Syzeton subfasciatus (LeConte, 1875) Gompel, 2022

Gompel, Nicolas, 2022, The genus Syzeton Blackburn, 1891 (Coleoptera, Aderidae) in the United States of America, Zootaxa 5162 (3), pp. 243-267 : 261-263

Syzeton subfasciatus (LeConte, 1875) , comb. nov.

( Figures 2j ; 3j ; 4g ; 5j )

Xylophilus subfasciatus LeConte, 1875: 176 ;

Lectotype: “ Middle States ” ( MCZC) ( Werner, 1990)

Zonantes subfasciatus (LeConte, 1875) : Werner (1990)

Note. The MCZC hosts a male of Syzeton subfasciatus (LeConte, 1875) labeled “ ♂ / Type 4886 / X. quercicola Schwarz / NOT= quercicola F Werner ‘90” and misidentified as Xylophilus quercicola Schwarz, 1878 (photos from this specimen are available from MCZBase: The Database of the Zoological Collections (https://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu)). The male lectotype of Xylophilus quercicola Schwarz, 1878 , now Ariotus quercicola (Schwarz, 1878) is kept at the USMN ( Werner, 1990). Schwarz ‘s original description (Schwarz, 1878) leaves no doubt that the MCZC specimen is not Ariotus quercicola (Schwarz, 1878) and was mistakenly assigned to this taxon. It should not be considered part of the type material of Xylophilus quercicola Schwarz, 1878 .

