Trachyscorpia

Motomura, Hiroyuki, Last, Peter R. & Yearsley, Gordon K., 2007, Two new species of the scorpionfish genus Trachyscorpia (Sebastidae: Sebastolobinae) from the southern Indo – West Pacific, with comments on the distribution of T. eschmeyeri, Zootaxa 1466, pp. 19-34 : 21

Key to the species of Trachyscorpia

1a. Dorsal-fin spines usually 12; vertebrae 25; swimbladder absent ........................ subgenus Trachyscorpia 2

1b. Dorsal-fin spines usually 13; vertebrae 26; swimbladder present ..........................subgenus Mesoscorpia 3

2a. Distributed in western Atlantic Ocean ................................... T. (T.) cristulata cristulata (Goode & Bean) A

2b. Distributed in eastern Atlantic Ocean................................................ T. (T.) cristulata echinata (Koehler) A

3a. Tympanic spines usually absent (at least one side of head); upper-jaw lip poorly developed, premaxillary teeth exposed laterally; scales on lateral surface of maxilla; no blackish saddles on body in preserved specimens; body depth relatively shallow (32–35% of SL); orbit diameter relatively small (12–14% of SL); head profile concave or straight, and eyes oriented dorsolaterally ....................................................... ................................. T. (M.) eschmeyeri Whitley B (southeastern Atlantic and southern Indo –West Pacific)

3b. Tympanic spines always present; upper-jaw lip well developed, covering premaxillary tooth band laterally; no scales on lateral surface of maxilla; 4 blackish saddles on body in preserved specimens; body depth relatively deep (34–42% of SL); orbit diameter relatively large (14–18% of SL); head profile convex, and eyes oriented almost laterally........................................................................................................ 4

4a. Scale rows in longitudinal series 57–63; second pelvic-fin soft ray relatively short (18–25% SL, mean 20%), shorter than upper-jaw length; first anal-fin spine relatively short (5–8% of SL, mean 6%); pelvicfin spine relatively short (9–16% of SL, mean 13%) ................ T. (M.) carnomagula sp. nov. (Australasia)

4b. Scale rows in longitudinal series 50–53; second pelvic-fin soft ray relatively long (23–29% SL, mean