Philodromus pictus KRONEBERG, 1875

Szita, É., Logunov, D. & O, P., 2008, A Review Of The Histrio Group Of The Spider Genus Philodromus Walckenaer, 1826 (Araneae, Philodromidae) Of The Eastern Palaearctic Region, Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 54 (1), pp. 23-73 : 64-69

Philodromus pictus KRONEBERG, 1875

(Figs 56–58, 65–66, 80, Map 8 )

Philodromus pictus Kroneberg, 1875: 30 , plate 3, fig. 21 (D mf; the f holotype in ZMMU; not located and examined).

Philodromus nanjiangensis Hu & Wu, 1989: 320 , fig. 254.1–3 (D m; the m holotype in the Biology Department of the Shandong University, China; not examined). syn. n.

Material examined: without label, PSU – date(?),2 f – without label, SZMN – date(?), 3 f. – KAZAKHSTAN: Almaty [=Alma-Ata] Region: Karasai Distr., N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau Mt. Range, W vicinities of Vesna, Aksai River valley, right riverside, c. 43°10’20”N, 76°47’40”E, 960–970 m a.s.l., A. M. Tleppaeva, SZMN – 13/06/1995, 1 m; s.r., Karasai Distr., N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau Mt. Range, S vicinities of Almaty, Alatau [=Vtoraya Pyatiletka], c. 43°10’35”N, 76°55’E, 1050–1150 m a.s.l., from the nest of Sceliphron deforme, E. A. Tleuberdina, SZMN – 1/07/1997, 6 f; s.r., Almaty [=Alma-Ata], Bostandyk [=Kalinin] Distr., N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau Mt. Range, Botanical Garden and Akademgorodok [=Al-Farabi av.], 43°13’05”N, 76°54’40”E – 43°12’30”N, 76°55’E, fences, 870–925 m a.s.l., SZMN, A. N. Ponomarenko– 29/06/1995, 1 f; same locality, A. V. Gromov, SZMN – 13/04/1997, 1 m; same locality, A. V. Gromov, SZMN – 7–27/06/1997, 26 f; same locality, A. V. Gromov, SZMN – 9–19/ 05/1997, 1 m; same locality, A. V. Gromov, SZMN – 26/05/1997, 1 f; same locality, A. V. Gromov, SZMN – 5/08/1998, 12 f; s.r., Almaty [=Alma-Ata], Medeu [=Medeo] Distr., N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau Mt. Range, Kamenskoe Plato, c. 43°11’15”N, 76°57’35”E, 1100–1250 m a.s.l., M. Ya. Folkina, SZMN, 6/08/1985, 2 f; s.r., Talgar Distr., N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau Mt. Range, c. 6 km SE of Almaty, nr. Butakovka, c. 43°10’30”N, 77°01’10”E, c. 1400 m a.s.l., A. V. Gromov, ZMMU – 3/06/1997, 4 m 1 f; s.r., Talgar Distr., N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau angulobulbis f, 80 = P. pictus m. Scale bar = 1 mm