Material examined. United States. Alabama: Blount County, Highland Lake, (280 m) [33°53’ N 86°25’ W], light trap, 21.VIII.2012, T. King leg. (1 ♀ and 2 ♂♂, FSCA); Blount County, Highland Lake, (280 m) [33°53’ N 86°25’ W], light trap, 21.VIII.2013, T. King leg. (2 ♀ and 4 ♂♂, FSCA); Covington County, Solon Dixon Forestry Education Center, (80 m) [31°08’ N 86°41’ W], 5.II.2003, C. W. O’Brien leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Dale County, Fort Rucker Military Resort, (110 m) [31°19’ N 85°43’ W], leaf litter, 31.III.1993, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Dale County, Fort Rucker Military Resort, (110 m) [31°19’ N 85°43’ W], Berlese beech litter, 27.X.2001, O’Brien C. leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Dale County, Fort Rucker Military Resort, (110 m) [31°19’ N 85°43’ W], leaf litter, 8.V.2016, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], 30.VII.2014, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], black light trap, 19.VIII.2014, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], black light trap, 19.VIII.2014, R. Turnbow leg. (3 ♂♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], black light trap, 8.IV.2015, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], black light trap, 13.IV.2015, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], black light trap, 30.VI.2015, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], 3.VIII.2015, R. Turnbow leg. (4 ♀♀, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], 10.VIII.2015, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], 17.III.2016, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], flight intercept trap, 22.IV.2016, R. Turnbow leg. (2 ♂♂, FSCA); Dale County, Level Plains [31°17’ N 85°46’ W], 18.IV.2018, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♀, FSCA). Arkansas: Prairie County, Wattensaw Wildlife Management Area, 9.6 km NNE of Hazen [34°51’39” N 91°32’35” W], Forest/oldfield, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 22.VIII.2010, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♂♂, WIRC); Sharp County, Harold E. Alexander WMA [36°12’28” N 91°26’34” W], Mixed hardwood forest, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 22.VIII.2010, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♀♀, WIRC). Florida: Alachua County, Gainesville [29°39’ N 82°19’ W], sticky wire trap,. VII.1984, M. J. Plagens leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); San Felasco Hammock Preserve State [29°42’ N 82°27’ W], 13.III.1985, M. C. Thomas leg. (2 ♂♂, FSCA); San Felasco Hammock Preserve State [29°42’ N 82°27’ W], 3.IV.1991, Mills C. W. & M. C. Thomas leg. (2 ♀♀ and 1 ♂, FSCA); Alachua County, Gainesville, S side Bivens Arm Lake, (30 m) [29°37’ N 82°20’ W], flight intercept trap, 27.III.2011, P. E. Skelley leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Alachua County, Gainesville, Hogtown Creek, (50 m) [29°39’ N 82°21’ W], light trap, 19.VI.1988, P. E. Skelley leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Jackson County, Florida Caverns State Park, (20 m) [30°48’ N 85°13’ W], black light, 1.IX.1997, J. Cicero leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Jackson County, Florida Caverns State Park, (20 m) [30°48’ N 85°13’ W], 5.V.2008, M. C. & S. Thomas leg. (2 ♀♀ and 2 ♂♂, FSCA); Liberty County, Torreya State Park, (40 m) [30°33’ N 84°56’ W], 31.III.1985, M. C. Thomas leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Liberty County, Torreya State Park, (40 m) [30°33’ N 84°56’ W], 4.VIII.1996, black light, J. Cicero leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Liberty County, Torreya State Park, (40 m) [30°33’ N 84°56’ W], 31.III.1985, M. C. Thomas leg. (3 ♀♀ and 1 ♂, FSCA); Walton County, Eglin AFB, Alaqua-Blount Creek confluence [30°37’ N 86°09’ W], beech magnolia leaf litter, 21.XI.1998, P. W. Kovarik leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Walton County, Eglin AFB, 5.1 mi. W Highway 331 on Range Road 205 [30°30’ N 86°14’ W], black light trap, 17.VI.1995, P. E. Skelley leg. (1 ♀, FSCA). Georgia: Clarke County [33°54’ N 83°16’ W], 15. IV.1992, J. Pickering leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Clarke County [33°54’ N 83°16’ W], 22.IV.1992, J. Pickering leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Clarke County [33°54’ N 83°16’ W], 3.V.1992, J. Pickering leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Clarke County [33°54’ N 83°16’ W], 12.VIII.1992, J. Pickering leg. (1 ♂, FSCA). Illinois: Jackson County, Shawnee National Forest, 7.8 km NW of Pomona [37°40’50” N 89°23’42” W], Upland hardwood forest, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 23.VIII.2010, J. P. Gruber leg. (3 ♀♀ and 2 ♂♂, WIRC); Jackson County, Shawnee National