Mesembrinella batesi Aldrich, 1922

Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), Zootaxa 4659 (1), pp. 1-146 : 112-113

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:57309E14-0330-4ED7-BCDA-355EE6618215
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87E6-0F55-FFA5-FF19-BE8331B4F9C4
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Mesembrinella batesi Aldrich, 1922
status

Treatment

( Figs 5 View FIGURES 1–8 , 57–58 View FIGURES 57–62 , 103 View FIGURES 103–104 , 147–148 View FIGURES 145–152 , 216 View FIGURES 216–221 , 259 View FIGURES 252–265 , 303 View FIGURES 300–305 , 347 View FIGURES 326–349 , 388 View FIGURES 370–400 , 432 View FIGURES 424–438 , 471 View FIGURES 470–473 , 488 View FIGURE 488 , 490 View FIGURES 489–497 )

Mesembrinella batesi Aldrich, 1922: 15 . Holotype female (NHMUK), examined. Type locality: Brazil, R. Amazons [= Amazon River ].

Mesembrinella batesi: Peris & Mariluis (1984: 260) ; Toma & Carvalho (1995: 137); Kosmann et al. (2013: 78); Wolff (2013: 121); Marinho et al. (2017: tab. 1); Cerretti et al. (2017: tab. 2).

Diagnosis. A large dark fly averaging 12 mm (11–13/5) in length. Postpronotal lobe 3x 3, stem vein bare; wing with strong infuscation along anterior margin between costa and R 4+5; subcostal sclerite with long, dark setae; abdomen with heavy white tomentum and dark, pit-like areas around setal bases ( Fig. 103 View FIGURES 103–104 ).

Redescription. Male. Head. Frons narrow, 0.017 (0.01–0.02/5) of head width at narrowest, about equal to width of base of arista; fronto-orbital broad below, very slender above, frontal setae ascending about 30% of distance to vertex; frontal vitta as an orange triangle in lower 1/3, obliterated above; parafacial bright silvery, narrow above, broad below; gena orange with short, tan setae and a horizontal row of stout setae extending across gena and lower parafacial to vibrissa; pale tomentum extending from occiput into posterodorsal corner of gena; postgena with silvery tomentum with long golden setae; occiput with heavy yellow tomentum and with long, weak pale yellow setae; median occipital sclerite shiny, dark orange; pedicel and first flagellomere yellow-orange; palpus typical; ocellar triangle small, anterior ocellus slightly larger than posterior ocelli; eye with median facets about 2x size of lateral facets; facial ridge with short row of dark brown supravibrissal setae ascending about 1/6 of distance to antennal base.

Thorax. Dorsum orange-brown with four broad irregular pale tomentose stripes, pleural area orange; chaetotaxy: ac variable, usually 2:3 but sometimes 2:1 or 2:2, dc 2:3, ia 1, ph 1, ppn 3x 3, kat 1:1, 1 pair converging ap, 1 weak sa, 1 weak lat, 1 stout bas, 1 weak pb, 1 disc; subscutellum moderately developed; spiracles medium-sized, pale yellow. Legs yellow-orange; mid and hind tibiae and tarsi tan. Wing with strong macula along anterior edge between costa and R 4+5; subcostal sclerite with long dark cilia ( Fig. 490 View FIGURES 489–497 ); basicosta dark orange; tegula pale orange; section IV 0.36 of section III; calypters with tan discs; upper calypter with dark rim and short pale setae, lower calypter with pale rim and long, pale setae.

Abdomen. T1+2–5 more or less shiny blue and covered with heavy whitish tomentum, with dark pit-like areas around setal sockets ( Fig. 103 View FIGURES 103–104 ); T3 with two pairs of lateral marginal setae, T4 with weak row of setae on posterior margin; disc of T5 with dense, fine setae only. Terminalia in left lateral view with surstylus curved backward, cercus nearly straight with apical hook ( Fig. 57 View FIGURES 57–62 ); in posterior view, cerci with narrow base, of rectangular shape with blunt, rounded tips ( Fig. 58 View FIGURES 57–62 ); phallus in lateral view with epiphallus with broad base and tip sharply curved backward to a fine point ( Fig. 147 View FIGURES 145–152 ); in dorsal view, hypophallic lobes broad and elongate, oval-shaped ( Fig. 148 View FIGURES 145–152 ); T6, STS7+8, pre- and postgonite, ejaculatory sclerite, ST6 and hypandrium as in Fig. 216 View FIGURES 216–221 ; ST1–5 as in Fig. 259 View FIGURES 252–265 , ST3–4 unusually narrow.