Mt. Range, c. 0.3 km W of Medeu [=Medeo], NNE slope of Mokhnatka Mt., c. 43°09’25”N, 77°03’20”E, Picea forest, 1800–1850 m a.s.l., A. V. Gromov , SZMN – 3–28/07/1997, 4 f; s.r., Talgar Distr. , N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau Mt. Range , c. 3–3.7 km SSE of Medeu [=Medeo], nr. Shymbulak [=Chimbulak], 43°08’05”N, 77°04’35”E – 43°07’40”N, 77°04’55”E, meadows, 2150–2300 ě a.s.l., A. V. Gromov , SZMN, 29–30/06/1997, 1 f; s.r., Talgar Distr. , N foothills of Transili [=Zailiiskii] Alatau Mt. Range , c. 6 km SE of Medeu [=Medeo], Talgar Pass , c. 43°06’58”N, 77°06’47”E, c. 3200 m a.s.l., alpine zone, A. V. Gromov , ZMMU – 19/ 06–1/07/1997, 2 f; s.r., Paiymbek [=Kegen] Distr., NE foothills of Kyungei-Ala-Too [=Kungei-Alatau, Kühggöy Ala-Too] Mt. Range , c. 6 km NNW of Zhaidakbulak, Kegen River canyon, left riverside, c. 43°03’15”N, 78°47’E, c. 1600 m, E. E. Kopdykbaev, SZMN – 20/08/1992, 1 f. – UZBEKISTAN: Samarkand Region: Urgut Distr., Zeravshan Mt. Range , c . 38 km S of Samarkand, c. 18 km N of Kitab, Aman-Kutan Pass , c. 39°17’35”N, 66°54’35”E, 1650–1670 m a.s.l., A. A. Zyuzin, SZMN – 17/05/1994, 1 m. – TURKMENISTAN: Balkan [=Krasnovodsk] Region: Garrygala [=Kara-Kala] Distr., SW Kopetdagh Mts, Syunt-Khasardagh Nature Reserve, c . 6.5 km NNE of Kara-Kala, Parkhai cordon, c. 38°29’50”N, 56°19’E, c. 680 m a.s.l., A. A. Zyuzin, SZMN – 29/03/1993, 1 m. Akhal [=Ashkhabad, Ashgabat] Region: Gekdepe [=Geok-Tepe] Distr. , Central Kopet-Dagh Mts , Germab part of Kopetdagh Nature Reserve , Kurkulab River canyon, Mergenul’ya Stand , nr. Mergenul’ya ruins, c. 38°01’30”N, 57°32’50”E, c. 1140 m a.s.l., V. Parshultov, ZMMU – 23/06/1987, 1 f. – KYRGHYZSTAN: Chui [=Chu, Chüy] Region: Kant Distr. , N slope of Kirgiz Mt. Range , Uch-Emchek , c. 41°41’450”N, 74°46’35”E, c. 1450 m a.s.l., S. V. Ovchinnikov, SZMN – 22/07/1994, 1 m 1 f. Dzhalal-Abad [=Jalal-Abad] Region: Aksy Distr. , SE slope of Chatkal Mt. Range , Sary-Chelek Reserve , Aflatun River canyon, nr. Batyrakan ruins, c. 41°49’10”N, 71°51’55”E, c. 1550 m a.s.l., K. G. Mikhailov, SZMN – 30/07/1983, 1 f; s.r., Aksy Distr. , SE slope of Chatkal Mt. Range , Sary-Chelek Reserve , Kechkil’ River canyon, left riverside, Bakai Stand , c. 41°51’30”N, 71°56’50”E, c. 1600 m a.s.l., walnut forest, K. G. Mikhailov, SZMN – 14/07/1983, 1 f. Dzhalal-Abad [=Jalal-Abad] Region, Aksy Distr. , SE slope of Chatkal Mt. Range , Sary-Chelek Reserve , Temin’yak [=Tumen’yak] River canyon, c. 41°49’45”N, 71°56’15”E, 1520–1680 m a.s.l., K. G. Mikhailov, ZMMU – 12/07/1983, 1 f; s.r., Aksy Distr. , SE slope of Chatkal Mt. Range , Sary-Chelek Reserve , E shore of Kyle-Kel’ [=Kyla-Kol’, Koly-Kul’] Lake, c. 41°51’45”N, 71°59’50”E, c. 1850 m a.s.l., T. Tillaev, SZMN – 23/07/1983, 1 f; s.r., Üch-Terek [=Sargata] Distr., Kochkartyube [=Kochkor-Debe] Mt. Range , Kek-Bel’ [=Kökbel] Pass, c . 20 km ENE of Kara-Kul’ [=Kara-Köl], c. 41°42’35”N, 72°55’40”E, c. 1450 m a.s.l., A. A. Zyuzin & A. A. Feodorov, SZMN – 3/06/1992, 1 m 1 f; s.r., Bazar-Korgon [=Bazar-Kurgan] Distr., S slope of Baubashata [=Baobashata] Mt. Range , 3–4 km ENE of Arslanbob, Dashman Botanical Reserve, Yarodar [=Dzharadar] River canyon, c. 41°21’10”N, 72°58’40”E, 1720–1760 m a.s.l., S. V. Ovchinnikov, SZMN – 14/07/1991, 1 f. Osh Region: Lyailyak [= Leylek] Distr., c . 32 km W of Shurab [= Shorab, Shorob ] (35–40 km by the road), c. 40°01’50”N, 70°09’30”E, c. 1740 m a.s.l., A. P. Rasnitsin, ZMMU – 30/06/1959, 1 m. Fargona [=Fergana] Region, Besharyk [=Kirovo] Distr. , Besharyk [=Kirovo], center, park, ca. 375 m, 40°26’21”N, 70°36’30”E – 40°26’14”N, 70°36’33”E, c. 375 m a.s.l., fences, A. V. Gromov, ZMMU – 17/05/2002, 1 m 1 f. – TAJIKISTAN: Dushanbe Distr., S slope of Hissar [=Hisor, Gissar] Mt. Range, Varzob River valley , Kondara River canyon, Kvak Stand , c. 38°49’20”N, 68°47’40”E, c. 1900 m a.s.l., A. P. Kononenko, SZMN – 27/06/1976, 1 f.

Diagnosis: Embolus robust, curving retrolaterad. VTA wide. Ventral edge of RTA serrated. CD narrow, handle-shape posteriorly. SO in the posterior position.