Forest, 7.8 km NW of Pomona [37°40’50” N 89°23’42” W], Upland hardwood forest, Beaten from Carya sp. sapling, 16.VII.2011, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♀♀ and 2 ♂♂, WIRC). Indiana: Montgomery County, Shades State Park [39°55’ N 87°04’ W], Mixed hardwood forest, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 24.V.2013, J. P. Gruber leg. (5 ♀♀ and 1 ♂, WIRC); Morgan County, Catholic Cemetery Road, 5 mi. south of Martinsville, (220 m) [39°21’31” N 86°24’57” W], Medium-aged oak/hickory forest, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 26.V.2013, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♀ and 4 ♂♂, WIRC). Louisiana: West Feliciana Parish, Nature Conservancy Easement, 15 mi. E of St. Francisville [30°47’40” N 91°15’15” W], Woods near pond, UV, 30.III.2015, M. H. Evans leg. (2 ♀♀, WIRC). Maryland: Prince George’s County [39°03’ N 76°47’ W], 27.IV.1992, J. Pickering leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Prince George’s County [39°03’ N 76°47’ W], 4.V.1992, J. Pickering leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Prince George’s County [39°03’ N 76°47’ W], 11.V.1992, J. Pickering leg. (1 ♂, FSCA). Mississippi: Alcorn County, Corinth [34°56’ N 88°31’ W], 25.V.2008, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♀, FSCA); Clay County, West Point [33°36’ N 88°39’ W], black light trap, 11.VI.2016, R. Turnbow leg. (1 ♂, FSCA); Lowndes County, Highway 182 at Catalpa Creek, (60 m) [33°28’ N 88°37’ W], 11.VI.2016, M. C. Thomas leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, FSCA). Missouri: Phelps County, Mark Twain National Forest, Mill Creek Recreational Area, 16.4 km WSW of Rolla [37°52’23” N 91°55’46” W], Hardwood forest, near creek, at blacklight, night, 20.VIII.2010, K. Katovich & J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC); Shannon County, Mark Twain National Forest, 8.4 km S of Birch Tree, (220 m) [36°55’01” N 91°30’33” W], Pine-oak woodland, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 23.VIII.2010, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀ and 2 ♂♂, WIRC); Taney County, Branson, 5751 State Highway, (290 m) [36°35’ N 95°18’ W], on a tree, foliage, 27.V.2018, N. Gompel leg. (1 ♂, NGPC). New Jersey: Essex County [40°44’ N 74°16’ W],..2010, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC); Essex County, Maplewood [40°44’ N 74°16’ W], Yard lights,..2013, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC). Ohio: Licking County, Blackhand Gorge State Nature Preserve, (230 m) [40°03’21” N 82°13’05” W], Under Liriodendron bark, 4.VI.1998, P. W. Kovarik leg. (1 ♂, TAMU). Oklahoma: Latimer County [34°50’ N 95°18’ W],. X.2002, K. Stephan leg. (2 sp., TAMU),. XI.2002, K. Stephan leg. (2 sp., TAMU). North Carolina : Henderson County, Fletcher [35°25’ N 82°30’ W], 17.VI.1970, L. L. Lampert leg. (1 ♀, FSCA). South Carolina : Chesterfield County, Sand Hills State Forest, 6.5 km WNW of of Patrick [34°35’ N 80°06’ W], Mixed coniferous/hardwood forest, Beaten from branches of Cornus florida L., 22.VIII.2011, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♂, NGPC); Chesterfield County, Sand Hills State Forest, 6.5 km WNW of of Patrick [34°35’ N 80°06’ W], Mixed coniferous/hardwood forest, Beaten from branches of Carya sp. , 25.VIII.2011, J. P. Gruber leg. (3 ♀♀ and 3 ♂♂, WIRC). Tennessee: Blount County, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cades Cove area, (560 m) [35°36’00” N 83°50’42” W], UV, 28.VI.2001, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU). Texas: Brazos County, San Bernard National Wildlife Refuge, Palm Unit, 5 mi. S Sweeny, (5 m) [28°58’26” N 95°40’45” W], 30.III.2007, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU); Brazos County, 5 km SW Wellborn, (80 m) [30°30’ N 96°20’ W], 18.III.2017, at lights, V. Belov leg. (1 sp., VBPC); Brazos County, College Station, Lick Creek Park, (70 m) [30°33’38” N 96°13’03” W], 21.V.2004, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU); Brazos County, College Station, Lick Creek Park (site 1), (70 m) [30°33’30” N 96°12’31” W], Bottomland forest, Berlese litter, 20.III.202, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀ and 2 ♂♂, NGPC); Cameron County, Sabal Palm Grove [25°50’ N 97°25’ W], 24.X.1992, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀, ERPC); Cameron County, Sabal Palm Grove Ref., Site 1, (8 m) [25°50’53” N 97°25’08” W], Palm forest, 16.IX.2008, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., ERPC); Cameron County, Sabal Palm Grove Ref., Site 8, (3 m) [25°51’06” N 97°25’13” W], Palm forest margin, Resaca bank, 18.X.2008, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., ERPC); Cameron County, Sabal Palm Grove Sanctuary, (5 m) [25°51’03” N 97°25’04” W], 