Female. Similar to male except frons 0.302 (0.29–0.31/5) of head width at narrowest. T6 of WV shape; T7 broad, continuous with anterior edge, recessed midway; T8 as separate sclerites ( Figs 303 View FIGURES 300–305 ); ST6–8 and hypoproct as in Fig. 347 View FIGURES 326–349 ; spermathecae filiform ( Fig. 388 View FIGURES 370–400 ); ST1–5 as in Fig. 432 View FIGURES 424–438 .

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ ( Brazil; NHMUK; Fig. 471 View FIGURES 470–473 ), labeled: Brazil: / R. Amazons. / H.W. Bates. / 66.53.; Amazon. / 66 53; Mesembrinella / batesi / Type Ald.

Additional material examined. Brazil, Rondônia. 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 62 km SE Ariquemes , 22–31.x.1997, W.J. Han- son ( LACM) ; ♀ *, same data except 13–25.iv.1992 ( LACM) ; 2 ♀♀, same data except 8–20.xi.1994 ( LACM) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ *, 1 ♀, 62 km SE Ariquemes, nr. Fzda. Rancho Grande , 6–15.xii.1990, D.A. Rider & J.E. Eger ( FSCA) ; 1 ♀ *, 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW424 ) , 4 ♀♀, same data except 4–16.XI.1997, Fish Carrion Pitfall, J.E. Eger ( LACM) ; 1 ♂♦ ( TLW421 ) , 1 ♀, same data except 3–15.xii.1996, MV & black lights, J.E. Eger ( LACM) ; 1 ♀, 160–350 m vic. Caucalandia , 10°32ʹS 62°48ʹW, 12–13.x.1991, pitfall trap baited with human feces, J.R. MacDonald ( MEM) GoogleMaps . Ecuador, Napo. 1 ♂♦ ( TLW228 ) , 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW231 ) , 1 ♀, Misahualli nr. Tena , 6–19.x.2001, Mal. Tr., C. Brammer ( LACM) ; 1 ♂*, 1 ♂♦ ( TLW227 ) , 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW229 ) , same data except 27.iv–2.v.2003 ( LACM) ; 1 ♂, same data except Yasuni Res. Sta. , 0°40.566ʹS 076°23.851ʹW, 250 m, M.T. ( LACM) GoogleMaps . Orellana. 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW230 ) , RioTiputini , 0°38.2ʹS 76°8.9ʹW, 12–26.viii.1999, W.N. Mathis, A. Baptista, M. Kotrba ( LACM) GoogleMaps . Pastaza. 1 ♂, Limoncocha, 70 mi. SE, on Rio Cononaco, at Anglo air strip, 1°19ʹS– 76°6ʹW, 29.v.1976, Malaise trap, J. Cohen ( LACM) GoogleMaps . Peru, Cusco. 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Pilocapata, Villa Carmen Biológica Sta. , 12°53ʹS 71°24ʹW, i–iii.2013, E. Rodriguez ( FSCA) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW422 ) , same data except v.2014, multilure trap, M. Choque ( FSCA) ; 1 ♂*, Estación Biológica Villa Carmen , clearing edge, 12°53ʹ39ʺS 71°24ʹ14ʺW, xi.2012, T. Forster ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW423 ) , same data except 12.xii.2013, bait trap, dead fish, A.L. Norbom, B.D. Sutton ( FSCA) . Loreto. 1 ♀, 80 km NE Iquitos, Explorama Lodge, 11 km from Amazon R. on Rio Yanamono , 1–5.ix.1992, human dung trap, Castner & Skelley ( FSCA) ; 1 ♂*, La Merced, Fundo Genova , 30.vii.2008, [no collector] ( CEUA) .

Distribution. Brazil, Ecuador, Peru. Marinho et al. (2017) also listed it from Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago.

Remarks. Eight specimens were barcoded, from Ecuador ( TLW 227–230), Peru ( TLW 422–423) and Brazil ( TLW 421 and TLW 424). An additional GenBank sequence from Brazil ( KR820711 View Materials ) was added to the analysis. All sequences clustered together, with some genetic variation likely based on geographical separation. The genetic distance between sequences from within Ecuador was less than 2%, whereas between sequences from Peru and Ecuador it was around 6% and between sequences from Brazil and Ecuador it was around 5% ( Fig. 488 View FIGURE 488 ). This is a distinctive species and no significant morphological differences were found in specimens from different countries.

NHMUK	Natural History Museum, London
LACM	Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
FSCA	Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology
MV	University of Montana Museum
MEM	University of Memphis
USNM	Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

Copyright notice

No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.

Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Arthropoda
Class	Insecta
Order	Diptera
Family	Calliphoridae
Genus	Mesembrinella