Syzeton pallidus ( Werner, 1990 ) Gompel, 2022

Gompel, Nicolas, 2022, The genus Syzeton Blackburn, 1891 (Coleoptera, Aderidae) in the United States of America, Zootaxa 5162 (3), pp. 243-267 : 259-261

Syzeton pallidus ( Werner, 1990) , comb. nov.

( Figures 1g –i , 2i ; 3i ; 4e ; 5i, n )

Zonantes pallidus Werner, 1990: 221 ;

Holotype: Oklahoma: Latimer Co., 5 mi W Red Oak ( USNM) ( Werner, 1990)

Material examined. United States. Florida: Alachua County, Orange Heights , (50 m) [29°43’ N 82°08’ W],. VII.1983, sticky wire trap, M. J. Plagens leg. (1 ♂, FSCA) . Georgia: Fulton County, College Park [33°39’ N 84°26’ W], 1.X.1977, A. R. Gillogly leg. (1 ♀, TAMU) . Missouri: Benton County, Warsaw [38°14’ N 93°22’ W], 5.VIII.1971, ultraviolet light, G. H. Nelson leg. (1 ♀, FSCA) ; Greene County, 10 mi. E Springfield [37°12’ N 93°17’ W], 23.VIII.1984, R. Haswell leg. (1 sp., TAMU) . New Hampshire: Strafford County, Durham , 1 mi. SW Durham, (20 m) [43°08’ N 70°57’00” W], 26.V.1987, Flight intercept trap, D.S. Chandler leg. (3 ♀♀, UNHC) ; Strafford County, Durham , 1 mi. SW Durham, (20 m) [43°08’ N 70°57’00” W], 10.VI.1987, Flight intercept trap, D.S. Chandler leg. (2 ♀♀, UNHC) . New York State: Madison County, Georgetown, Muller Hill , 100 Acre Evans camp, (610 m) [42°46’ N 75°46’ W], Barrier trap at top of Vista Meadow, 10.VI.2002, M. H. Evans leg. (1 ♀, WIRC) . Oklahoma: Grady County, Tuttle [35°18’ N 97°45’ W], Blacklight trap, 29.IV.2004, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 20.V.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀, UNHC) , 11.VII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) ; Grady County, Tuttle [35°18’ N 97°45’ W], UV light traps, 11.VII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 13.VII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 14.VII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 15.VII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀, UNHC) , 2.VIII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, UNHC) , 6.VIII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀, UNHC) , 8.VIII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, UNHC) , 9.VIII.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (3 ♂♂, UNHC) , 9.IX.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀, UNHC) , 17.IX.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀, UNHC) , 21.IX.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 22.V.2006, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 29.VI.2006, B. Baldwin leg. (3 ♂♂, UNHC) , 30.VI.2006, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 1.VII.2006, B. Baldwin leg. (3 ♀♀ and 1 ♂, UNHC) , 2.VII.2006, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 3.VII.2006, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♀, UNHC) ; Grady County, Tuttle [35°18’ N 97°45’ W], Malaise trap, 9.V.2006, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) ; Grady County, Tuttle [35°18’ N 97°45’ W], Lindgren traps, 2.V.2007, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) . Grady County, Tuttle, Silver Ridge Drive , (390 m) [35°19’ N 97°44’ W], Blacklight trap, 19.V.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (2 ♀♀ and 3 ♂♂, UNHC) , 20.V.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) , 7.VI.2005, B. Baldwin leg. (1 ♂, UNHC) ; Latimer County [34°50’ N 95°18’ W], UV,. VIII.1998, K. Stephan leg. (2 sp., TAMU) . Texas: Bastrop County, Bastrop State Park , (150 m) [30°06’ N 97°17’ W], 2.IV.1990, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, ERPC) ; Bastrop County, Bastrop State Park, (150 m) [30°06’ N 97°17’ W], UV light, 7.IV.2000, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Bell County, 1 km W Youngsport, Bowmer Rch., Lampasas River , (200 m) [30°57’43” N 97°43’45” W], Flight intercept trap, 21.IV.2010, Robbins T. leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Brazos County, 5 km SW Wellborn , (80 m) [30°30’ N 96°20’ W], at lights, 6.VIII.2016, V. Belov leg. (1 ♂, VBPC) , 17.IX.2016, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC) , 5.X.2016, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC) , 28.X.2016, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC) , 26.V.2017, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC) , 6.IV.2020, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC) , 7.IV.2020, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC) , 2.X.2020, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC) ; Brazos County, 5 km SW Wellborn , (80 m) [30°30’ N 96°20’ W], found dead,. IX.2016, V. Belov leg. (1 ♂, VBPC) ; Brazos County, Bryan [30°40’ N 96°22’ W], taken at light, 10.VI.1970, J. C. Schaffner leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Brazos County, College Station, Riley Estate , (80 m) [30°35’ N 96°15’ W], UV, 14.IX.