10.X.1994, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♂, ERPC); Fort Bend County, Brazos Bend State Park, Whiteoak Trail, (15 m) [29°22’32” N 95°34’38” W], Hardwood forest, Beaten from vegetation, 18.IV.2014, J. P. Gruber leg. (7 ♂♂, WIRC; 2 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀, NGPC); Sabine County, Sabine National Forest, 9 mi. E Hemphill, Beech Bottom [31°19’ N 93°42’ W], Flight intercept trap, 16.IV.1989, R. Anderson & E. Morris leg. (2 sp, TAMU); Sabine County, Sabine National Forest, 12.6 km, ESE of Hemphill [31°16’42” N 93°44’10” W], Mixed hardwood/coniferous forest, Beaten from branches of hardwood tree, 14.III.2013, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♂, NGPC); San Jacinto County, Sam Houston National Forest, Double Lake [30°32’56” N 95°07’53” W], at light, 29.VII.1991, W. F. Chamberlain leg. (1 sp., TAMU); Tyler County, Kirby State Forest, (40 m) [30°34’ N 94°25’ W], Ground-level flight intercept trap, 27.IV.2003, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♂, ERPC), 8.VI.2003, E. G. Riley leg. (1 ♀, ERPC). Virginia: Montgomery County, Caldwell Fields, Craig Creek Road, (520 m) [37°20’14” N 80°19’35” W], taken at light, 23.V.2006, E. G. Riley leg. (1 sp., TAMU); Montgomery County, Caldwell Fields, Craig Creek Road, (520 m) [37°20’ N 80°19’ W], 24.V.2006, M. C. Thomas leg. (1 ♀, FSCA). Wisconsin: Eau Claire County, Eau Claire County Forest [44°41’ N 90°56’ W], Dry-mesic northern hardwood forest, Flight intercept trap, 3.IX.2001, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♂, WIRC); Grant County, Cassville Bluffs SNA [42°42’ N 90°56’ W], Mixed hardwood forest, Swept from foliage near path, 18.VII.2003, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 sp., NGPC); Grant County, Blue River Sand Barrens State Natural Area [43°11’32” N 90°31’49” W], Sandy oak barrens, Flight intercept trap, 9.VI.2000, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC); Grant County, Blue River Sand Barrens State Natural Area [43°11’32” N 90°31’49” W], Sandy oak barrens, Beaten from branches of Quercus sp. tree, 23.VI.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC); Green County, Gasner Hollow Prairie SNA, (290 m) [42°55’ N 91°07’ W], Prairie/savanna, Swept from foliage near path, 29.VI.2003, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 sp., NGPC); Iowa County, Arena Pines-Sand Barrens State Natural Area, (220 m) [43°10’33” N 89°55’53” W], Sand barrens vegetated with jack pine, Beaten from branches of living Quercus sp. tree, 12.VI.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC); Lafayette County, about 3 miles north of Argyle, Wedel property [42°44’17” N 89°51’05” W], Southern mixed hardwood forest, Flight intercept trap, 27.V.2001, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀ and 2 ♂♂, WIRC; 6 sp., NGPC), 10.VI.2001, J. P. Gruber leg. (3 sp., NGPC), 24.VI.2001, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 sp., NGPC), 11.VI.2001, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♀♀ and 2 ♂♂, WIRC), 3.IX.2001, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, WIRC), 9.XII.2001, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♂, WIRC); Lafayette County, about 3 miles north of Argyle, Wedel property [42°44’17” N 89°51’05” W], Southern mixed deciduous hardwood forest, Unbaited Townes malaise trap, 5.VIII.2001, C. M. Brabant leg. (2 ♀♀, WIRC); Lafayette County, about 3 miles north of Argyle, Wedel property [42°44’17” N 89°51’05” W], Beating a dead oak, 1.IX.2003, N. Gompel leg. (4 sp., NGPC); Sauk County, Spring Green Preserve SNA, (220 m) [43°11’ N 90°03’ W], Dry-mesic southern forest, Beaten from branches of Quercus sp. tree, 1.X.2010, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC); Sauk County, Spring Green Preserve SNA, (220 m) [43°11’ N 90°03’ W], Dry-mesic southern forest, Found on underside of leaf on branch of Carya ovata tree, 12.VI.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (2 ♂♂, WIRC); Sauk County, Spring Green Preserve SNA, (220 m) [43°11’ N 90°03’ W], Dry-mesic southern forest, Beaten from branches of Cornus sp. tree, 22.VII.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀ and 1 ♂, WIRC); Shawano County, Jung Hemlock-Beech Forest State Natural Area [44°48’39” N 88°46’14” W], Old-growth northern mesic forest, Beaten from branches of Acer sp. tree, 17.VIII.2012, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC); Vernon County, Tunnelville Cliffs State Natural Area [43°34’17” N 90°41’33” W], Mixed coniferous/hardwood forest, Beaten from branches of Carya sp. , 19.VII.2014, J. P. Gruber leg. (1 ♀, WIRC); Waukesha County, Kettle Moraine State Forest, Southern Unit [42°52’21” N 88°30’50” W], Sandy oak barrens, Unbaited Townes malaise trap, 15.VII.2001, C. M. Brabant leg. (1 ♂, WIRC).

