Martarega gonostyla Truxal, 1949

Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, 2012, A synopsis of Martarega White, 1879 (Insecta: Heteroptera: Notonectidae) occurring in the Brazilian Amazonia, with descriptions of three new species, Journal of Natural History 46 (17 - 18), pp. 1025-1057 : 1044-1045

Martarega gonostyla Truxal, 1949

( Figures 8A–E , 14A)

Martarega gonostyla Truxal, 1949: 12 [ Bolivia, Brazil].

Martarega gonostyla: Nieser 1968: 111 [ Suriname].

Martarega gonostyla: Nieser 1970: 72 [ Brazil, Suriname].

Martarega gonostyla: Nieser 1975: 200 [ Suriname].

Martarega gonostyla: Fittkau 1977: 16 [ Brazil].

Martarega gonostyla: Heckman 1998a: 254 [ Brazil].

Martarega gonostyla: Heckman 1998b: 39 [ Brazil].

Martarega gonostyla: Heckman 2011: 490 [South America].

Based on current records, M. gonostyla has a roughly northern to central-western South American distribution, being the southernmost record of this species found in Mato Grosso State (Figure 14A). This species and M. williamsi are very similar in hemelytral appearance, both having stripes along the costal region of hemelytra and small groups of short bristles distributed throughout mesotrochanter. Specimens of M. gonostyla have an enlarged and dark single stripe extending onto the costal margin of hemelytra ( Figure 8A,B ), whereas in M. williamsi the hemelytra bear two stripes ( Figure 9A ). Another useful character for separation lies in the outer lateral margin of male mesotrochanters, which on M. gonostyla bears three or more small groups of short bristles ( Figure 8C ).

Martarega gonostyla macropterous forms present brown hemelytra with hyaline stripes, resembling those stripe shapes of macropterous form of M. uruguayensis . Its males may be readily differentiated from other male members of M. gonostyla by the presence of only one group of short bristles on the ventral surface of their mesotrochanters ( Figure 10D ). Rather than possessing an emargination at the base of the hind femora as seen in M. uruguayensis , female specimens of M. gonostyla bear instead hind femora with continuous margins.

