Bifidostylus silveirae, Randall T. Schuh & Michael D. Schwartz, 2016

Randall T. Schuh & Michael D. Schwartz, 2016, Nineteen new genera and 82 new species of Cremnorrhinina from Australia, including analyses of host relationships and distributions (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylininae: Cremnorrhinini), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 401, pp. 1-279 : 62-65

Bifidostylus silveirae , new species

Figures 8, 18, map 5, table 1, plates 4, 5, 42A,

B, D

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by moderate size, elongate, parallel-sided body form, and bulg ‐ ing eyes in male; greenish coloration (fig. 8A, B, pl. 4; endosoma with both straps broad before apex, one strap extending well beyond secondary gonopore, the other only slightly exceeding it and forming a cleft at level of gonopore (fig. 18, pl. 5); left paramere with sinuous dorsal margin of posterior process; right paramere with conspicuously bifid apex. Apical structure of endosomal spines distinctive among Bifidostylus spp., but structure of parameres and endosoma concordant; uniform green coloration as in many Bifidostylus species; vestiture of dorsum ranging from pale to dark. Female not so elongate and with smaller eyes than male. Similar to B. omnivorus in coloration, large eyes in male, and occupation of multiple hosts, but separated by the single, slender, apical endosomal spine and the more strongly ovoid body form in that species.

DESCRIPTION: MALE: Relatively small, parallel sided, mean total length 3.17, mean pronotum width 0.89. COLORATION (pl. 4): Pale green; membrane moderately fumose. SUR- FACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 8A–C, pl. 4): Dorsum smooth, weakly polished and shining; dorsal vestiture of recumbent, dark, simple setae. STRUCTURE: Head (fig. 8A, B): Eyes large, protuberant; vertex relatively narrow; frons weakly swollen and slightly projecting beyond anterior margin of eye; eye occupying two-thirds height of head; antenna inserted somewhat above ventral margin of eye, eye emarginate at insertion; antennal segment 2 moderately long (0.95), 1.36 times width of head; labium reaching to just beyond apex of procoxa. Thorax (fig. 8B, pl. 4): Pronotum with posterior lobe weakly elevated, lateral and posterior margins nearly straight; calli obscure, weakly demarcated along posterior margin; mesoscutum moderately exposed; thoracic pleuron as in figure 8D. Pretarsus as in figure 8F. Hemelytron: Corial margin straight; cuneus weakly elongate triangular. GENITALIA (figs. 8E, 18, pl. 5): Pygophore: Broadly conical with one variable tubercle present midway between left paramere insertion and anterior margin of pygophore. Endosoma: Sigmoid or J-shaped (twisting of endosoma apparently depending on preservation), when sigmoidal distal onehalf bent to left; dorsal and ventral straps joined apically, both straps forming somewhat thickened blades; ventral strap projecting distad of secondary gonopore as broad spine, base of spine contiguous with base of subapical spine projecting from dorsal strap; subapical secondary gonopore well sclerotized, situated in membrane spanning hollowed, medial, weakly sclerotized notch of ventral strap; gonopore surrounded by membrane. Phallotheca: Apical portion pitcher shaped, strongly broadened subapically, compressed or flattened in dorsal view, aperture situated on anterodorsal surface, elongate, extending to apex, strongly sclerotized marginally; basal portion reaching to middle of ventral surface of pygophore in situ. Parameres: Left paramere relatively large with undulating dorsoposterior margin prominently elevated above anterior and posterior processes; posterior process long, undulating in lateral view and sinuous in dorsal view; anterior process small, produced beyond surface of paramere, long seta present ventrad of process. Right paramere somewhat swollen with well-defined bifid apex.

FEMALE (pl. 4): Elongate ovoid, mean total length 3.08, mean pronotum width 0.91. Coloration and vestiture as in male. Eyes smaller and vertex somewhat wider than in male. GENITALIA as in plate 42A, B, D.

ETYMOLOGY: Named from Rossana Silveira, in recognition of her collection of this species and other contributions to our knowledge of Australian Cremnorrhinina.

HOSTS: Recorded from Eremophila caperata (pl. 37A–C), E. mitchellii , E. platythamnos (pl. 38H), and E. sturtii (pl. 39C–E) ( Scrophulariaceae ); also recorded from Frankenia sp. ( Frankeniaceae ) and Eucalyptus populnea (Myrtaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION (map 5): Known from southcentral Queensland and western New South Wales as well as from the Goldfields Region of Western Australia.

DISCUSSION: This is one of the most frequently collected species of Bifidostylus , based on the collections we have examined. Most known specimens were collected on four different species of Eremophila , although the taxon is also known from Eucalyptus and Frankenia . Pygophore tubercle varies from a modest bump to narrow straight-sided projection.

HOLOTYPE: AUSTRALIA: South Australia: 14.3 km S of Erudina Woolshed, 31.53334°S 139.5506°E, 86 m, 0 9 Nov 2001, Cassis, Schuh, and Schwartz, Eremophila sturtii R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. NSW staff NSW666375, 1♂ (AMNH_PBI 00099248) (SAMA).