Distribution. United States: From Florida to eastern Texas and Oklahoma, north to New Hampshire and Wisconsin ( Werner, 1990).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Habitus of US Syzeton species. a, Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. b, S. fasciatus (Melsheimer 1846) ♂ from Wisconsin. c, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895) ♂ from Oklahoma. d, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878) ♂ from Texas. e, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♂ from Arkansas. f, S. gruberi n. sp. ♂ paratype from Arizona. g, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. h, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. i, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. j, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Missouri. k, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. l, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina. m, S. ouachitanus (Werner, 1990), elytral variation. n, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895), elytral variations, the white lines delinate a ~20º angle between the inner oblique markings. o, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878), elytral variations, the white lines delinate a ~30–40º angle between the inner oblique markings. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 3. ♂ genitalia of US Syzeton species in ventral view (left on all panels) and lateral view (right on all panels, ventral facing to the left). a, Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. b, S. fasciatus (Melsheimer 1846) ♂ from Wisconsin. c, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895) ♂ from Oklahoma. d, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878) ♂ from Texas. e, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♂ from Texas. f, S. gruberi n. sp. ♂ paratype from Arizona. g, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. h, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. i, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. j, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Missouri. k, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. l, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina. Note the presence of air bubbles in some of the genitalia presented here. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4. Heads of US Syzeton species. a–c and e–g, ♂ heads in frontal view. a, Syzeton arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. b, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. c, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. d, Syzeton pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. e, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina. f, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Mis- souri. Note the difference in interocular space denoted by white double arrows for each species. d and h, ♀ heads in side view. d, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♀ from Texas. h, S. ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♀ from Mississippi (paratype of Zonantes mississippiensis Werner, 1990). Note the difference in eye size, best seen when comparing the distance from the antennal notch to the edge of the eye, or the space separating the eye from the posterior head margin (white double arrows). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 5. External morphology of US Syzeton species. a–l, ♂ right foretibia in upper view. a, Syzeton ouachitanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. b, S. fasciatus (Melsheimer 1846) ♂ from Wisconsin. c, S. hubbardi (Casey 1895) ♂ from Oklahoma. d, S. nubifer (LeConte, 1878) ♂ from Texas. e, S. ater (LeConte, 1875) ♂ from Texas. f, S. gruberi n. sp. ♂ paratype from Arizona. g, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. h, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. i, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Texas. j, S. subfasciatus (LeConte, 1855) ♂ from Missouri. k, S. floridanus (Werner, 1990) ♂ from Florida. l, S. signatus (Haldeman, 1848) ♂ from South Carolina.Arrowheads indicate kinks or other modification of the inner side of the tibias; double black arrow denotes the curve of the tibia. m–n, ♀ antennae with details of antennomere 6–8 (inset). m, S. belovi n. sp. ♀ paratype from Texas. n, S. pallidus (Werner, 1990) ♀ from Texas. o, left hind-leg of S. fasciastus (from Wisconsin) in ventral view (arrow indicates the inflated femur). p–q, pubescence on elytral disc. p, S. belovi n. sp. ♂ holotype from Texas. q, S. arizonae n. sp. ♂ holotype from Arizona. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.