penottus bisinuatus sp. n.; B. P. fujianensis sp. n.; C. P. cassideus sp. n.; D. P. tuberculiformis sp. n.; E. P. tibetanus Drake and Maa; F. P. monticollis (Walker). Each scale 1.0 mm. LAMP = an imaginary line, connecting the anterolateral angle of the collar and the meeting point of the lateral margin of the paranotum and the posterolateral margin of the pronotum.