Copestylum spinigera, Wiedemann, 1830

Rotheray, Graham E., Marcos-García, Maria-Angeles, Hancock, Geoff, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste & Maier, Chris T., 2009, Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in Agavaceae and Cactaceae including seven new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4), pp. 697-749 : 714-715

COPESTYLUM SPINIGERA (WIEDEMANN, 1830)

Puparium (anterior prothoracic plate missing in studied specimens): Dorsal vestiture of abdomen spread across folds and not strongly confined to medial transverse bands. Crochets translucent with red tips pale, not well indicated. Posterior breathing tube dark orange, short, about 10% as wide as puparium, AP about 0.75¥ as long TR is wide, coriaceous not tapering and ventrally strongly bulging longitudinally with a shallow, midlongitudinal groove from apex almost to TR ( Fig. 58 ). Apex of posterior breathing tube (prp) with three pairs of sinuous spiracular openings ( Fig. 59 ). Pupal spiracles long, about 1.6¥ as long as AP and approximated, only as wide apart as a pupal spiracle is basally broad ( Fig. 55 ).

Taxonomic notes: The puparium of C. spinigera is distinguished by the dark orange colour of the posterior breathing tube with, on the underside, a midventral groove and bulges each side and the pupal spiracles, which are as close together as a spiracle is wide.

Material examined: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, two puparia ARGEN- TINA AcSA 113, Pozo del. Tigre Farm vii.1970 H. Zimmerman ex Opuntia discolor Britton and Rose (Cactaceae) ( SI).

Figures

Figures 58–61. Puparia of Copestylum, scanning electron photomicrographs, scales as indicated on images, 58, 59, Copestylum spinigera; 58, posterior breathing tube (prp), dorsal view width at TR = 0.87 mm; 59, prp, apical view width = 0.8 mm; 60, Copestylum cockerelli, prp dorsal view width at TR = 1.5 mm; 61, Copestylum hambletoni, prp, dorsal view width at TR = 1.45 mm.

Figures 54–57. Puparia of Copestylum, scanning electron photomicrographs, scales as indicated on images, 54, Copestylum pictum, dorsum of prothoracic shield length 3.5 mm; 55, Copestylum spinigera, pupal spiracles, ventral view length 1.12 mm; 56, 57, Copestylum hambletoni, pupal spiracle length 1.3 mm; 56, ventral view; 57, dorsal view. af, apex of anterior fold with spicules; as, anterior spiracle; lf, longitudinal fold; s, spicule groups on anterodorsal margins of mesothorax and metathorax; P, prothorax; Ms, mesothorax; Mt, metathorax.