Reasoning from the original figures ( HU & WU 1989: figs 254.1–3) and from the re-description by SONG & ZHU (1997: figs 136, A-B), it obvious that the male palp of P. nanjiangensis described and known from Xinjiang ( China) after a single male is identical to that of P. pictus . Thus, the name P. nanjiangensis should be synonymized with P. pictus .

Male (Almaty Region: Butakovka): Prosoma yellowish red, with the pattern of lighter and rusty blurry stripes and patches ( Fig 80 ). Opisthosoma brown, with the pattern of beige and dark brown stripes. Legs yellowish red, with dark brown patches around spines. Measurements (n= 4). Body length 4.05–4.35. PsL 1.7–1.95, PsW 1.65–1.85, OsL 2.2–2.4, OsW 1.4–1.5. Distances between eyes: AME 0.08–0.09, ALE 0.07–0.08, PME 0.06–0.07, PLE 0.08–0.09, AME-AME 0.13–0.15, AME-ALE 0.08–0.08, PME-PME 0.25–0.27, PME-PLE 0.18–0.21, MOA-AW 0.27–0.28, MOA-PW 0.38–0.39, MOA-L 0.30–0.31, AME-PME 0.17–0.20, ALE-PLE 0.17–0.20. Length of leg segments: FeI 2–2.5, PaI 0.9–0.98, TiI 1.9–2.18, MtI 1.75–1.9, TaI 1–1.05, FeII 2.9–3.05, PaII 1.1–1.2, TiII 2.65–2.9, MtII 2.33–2.6, TaII 1.25–1.4, FeIII 2–2.3, PaIII 0.7–0.85, TiIII 1.7–1.85, MtIII 1.45–1.65, TaIII 0.8–0.9, FeIV 2–2.25, PaIV 0.7–0.85, TiIV 1.6–1.8, MtIV 1.55–1.7, TaIV 0.8–0.9. Total length of legs: legI 7.6–8.5, legII 10.23–11.05, legIII 6.8–7.5, legIV 6.75–7.5. Spination of leg I: femur: d 0–1–1–0–1; pl 0–1–1–0–1; v -; rl 0–0–1–1–1or 0–0–1–1–0. patella: d 1–0–1. tibia: d 1–0–0–1–0 or 0–0–1; pl 1–1–0–1–0; v 2–0–2–0–0ap or 0–2–2–0–0ap; rl 1–1–0–1–0. metatarsus: d – or 1–0–0–0–0; pl 1–0–1–0–1; v 2–0–2–0–0ap; rl 1–0–1–0–1.

Palpus (Figs 56–58). CyL 0.62–0.67, CyW 0.31–0.34, PTiL. 0.28–0.35. The ST is not seen in ventral view. Embolus robust, benting retro-laterad; its tip is often hidden behind the membranous conductor. The palpal tibia longer than wide. The VTA wide at its base, with the rounded tip. The ventral edge of RTA serrated.

Female (Almaty Region: Butakovka and Medeo): Colouration and colour pattern as in males but paler. Measurements (n= 3). Body length 4.8–5.8. PsL 1.8–2.1, PsW 1.8–2.05, OsL 3–3.7, OsW 2.25–2.75. Distances between eyes: AME 0.08–0.09, ALE 0.07–0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08, AME-AME 0.15–0.20, AME-ALE 0.09–0.11, PME-PME 0.29–0.34, PME-PLE 0.21–0.22, MOA-AW 0.29–0.34, MOA-PW 0.43–0.46, MOA-L 0.32–0.34, AME-PME 0.20–0.22, ALE-PLE 0.19–0.22. Length of leg segments: FeI 2.15–2.5, PaI 1–1.1, TiI 1.75–1.8, MtI 1.5–1.6, TaI 0.9–0.95, FeII 2.45–2.85, PaII 1.1–1.2, TiII 2.25–2.3, MtII 1.8–1.95, TaII 1.05–1.1, FeIII 2–2.2, PaIII 0.8–0.95, TiIII 1.6–1.65, MtIII 1.3–1.45, TaIII 0.8–0.95, FeIV 1.95–2.2, PaIV 0.8–0.8, TiIV 1.5–1.55, MtIV 1.3–1.45, TaIV 0.7–0.85. Total length of legs: legI 7.4–7.95, legII 8.7–9.35, legIII 6.7–7, legIV 6.25–6.8. Spination of leg I: femur: d 0–0–1–0–1; pl 0–1–1–0–1; v -; rl 0–0–1–0–1 or -. patella: d 1–0–0. tibia: d 0–0–1; pl 1–1–0–1–0; v 2–0–2–0–0ap; rl 1–1–0–1–0. metatarsus: d -; pl 1–0–1–0–1 or 1–0–1–0–0; v 2–0–2–0–0ap; rl 1–0–1–0–1 or 1–0–1–0–0.

