Apertochrysa sp. 4

Hassan, Muhammad Asghar & Liu, Xingyue, 2022, The green lacewings of Pakistan (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): a faunal review with new records of genera and species, Zootaxa 5180 (1), pp. 1-83 : 32-33

Apertochrysa sp. 4

( Figs 21–23 , 55 )

Diagnosis and notes

Apertochrysa sp. 4 is almost identical to Apertochrysa sp. 5 in external body characters and the shape of female genitalia (males unknown). However, it can be distinguished by the long dark brown setae on pronotum ( Fig. 22D ) and the feebly curved pretarsal claws ( Fig. 22C ), while in Apertochrysa sp. 5 , the pronotum is covered with pale yellow setae and pretarsal claws are distinctly curved ( Figs 25C, E ).

Description

Measurements (♀ n=1). Forewing: length 11.0 mm, width 3.5 mm; hindwing: length 10.0 mm, width 3.0 mm; body length: 7.8 mm.

Head ( Figs 22A–B, D ). Vertex moderately raised, with four dark pink spots in dorsal view. Frons with a crescentic pink stripe above tentorial pits. Interantennal marking dark pink. Clypeus with lateral dark pink stripes. Labrum with lateral dark stripes. Genae with a broad median transverse dark brown spot. Maxillary palpi dark brown, pale yellow at both ends, covered with short yellow setae. Labial palpi pale yellow, terminal segment with a median dark brown spot, pointed at apex, covered with short yellow setae. Antennae shorter than forewing, pale yellow, unmarked; scape laterally with a narrow longitudinal dark pink stripe; pedicel dark pink stripe on subdistal margin; covered with short pale setae.

Thorax ( Fig. 22D ). Pronotum slightly wider than long (length 0.58 mm, width 0.92 mm), sublateral margins with a dark pink stripe, anterolaterally at proximal 1/3 with a dark brown spot, covered with black setae; lateral margins with two dark brown spots, one at proximal and second at distal margin in lateral view; covered with yellow setae. Mesonotum with sublateral margins with a narrow dark pink stripe, anterior- and posterolateral margins with a dark brown spot; prescutum with lateral margins dark brown, sparsely covered with yellow setae; mesoscutum sublaterally with a narrow dark pink spot. Metanotum sublaterally with a narrow dark pink stripe; metascutum posterolaterally with dark spots.

Legs ( Fig. 22E ). Pale unmarked, covered with short pale setae. Pretarsal claws simple, quadrate at base ( Fig. 22C ).

Wings ( Fig. 21 ). Forewing: Costal area relatively narrow, slightly wider at the longest subcostal veinlets (5–9). Longitudinal veins pale. Subcostal veinlets (cv) dark brown, except 2–12 veinlets with a median yellow band. Subcostal area with a dark basal subcostal crossvein (bsx), while crossveins below pterostigma brownish yellow. Pterostigma slightly pale. 11 radial cells; radial crossveins straight, dark, except proximal five veinlets with a median yellow band. Branches of Rs pale, proximal third and fourth branches, and marginal forks dark brown. 10 radial cells; four Banksian cells (b cell), four lower Banksian cells (b’ cell). Two series of gradates, dark brown; four inner gradates (ig) and six outer (og) gradates. Basal crossvein between Rs and M (r-m) meets at subdistal margin of im cell. Median arculus (m-cu2) dark brown. Pseudomedia (Psm) pale yellow, branches dark brown. Pseudocubitus (Psc) pale yellow, branches dark branches with a median yellow band. Anal veins pale yellow, distal branches dark brown. Two intramedian cells; first intramedian cell (im1) ovate. Second median cell (m2) slightly shorter than third median cell (m3). Three intracubital cells (two closed); first intracubital cell (icu1) slightly shorter than second intracubital cell (icu2). Third intracubital cell (icu3) with an indistinct dark spot at proximal margin. Hindwing: Costal area narrow. Longitudinal veins pale. Subcostal veinlets dark brown. Subcostal area with three brownish crossveins below pterostigma. Pterostigma slightly pale. Four b cells (including the small basal cell); four b’ cells. Nine radial cells; radial crossveins dark, except proximal third and fourth veinlets with a median yellow band. Branches of Rs pale, except proximal margin, and the first crossvein dark brown; second to fourth proximal crossveins with a median yellow band. Two series of gradates; three inner gradates; five outer gradates; dark brown. Radial crossveins dark brown, proximal two veinlets with a median yellow band. Branches of Rs pale, proximally dark brown. Psm, Psc, cubital and anal veins pale. Pseudomedia (Psm) pale yellow, branches dark brown with a median yellow band. Pseudocubitus (Psc) and branches pale yellow, except proximal margin dark brown.Anal veins pale yellow.

Abdomen ( Figs 22D–E ). Tergum pale yellow, dark pink stripes at lateral margins, covered with short yellow setae. Sternum pale yellow, covered with short yellow setae.

Female genitalia ( Figs 23A–F ). Tergum 8 (T8) (T8) subtrapezoidal in lateral view. Tergite 9+ectoproct (T9+e) quadrate in lateral view. Sternum 7 (S7) quadrate in ventral view. Callus cerci (cc) oval, with ~27 short trichobothria. Gonaphophyses lateralis (gl) rounded in lateral view. Subgenitale (sg) long, bilobed distally. Spermatheca (sm) small, doughnut-shaped, with a distinct median rounded invagination (inv) in ventral view. Spermathecal velum (vel) elongated, bilobed distally in ventral view. Spermathecal duct (sd) long, cylindrical, attached to bursa copulatrix (bc).

Figures

FIGURE 21. Apertochrysa sp. 4. Female. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 22. Apertochrysa sp. 4. Female. A. Head frontal view; B. Head and pronotum, lateral view; C. Hind pretarsal claw; D. Dorsal habitus; E. Lateral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–B), 1.0 mm (D–E).

FIGURE 23. Apertochrysa sp. 4. A. Female genitalia, lateral view; B. Same, ventral view. C–E. Spermatheca; F. Subgenitale, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–B). Abbreviations: cc = callus cerci; gl = gonaphophyses lateralis; inv = invagination; S = sternum; pr = ventrally projecting process on neck of subgenitale; sd = spermathecal duct; sg = subgenitale; sm = spermatheca; T = tergum; T9+ect = fused ninth tergum and ectoproct; vel = spermathecal velum.

FIGURE 25. Apertochrysa sp. 5. Female. A. Head, frontal view; B. Head and pronotum, lateral view; C. Dorsal habitus; D. Lateral habitus; E. Hind pretarsal claw. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–B), 1.0 mm (C–D).

FIGURE 55. Distribution map of the Apertochrysa species from Pakistan.