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Burnet County, Ca. 8 mi. WNW Burnet, Reveille Peak Ranch , (300 m) [30°47’22” N 98°21’18” W], UV light, 17.VII.2003, J. D. Oswald leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Edwards County, 24 mi. S Junction Hwy. 377, (600 m) [30°15’ N 99°57’ W], UV light, 10.IV.2002, E. G. Riley & M. J. Yoder leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Hays County, 6 mi. NW Dripping Springs , (400 m) [30°13’ N 98°11’ W], Juniperus unmanaged plot, Flight intercept trap, 27.IV.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU) , 2.VI.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU) , 1.IX.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Jeff Davis County, Davis Mounts Resort, Marqua Residence , (1770 m) [30°37’42” N 104°05’01” W], UV, 5.VII.2009, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♂, ERPC) ; Jeff Davis County, Davis Mounts State Park [30°37’ N 104°05’ W], UV, 24.VI.1994, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♂, ERPC) ; Kerr County, 6.5 mi. SW Hunt , (580 m) [29°59’ N 99°23’ W], Upland deciduous forest, Lindgren funnel trap, 12.X.2005, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀, TAMU) ; Kerr County, 6.5 mi. SW Hunt , (580 m) [29°59’ N 99°23’ W], Upland deciduous forest, Pitfall trap, 27.IV.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀, TAMU) ; Kerr County, 6.5 mi. SW Hunt , (580 m) [29°59’ N 99°23’ W], Upland deciduous forest, Lindgren funnel trap, 30.IV.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀, TAMU) , 27.VII.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, TAMU) ; Lamar County, Lake Gibbons, Prairie area [33°42’ N 95°39’ W], Sweep native prairie, 9.IV.2015, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀, ERPC) ; San Patricio County, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Headquarters , (10 m) [28°06’45” N 97°25’02” W], UV light, 1.XI.2013, E. G. Riley & M. A. Quinn leg. (1 sp., TAMU) ; Travis County, vic. Long Hollow Creek , (280 m) [30°27’ N 97°52’ W], On Quercus virginiana , 2.IV.1990, Quinn M. leg. (1 ♂, ERPC) ; Wise County, Black Creek Reservoir, (300 m) [33°20’ N 97°35’ W], Dry oak savannah, UV sheet, Woodland with scattered red cedar, 15.IX.2009, J. P. Gruber leg. (7 ♀♀ and 3 ♂♂, WIRC) ; Wise County, Black Creek Reservoir, (300 m) [33°20’ N 97°35’ W], Dry oak savannah-woodland, Beaten from branches, morning, 16.IX.2009, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♀♀ and 3 ♂♂, NGPC) . Wisconsin: Dane County [43°08’ N 89°30’ W], 10.V.1900, W. S. Marshall leg. (1 ♀, WIRC) ; Iron County, Frog Lake and Pines State Natural Area [46°04’26” N 90°00’16” W], Northern hardwoods, By open field, Malaise trap, 14.VIII.2012, J. Janicki leg. (1 ♀, WIRC) ; Manitowoc County, Point Beach State Forest, Red Pine Trail [44°12’52” N 87°30’56” W], Mixed hardwood/coniferous forest, Beaten from branches of Quercus, Acer and Corylus , 2.IX.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♀♀ and 1 ♂, WIRC) ; Manitowoc County, Woodland Dunes State Natural Area [44°08’19” N 87°36’11” W], Mixed hardwood/coniferous forest, Beaten from interspersed branches of Acer sp. and Carya sp. , 1.IX.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, WIRC) ; Oconto County, Hwy W, 12.2 km WSW of Mountain [45°07’ N 88°36’ W], Edge of mixed hardwood/coniferous forest, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 14.VIII.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (5 ♀♀ and 4 ♂♂, WIRC; 3 ♀♀ and 4 ♂♂, NGPC) ; Sheboygan County, Kohler-Andrae State Park, Woodland Dunes Nature Trail [43°39’07” N 87°43’38” W], Mixed hardwood/coniferous forest, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 13.VIII.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (23 ♀♀ and 9 ♂♂, WIRC; 1 ♂ and 8 sp., NGPC), 21.VIII.2013, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC) .