Epigyne and spermathecae ( Figs 65–66 ). The CD narrow in the middle, widening posteriorly (handle-shaped). The IOs are situated anteriorly. The distance between EA is almost twice of their length. The apical part of EA rounded. The S rounded, slightly longer than wide, narrowing anteriorly. The SO is in the medio-posterior position.

Remarks: P. pictus was identified on the basis of SPASSKY’ s description ( SPASSKY & SHNITNIKOV 1937: figs 7–8), as we have been unable to locate and re-examine the type series of this species. This species is most similar to P. hui YANG et MAO, 2002 described recently from Yunnan Province of China ( YANG & MAO 2002: figs 1–4), but differs in the shorter and wider VTA and RTA in males (Figs 56, 57) and the narrower and concave CD in females ( Fig. 65 ).

Habitat: Tajikistan: Acer -Crataegus -Cotoneaster associations ( ANDREEVA 1976). Kazakhstan: pine forests (present data). Kirghizia: walnut forests (in grass) ( ZONSTEIN 1984; present data); in Tian-Shan, the species occurs from meadow or forestry foothills to alpine meadows (present data). Elevations: 370–3200 m a.s.l.

This spider species was also collected from nests of the Asian mud dauber, Sceliphron deforme SMITH, 1856 ( Sphecidae ) (present data).

Distribution: The Central Asian (Turanian) subboreal range; known from the SW Kopedagh (present data) in the south-west, eastward to Tajikistan ( KRONEBERG 1875, 1885, ANDREEVA 1975, 1976), northward to Kirghizia and NE Kazakhstan ( SPASSKY & SHNITNIKOV 1937, ZONSTEIN 1984), and eastward to China, Xinjiang ( HU & WU 1989, SONG & ZHU 1997, SONG et al. 1999; all sub P. nanjiangensis ); for the collection localities see Map 8 .

The records from Tajikistan (Kondara Canyon) by KHARITONOV (1951) were based on juveniles and are therefore neglected here. The record of P. pictus from Turkey ( TOPÇU et al. 2005) needs a confirmation, for we are not sure in the accuracy of this identification. As we have been unable to re-examine the pertinent material, we have neglected this record in the current account.

*

Acknowledgements – We would like to express our thanks to G. N. AZARKINA (of the SZMN), S. L. ESYUNIN (of the PSU), J. HOGAN (of the HECO), A. V. GROMOV (Almaty, Kazakhstan), K. G. MIKHAILOV (of the ZMMU), S. N. DANILOV (Ulan-Ude, Russia), S. KOPONEN (of the ZMTU), C. ROLLARD (of the MNHN) and T. KRONESTEDT (of the SMNH) for giving access to the specimens un- der their care. Mr J. GÁL (Budapest, Hungary) is thanked for his valuable technical help. Dr Q.-J. MENG (Manchester, UK) is cordially obliged for translating Chinese records for some Philodromus species. Our sincere thanks go to Mr A. V. GROMOV (Almaty, Kazakhstan) for his kind and priceless help in revising locality data for all the studied species. Finally, we wish to thank Drs. CS. SZINETÁR (Szombathely, Hungary) and F. SAMU (Budapest, Hungary) for their helpful criticism and discussions. TAMÁS SZŰTS (Budapest, Hungary) and an anonymous referee are thanked for their critical comments helping to improve the MS.

Figures

Maps 7–8. Distribution of P. lanchowensis (7) and P. pictus (8). One dot may represent more than one close localities

Figs 67–80. Body patterns of Philodromus spp. 67 = P. histrio f, 68 = P. ablegminus f, 69 = P. xerophilus f, 70 = P. lanchowensis m, 71 = P. alascensis m, 72 = ditto f, 73 = P. tuvinensis m, 74 = ditto f, 75 = P. mysticus f, 76 = P. timidus m, 77 = P. xinjiangensis m, 78 = P. fallax m, 79 = P.

Figs 59–66. Female genitalia of Philodromus spp. 59–60. = P. fallax – 59 = epigyne, 60 = spermathecae.61–62. = P. angulobulbis – 61 = epigyne, 62 = spermathecae. 63–64.= P.triangulatus – 63 = epigyne, 64 = spermathecae.65–66. = P. pictus – 65 = epigyne, 66 =spermathecae.Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Specimens: P. fallax: from E Kazakhstan Region: Tarbagatai Distr., c. 5 km ESE of Tugyl; P. angulobulbis: the paratype from Tuva: Dus-Khol’ Lake; P. triangulatus: Tuva, Kyzyl; P. pictus: Almaty Region, Butakovka