Material examined

Brazil, State of Amazonas, Barcelos Municipality, Serra do Aracá, Igarapé Cobra, camp, 136 m a.s.l. [0.87360 ◦ N, 63.45532 ◦ W], 23.VII.2009, (J.L. Nessimian), J.F. Barbosa det.: 4 m and 3 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); Igarapé da Anta, near the camp, 1133 m a.s.l. [0.91075 ◦ N, 63.43186 ◦ W], 26.VII.2009, (J.L. Nessimian, U.G. Neiss and J.O. Silva): 2 f, brachypterous (INPA); Igarapé da Anta, pool [0.90844 ◦ N, 63.44009 ◦ W], 1116 m a.s.l., 28.VII.2009, (J.L. Nessimian, U.G. Neiss and J.O. Silva): 1 m, brachypterous (INPA); 31.VII.2009, (N. Ferreira Jr): 5 m and 2 f, brachypterous (INPA); Serra do Aracá, pond, 1112 m a.s.l. [0.90380 ◦ N, 63.43366 ◦ W], 27.VII.2009, (J.O. Silva): 1 m, brachypterous (INPA); Serra do Aracá, igarapé [1st order], 1110 m a.s.l. [0.90612 ◦ N, 63.45923 ◦ W], 01.VIII.2009, (N. Ferreira Jr): 6 m and 2 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); Manacapuru Municipality, Road AM 352, Branch km 66 (km 33 of Manacapuru), Nova Esperança Community, Seu Capitão Station, igarapé [black water] [3.04078 ◦ S, 60.77531 ◦ W], 03.IX.2008, (U.G. Neiss, R.L. Ferreira Keppler, J.F. Barbosa, F.F.F. Moreira and A. Fernandes): 9 m and 8 f, brachypterous, 1 f, macropterous (DZRJ); Road AM 352, Branch km 66 [km 33 of Manacapuru], Nova Esperança Community, Pais e Filhos Station, 4th igarapé, [black water] [3.04484 ◦ S, 60.76988 ◦ W], 05.IX.2008: 5 m and 3 f, brachypterous (INPA); Road AM 352, Ramal km 66 [km 33 of Manacapuru], Nova Esperança Community, 8 km inside bend to right at Motos Branch, igarapé [at bridge, black water] [3.03646 ◦ S, 60.64462 ◦ W], 06.IX.2008: 1 f, brachypterous (INPA); Road AM 352, Station / bathhouse km 90 [km 08 of Manacapuru], “Sossego do Vovô”, small Igarapé [white water] [3.20639 ◦ S, 60.6725 ◦ W], 08.IX.2008: 2 m and 5 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); Presidente Figueiredo Municipality, Road AM 240, km 13, Branch, Station of Maroca, igarapé to the left of Maroca rapids [2.01547 ◦ S, 59.85905 ◦ W], 18.IV.2008, (N. Hamada, C. Azevedo, A. Pes, C. Menses and U.G. Neiss): 3 f, brachypterous (INPA); Road AM 240, km 13, Igarapé da Esquerda [black water] [2.0155 ◦ S, 59.85916 ◦ W], 18.X.2008: 7 m and 7 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); Road AM 240, km 13, Branch, Station of Maroca, igarapé to the right of Maroca rapids [2.01511 ◦ S, 59.85955 ◦ W], 23.IV.2008: 1 m, brachypterous (INPA); Road AM 240, km 13, Branch, Station of Maroca, Igarapé da Direita [black water], 17.X.2008: 2 m and 1 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); Road AM 240, km 13, Branch of Maroca rapids, Sr. Clóvis’s Station. km-2,1st igarapé [2.03336 ◦ S, 59.86252 ◦ W], 19.IV.2008: 2 m and 2 f, brachypterous (INPA); Road AM 240, km 21, Station of Corredeira Santo Amaro, igarapé [2.03894 ◦ S, 59.84466 ◦ W], 20.IV.2008: 1 m and 2 f, brachypterous (INPA); [2.03928 ◦ S, 59.01219 ◦ W], 16.X.2008: 1 f, brachypterous (INPA); Urubuí Branch, Vivenda Fênix Station, igarapé tributary of the larger [2.04894 ◦ S, 60.10242 ◦ W], 23.IV.2008: 1 m and 3 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); [2.04875 ◦ S, 60.10292 ◦ W], 19.X.2008: 1 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); Urubuí Branch – Marupiara Station, igarapé [2.05480 ◦ S, 60.10544 ◦ W], 22.X.2008: 1 m and 2 f, brachypterous (INPA); Road AM 240-km 24, branch that leads to the Seu José’s Station, igarapé [black water] [2.01805 ◦ S, 59.8238 ◦ W], 16.X.2008, (A. Fernandes, V.B. Pinto, P.V. Cruz and N. Ferreira Jr): 1 m and 1 f, brachypterous (INPA); igarapé of Clemilton’s Station [2.06094 ◦ S, 59.85247 ◦ W], 21.X.2008: 1 f, brachypterous (INPA); Manaus Municipality, 19.V.1982, (L.R. La Torre): 1 m, macropterous (INPA); Road of Aleixo, km 7, 26.III.1976, (B. Mascarenhas): 1 m, macropterous (INPA); RFAD, 12.V.1977, (Paraluppi): 1 f, brachypterous (INPA); Road AM 010, km 26, RFAD, igarapé on the trail to the left of the tower, Igarapé Acará (Ig. 22) [2.93803 ◦ S, 59.95245 ◦ W], 15.V.2008, (N. Hamada, C. A. S. Azevedo, J. O. Silva, C. Menses, U. G. Neiss): 1 m, macropterous and 2 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); RFAD, igarapé tributary of Acará [2.95205 ◦ S, 59.95766 ◦ W], 15.V.2008: 1 m, macropterous and 1 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); RFAD, Igarapé Bolívia 13 [2.98744 ◦ S, 59.94641 ◦ W], 26.V.2008: 1 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); Igarapé Bolívia 12 [2.98736 ◦ S, 59.94181 ◦ W]: 11 m and 9 f, brachypterous (INPA); Road BR 174, km 56, ZF2, sede, branch, km 38, trail of tower, 1st igarapé [the smaller] [2.59747 ◦ S, 60.21525 ◦ W], 22.V.2008: 6 m and 1 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); ZF2, sede, trail of tower, 2nd igarapé [at bridge] [2.59925 ◦ S, 60.217 ◦ W], 25.V.2008: 4 m and 2 f, brachypterous, and 1 m, macropterous (INPA); Road BR 174, km 25, Quinta da Boa Esperança Branch, Station 6 km inside, igarapé behind the station [2.74519 ◦ S, 60.00016 ◦ W], 27.V.2008: 5 m and 1 f, brachypterous, 2 m and 3 f, macropterous (INPA); igarapé on the campus of UFAM, trail near the restaurant (R.U.) [2.59738 ◦ S, 60.21525 ◦ W], 23.V.2008: 1 m and 3 f, brachypterous (DZRJ); PDBFF, ZF3, km 23, Esteio Farm / Cabo Frio, igarapé [Urubu River], continuous forest, 23.X.2003, (J.L. Nessimian): 1 m and 1 f, brachypterous (INPA). State of Pará, Oriximiná Municipality, above Cachoeira Porteira, Trombetas River, Estirão da Fumaça, Igarapé da Praia [0.273 ◦ S, 56.788 ◦ W], 14.X.1985, (V. Py- Daniel and U.C. Barbosa): 8 m and 7 f, brachypterous (INPA); above Cachoeira Porteira, Cachoeira Alta (São Pedro), Cachorro River (tributary of Trombetas River) [0.99 ◦ S, 57.05 ◦ W], 16.XI.1985, (V. Py-Daniel): 2 m and 2 f, brachypterous (INPA); Parauapebas Municipality, FLONA de Carajás, Serra Norte, N1, water pump [6.02 ◦ S, 50.29 ◦ W], 29.VI.1985, (M. Zanuto): 1 m and 2 f, brachypterous (MPEG); Serra Norte, N1, Pojuca [5.494 ◦ S, 50.419 ◦ W], 27.X.1983, (M. Zanuto): 1 m, brachypterous (MPEG); Serra Norte, N1, Falls [6.02 ◦ S, 50.29 ◦ W], 11.IX.1983, (R.B. Neto): 2 f, brachypterous (MPEG); 11.IX.1983, (M.F. Torres): 2 m, brachypterous (MPEG); FLONA de Carajás, Estrada Caldeirão, Ne (?) km 23 [6 ◦ S, 50 ◦ W], 26.IV.1983, (B. Mascarenhas and team): 1 f, brachypterous (MPEG); FLONA de Carajás, Igarapé do Fofoca 1 [6 ◦ S, 50 ◦ W], 18.IV.1983, (B. Mascarenhas and team): 1 m and 1 f, brachypterous (MPEG); Abaetetuba Municipality, Igarapé Ipixuna [1.7 ◦ S, 48.8 ◦ W], 09.VIII.1988, (E. Silva): 1 m and 1 f, brachypterous (MPEG); Igarapé Tijucaguara (?): 2 m, brachypterous (MPEG); Igarapé Tijucaguara (?), 09.VIII.1988, (R. Lima), 2 m and 1 f, brachypterous (MPEG); Benevides Municipality, Road PA 404, km 06 [1.356 ◦ S, 48.29 ◦ W], 10.XII.1983, (W. dos Santos): 1 f, brachypterous (MPEG); Vigia Municipality, 22.VIII–IX.1991, (B. Mascarenhas): 1 m, brachypterous (MPEG); Maracanã Municipality, Estrada Tatuteua, km 10, 07.IX.1987, (E. Silva): 1 m, brachypterous (MPEG); Irituia Municipality, Igarapé Santa g[?]anete, 20.X.1987, (J. Dias): 1 f, brachypterous (MPEG); Primavera Municipality, Inajá, Igarapé do Açaí II [0.9 ◦ S, 47.1 ◦ W], 05.IX.1987, (S. Bahia): 1 m and 1 f, macropterous, and 1 f, brachypterous (MPEG); (B. Mascarenhas): 3 m, macropterous (MPEG). State of Rondônia, Ariquemes Municipality, BR 421, Igarapé Boa Vista [9.970 ◦ S, 63.132 ◦ W], 31.VII.1981, (V. Py-Daniel): 1 m, brachypterous (INPA); Formoso River (tributary of Jaciparaná River) [10.388 ◦ S, 64.617 ◦ W], igarapé, 12.VIII.1985, (V. Py-Daniel and L.S. Aquino): 2 m and 1 f, macropterous (INPA); Candeias River [tributary of Jamari River], Travessia Ponte / Pau [10.611 ◦ S, 63.728 ◦ W], 07.VIII.1985, (V. Py-Daniel and L.S. Aquino), 1 m, brachypterous (INPA); “Seu Adelmar” [10.611 ◦ S, 63.728 ◦ W], 07.VIII.1985: 1 f, macropterous (INPA); Igarapé Pé da Serra [10.611 ◦ S, 63.728 ◦ W], 03–04.VIII.1985, (V. Py-Daniel): 2 m and 1 f, brachypterous (INPA).

Figures

Figures 5–8. Martarega species occurring in Brazilian Amazonia. Figure 5. Martarega chinai Hynes, 1948. (A) Male hemelytra (lateral view); (B) female hemelytra (lateral view); (C) male mesotrochanter with one group of short bristles at ventral surface; (D) male genitalia capsule

Figures 9–12. Martarega species occurring in Brazilian Amazonia. Figure 9. Martarega williamsi Truxal, 1949. (A) Male hemelytra (lateral view); (B) male genital capsule (lateral view) showing right clasper; (C) male genital capsule (lateral view) showing left clasper. Figure 10. Martarega uruguayensis (Berg, 1883). (A) Male hemelytra (lateral view); (B) female hemelytra (lateral view); (C) male forefemur with a spine at lateral median length; (D) male mesotrochanter