PARATYPES: AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: 77.2 km E of Broken Hill on Barrier Hiway, 31.76668°S 142.2592°E, 150 m, 10 Nov 2001, Cassis, Schuh, and Schwartz, Eremophila sturtii R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. NSW staff NSW666375, 1♂ (00391053) (AM), 3♂ (00099597– 00099599), 9♀ (00099601–00099609) (AMNH). Queensland: 9.6 km W of Mitchell, 26.49202°S 147.8728°E, 430 m, 31 Oct 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Eremophila mitchellii Benth. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. Royal Bot Gard. NSW NSW427506, 2♂ (00414646, 00414648), 6♀ (00414649, 0 0 414652– 00414654), 0 0 414656, 00414657) (AM), Euca ‐ lyptus populnea populnea (Myrtaceae) , det. Royal Bot Gard. NSW NSW427492, 1♂ (00130500), 5♀ (00130501–00130505) (AMNH). 14.2 km E of Charleville , 26.42171°S 146.3756°E, 375 m, 31 Oct 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, 1♂ (00389863) (AM). 48.6 km NW of Charleville , 26.14706°S 145.8637°E, 365 m, 0 1 Nov 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Eremophila mitchellii Benth. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. Royal Bot Gard. NSW NSW427510, 5♂ (00087305, 0 0 389886– 00389889), 14♀ (00087306, 0 0 389890–00389902) (AM), 3♂ (00130574–00130576), 9♀ (00130577– 00130585) (AMNH). 91 km N of Quilpie, 25.99847°S 144.4098°E, 300 m, 0 2 Nov 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Eremophila sturtii R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. Royal Bot Gard. NSW NSW427514, 24♂ (00389131–0 0 389144, 0 0 389157–0 0 389162, 0 0 0 87211, 0 0 389846, 0 0 38 9847, 00389850), 26♀ (00389145–0 0 389156, 0 0 389163–0 0 389167, 0 0 0 87212, 0 0 389848, 0 0 389 849, 0 0 389851–00389856) (AM), 2♂ (00087467, 00391090) (AMNH). South Australia: 10.3 km W of Quondong Vale, 33.1137°S 140.2231°E, 100 m, 0 8 Nov 1996, Schuh and Cassis, Eremophila caperata Chinnock (Scrophulariaceae) , det. PERTH staff PERTH 0 5236592, 8♂ (00388866– 0 0 388872, 00391091), 23♀ (00388873–00388895) (AM), 6♂ (00135331–0 0 135334, 0 0 128495, 00135337), 21♀ (00128496–0 0 128498, 0 0 135338– 0 0 135353, 0 0 135361, 00135362) 1♂ (00137422) (AMNH), 2♂ (00135335, 00135336), 7♀ (00135354– 00135360) (SAMA). 14.3 km S of Erudina Woolshed, 31.53334°S 139.5506°E, 86 m, 0 9 Nov 2001, Cassis, Schuh, and Schwartz, Eremophila sturtii R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. NSW staff NSW666375, 1♂ (00391089) (AM), 31♂ (00099190– 0 0 0 99201, 0 0 0 99250–0 0 0 99263, 0 0 412295, 0 0 0 97188, 0 0 0 99270, 0 0 0 99271, 00413023), 46♀ (00099205–0 0 0 99227, 0 0 0 99237, 0 0 0 99238, 0 0 0 99249, 0 0 0 99272–0 0 0 99287, 0 0 0 99289, 0 0 0 97189, 0 0 0 99295, 00099296) (AMNH), 1♂ (00099204), 2♀ (00099233, 00099234) (ANIC), 1♂ (00099203), 2♀ (00099231, 00099232) (CNC), 6♂ (00099264–00099269), 6♀ (00099288, 0 0 0 99290– 00099294) (SAMA), 2♀ (00099235, 00099236), 1♂ (00412294) (USNM), 1♂ (00099202), 2♀ (00099228, 00099229) (ZISP). 49.5 km NE of Wooltana Homestead, 30.13754°S 139.7834°E, 150 m, 0 6 Nov 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Eremophila sturtii R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. Royal Bot Gard. NSW NSW427516, 8♂ (00388780–0 0 388784, 0 0 0 87384, 0 0 0 87563, 00414413), 18♀ (00388789–0 0 388805, 00087385) (AM), 7♂ (00130441, 0 0 130443–0 0 130447, 00130442), 8♀ (00130448, 0 0 130449, 0 0 130451– 0 0 130455, 00130450) (AMNH). 72 km N of Yunta, Nillinghoo Creek, 32.00924°S 139.4523°E, 194 m, 0 9 Nov 2001, Cassis, Schuh, and Schwartz, Eremophila sturtii R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae) , 6♂ (00099301–0 0 0 99305, 00413027), 12♀ (00099306– 00099317) (AMNH). Western Australia: 31.7 km W of Agnew toward Sandstone, 27.96227°S 120.4277°E, 800 m, 26 Oct 1996, Schuh and Cassis, Eremophila platythamnos Diels platythamnos (Scrophulariaceae) , det. PERTH staff PERTH 0 5054664, 1♂ (00129855), 4♀ (00129856– 00129859) (AMNH). ca 35 km S of Menzies, 29.96214°S 121.1323°E, 600 m, 24 Oct 1996, Schuh and Cassis, Eremophila platythamnos Diels platythamnos (Scrophulariaceae) , det. PERTH staff PERTH 0 5054796, 2♂ (00389191, 00389192), 5♀ (00389193–00389197) (AM), 1♂ (00413058) (AMNH).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: 9.6 km W of Mitchell, 26.49202°S 147.8728°E, 430 m, 31 Oct 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Eremophila mitchellii Benth. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. Royal Bot Gard. NSW NSW427506, 2 nymphs (00414658, 00414659) (AM). South Australia: 49.5 km NE of Wooltana Homestead, 30.13754°S 139.7834°E, 150 m, 0 6 Nov 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Eremophila sturtii R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae) , det. Royal Bot Gard. NSW NSW427516, 4 nymphs (00388785–00388788) (AM).