Copestylum isabellina, (WILLISTON, 1887)

Rotheray, Graham E., Marcos-García, Maria-Angeles, Hancock, Geoff, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste & Maier, Chris T., 2009, Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in Agavaceae and Cactaceae including seven new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4), pp. 697-749 : 718

COPESTYLUM ISABELLINA (WILLISTON, 1887)

Larva and puparium ( Fig. 26 ): Anterior fold with a wide band of spicules. Metathorax with two groups of a few indistinct spicules on the anteroventral margin ( Fig. 30 ). Dorsal vestiture comprising evenly sized setae except for anterodorsal groups of large, broad setae on the mesothorax and metathorax ( Fig. 29 ) and smaller setae on middle transverse bands on abdominal segments 1–2. Abdominal segments 4–6 with second row of crochets inconspicuous and not as developed as on abdominal segments 1–3. Posterior breathing tube red-brown at base, dark brown at apex, below TR tube nodulate, above coriaceous. AP about a third as high to spiky rim as wide at TR ( Fig. 69 ). Pupal spiracles, about as far apart as a pupal spiracle is long and slightly curved in upper third. Openings coating upper half of one side, those at the apex with a short spiky projection ( Figs 72, 73 ).

Taxonomic notes: Very similar in larval characters to C. posticum from which C. isabellina differs in the pupal spiracles being about as far apart as a spiracle is long and the openings at the apex having a short spiky projection.

Material examined: 15 larvae USA Arizona, Tucson mountains east of Gates Pass, 1.iii.1965 J. F. Burger ex decaying stems of C. giganteus (Cactaceae) (SI); 1 ♀, one puparium USA Arizona, Yuma Co., Kofz mountains 20.i.1969 J. F. Burger ex decaying stems of C. giganteus (SI) 1 ♂, one puparium USA Arizona, Pima Co., 16 km west of Tucson 14.iii.1979 C. T. M. ex decaying stems of C. giganteus (NMS) ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀ four puparia USA Arizona, Pima Co., 22.5 km west of Tucson 21.iii.1979 C. T. M. ex rot-pocket in C. giganteus (NMS) .

Previous records: Hubbard & Schwarz (1899) ex C. giganteus ; Ryckman & Ames (1953) ex C. giganteus ; Maier (1982) ex C. giganteus ; Mangan (1984) ex C. giganteus ; Myles (1986) ex C. giganteus .

Figures

Figures 25–27. Third stage larval Copestylum, whole larva, head to the right; scale bar = 7 mm. 25. Copestylum apiciferum; 26, Copestylum isabellina; 27, Copestylum sica.

Figures 28–34. Third stage larval Copestylum, body vestiture, black areas represent extent of sclerotization; scale bar = 1 mm. 28, 31, and 34, Copestylum quadratum, 28, long fine setae from the dorsum of the metathorax; 31, crochets from proleg on first abdominal segment, larger crochet = primary; smaller crochet = secondary; 34, branched setae from base of lateral lips; 29–30, Copestylum isabellina, 29, short, broad setae from the dorsum of the metathorax, 30, spicules from the anterior fold of the prothorax; 32, Copestylum hambletoni, broad based setae from dorsum of mesothorax; 33, Copestylum multipunctatum sp. nov., triangular shaped setae from dorsum of the anal segment.

Figures 68–73. Puparia of Copestylum, scanning electron photomicrographs, scales as indicated on images. 68, 70, Copestylum macrocephalum; 68, posterior breathing tube (prp), dorsal view width of TR = 1.3 mm; 70, prp, apical; 71, Copestylum posticum; pupal spiracles, dorsal view length = 0.93 mm; 69, 72–73, Copestylum isabellina; 69, prp, dorsal view width at TR = 1.1 mm, 72, pupal spiracles, ventrolateral view length 0.82 mm; 73, spiracular openings, apical and lateral views.