Distribution. United States: Eastern Oklahoma and Texas to Florida, north to Ontario and Quebec ( Werner, 1990).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Morphological characteristics of the genus Syzeton Blackburn, 1991. a, uniseriate elytral pubescence (example, Syzeton nubifer (LeConte, 1878)). b, bean-shaped transversal head in dorsal view (example Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990)). c, pronotum shape in dorsal view, with anterior margin made of segments converging toward head in an obtuse angle (example Syzeton floridanus (Werner, 1990)). d, pedicel (antennomere 2) shorter than antennomere 3 (examples, left, Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) and right, Syzeton nubifer (LeConte, 1878)). e, last abdominal ventrite of ♀ with a medial pit (ex- ample Syzeton fasciatus (Melsheimer 1846)). f, enlargement of framed region in panel e, arrow pointing to pit. g, right midtarsus with arrowheads pointing to ventral brush (example Syzeton pallidus (Werner, 1990)). h, right hind femora in ventral view, white frame centered on excavation (example Syzeton pallidus (Werner, 1990)). i, enlargement of framed region in panel h, arrow pointing to excavation. scale bars: 100 µm.

FIGURE 2. Habitus of US Syzeton species. a, Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. b, S. fasciatus (Melsheimer 1846) ♂ from Wisconsin. c, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895) ♂ from Oklahoma. d, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878) ♂ from Texas. e, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♂ from Arkansas. f, S. gruberi n. sp. ♂ paratype from Arizona. g, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. h, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. i, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. j, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Missouri. k, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. l, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina. m, S. ouachitanus (Werner, 1990), elytral variation. n, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895), elytral variations, the white lines delinate a ~20º angle between the inner oblique markings. o, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878), elytral variations, the white lines delinate a ~30–40º angle between the inner oblique markings. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 3. ♂ genitalia of US Syzeton species in ventral view (left on all panels) and lateral view (right on all panels, ventral facing to the left). a, Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. b, S. fasciatus (Melsheimer 1846) ♂ from Wisconsin. c, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895) ♂ from Oklahoma. d, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878) ♂ from Texas. e, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♂ from Texas. f, S. gruberi n. sp. ♂ paratype from Arizona. g, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. h, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. i, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. j, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Missouri. k, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. l, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina. Note the presence of air bubbles in some of the genitalia presented here. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4. Heads of US Syzeton species. a–c and e–g, ♂ heads in frontal view. a, Syzeton arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. b, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. c, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. d, Syzeton pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. e, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina. f, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Mis- souri. Note the difference in interocular space denoted by white double arrows for each species. d and h, ♀ heads in side view. d, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♀ from Texas. h, S. ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♀ from Mississippi (paratype of Zonantes mississippiensis Werner, 1990). Note the difference in eye size, best seen when comparing the distance from the antennal notch to the edge of the eye, or the space separating the eye from the posterior head margin (white double arrows). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 5. External morphology of US Syzeton species. a–l, ♂ right foretibia in upper view. a, Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. b, S. fasciatus (Melsheimer 1846) ♂ from Wisconsin. c, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895) ♂ from Oklahoma. d, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878) ♂ from Texas. e, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♂ from Texas. f, S. gruberi n. sp. ♂ paratype from Arizona. g, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. h, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. i, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. j, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Missouri. k, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. l, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina.Arrowheads indicate kinks or other modification of the inner side of the tibias; double black arrow denotes the curve of the tibia. m–n, ♀ antennae with details of antennomere 6–8 (inset). m, S. belovi n. sp. ♀ paratype from Texas. n, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♀ from Texas. o, left hind-leg of S. fasciastus (from Wisconsin) in ventral view (arrow indicates the inflated femur). p–q, pubescence on elytral disc. p, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. q, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.