Copestylum marginatum, (SAY, 1829)

Rotheray, Graham E., Marcos-García, Maria-Angeles, Hancock, Geoff, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste & Maier, Chris T., 2009, Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in Agavaceae and Cactaceae including seven new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4), pp. 697-749 : 707

COPESTYLUM MARGINATUM (SAY, 1829)

Larva and puparium: Anterior fold with a wide spicule band extending from just above the antennomaxillary organs to the apex. Spicules extending almost to halfway along longitudinal folds of the prothorax, at least to beyond the middle sensillum on mid-dorsal folds. Crochets of metathoracic prolegs forming a w-shaped band. Metathorax with lateral folds bearing broad setae at sensilla 4 and 5. Anal lobe with broad setae. Posterior breathing tube with AP 1.6¥ length of TR, faintly coriacous otherwise shining and not tapering. Pupal spiracles ( Figs 51, 53 ) about 1.3¥ length of AP.

Taxonomic notes: Copestylum narginatum is most similar to C. limbipenne Williston, 1887 , C. truncatum sp. nov. and C. simile Giglio-Tos, 1892 in having the AP the same length as or longer than the width of the TR. It is distinguished from these species by the numerous spicules on the anterior ends of the longitudinal folds of the dorsum of the prothorax, wide band of spicules on the anterior fold, and a nontapering posterior breathing tube.

Material examined: Five puparia, six larvae USA California, Coquillett 4741; two puparia USA Texas, St. Antonio 20.iv.1906 W. Griffiths ex Opuntia (SI) ; 2 ♂, 5 ♀, seven puparia USA Arizona, Pima Co., about 22 km west of Tucson 21.iii.1979 C. T. M. ex decaying Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelmann 1850 (NMS); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, three puparia MEXICO, Oaxaca, Valerio Trujano 14.vii.1999 E. G. H., M. A. M., G. E. R. ex decaying platyclades of Opuntia pilifera F.A.C. Weber 1898 (NMS); 2 ♀, two puparia MEXICO Tehuacán, Puebla Zapotitlán, Salinas, Jardín Botánico 6–10.vii.1999 E. G. H., M. A. M., G. E. R. ex decaying Stenocereus stellatus (Pfeiff.) Riccob. 1909 (NMS); 1 ♂, one puparium MEXICO, Tehuacán, Puebla Zapotitlán, Salinas, Jardín Botánico 6–10.vii.1999 E. G. H., M. A. M., G. E. R. ex decaying fallen Myrtillocactus geometrizans (Mart.) Console 1897 (Cactaceae) (NMS); 14 ♂, 18 ♀, 32 puparia MEXICO Hidalgo, Metztitlán 19.viii–3.ix.2005 M. A. M. (CIBIO).

Previous records: Johnston (1921); Bugbee & Reigel (1945); Maier (1982) all ex Opuntia .

Figures

Figures 48–53. Pupal spiracles of Copestylum, scanning electron photomicrographs. 48, 50, Copestylum fornax; 48, dorsolateral view length 0.38 mm; 50, whole view from above scale as indicated; 49, Copestylum satur, lateral view length 0.73 mm; 51, 53, Copestylum marginatum; 51, dorsolateral view length 0.82 mm; 53, sculpture between openings, view from above; 52, Copestylum limbipenne, sculpture between openings, view from above.