Physiphora alceae Preyssler, 1791

Chen, Xiao-Lin & Kameneva, Elena P., 2007, A review of Physiphora Fallén (Diptera: Ulidiidae) from China, Zootaxa 1398, pp. 15-28 : 17-22

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.175367

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6243312

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E1A829-2C38-B515-09A1-84B1FC5EDC53

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Physiphora alceae Preyssler, 1791
status

 

Physiphora alceae Preyssler, 1791 View in CoL ( Figs 1–9 View FIGURES 1 – 5 View FIGURES 6 – 9 )

Musca alceae Preyssler, 1791: 129 .

Physiphora alceae: Rozkošný, Chvála & Pont, 1982: 353 View in CoL ; Zuska, 1997: 70; Kameneva, 2000: 156; 2001: 156; Kameneva & Greve, 2004.

Musca demandata Fabricius, 1798: 564 .

Tephritis demandata Fabricius, 1805: 324 .

Ulidia demandata: Meigen, 1826: 386 ; Macquart, 1835: 504.

Chloria demandata: Schiner, 1864: 386 .

Chrysomyza demandata: Becker, 1905: 106 ; Hendel, 1910: 617; 1913b: 217; Séguy, 1934: 84.

Physiphora demandata: Hennig, 1940: 11 View in CoL ; Steyskal, 1977: 167; 1980: 576; Zaitzev, 1984: 60; Evenhuis, 1989: 481.

Chrysomyza splendida Fallén, 1817: 4 View in CoL .

Ulidia bicolor Schiner, 1864: 86 ; Séguy, 1934: 84; Zaitzev, 1984: 60; attributed to Macquart, 1835: 504 (Macquart’s “U. bicolore” was used clearly as a vernacular French name of Ulidia demandata ; consequently mentioned “ U. bicolor Macquart”, always as a synonym of demandata , is unavailable).

Ulidia smaragdi Walker, 1849: 1059 .

Diagnosis. Similar to P. longicornis in having cell r4+5 narrowly opened, fore leg with basitarsomere mostly whitish yellow, scutum and scutellum with green to blue sheen, but differing by head red­brown, the sheen of scutum and scutellum more bluish than green, aculeus about 8.6 times as long as wide at base.

Description. Head. Frons red­brown, subshiny, with two tomentose areas adjacent to each eye margins; slightly wider than eye, 1.1 times as long as wide, almost parallel­sided. Ocellar triangle and vertical plates usually black; vertical plates bare and subshiny. Ventral half of median facial plate and clypeus brown to darkbrown; dorsal half of median facial plate and antennal groove gray microtrichose; median facial plate slightly wider than antennal groove. Parafacial and gena brown, gena about 1/3 as high as eye. Occiput black, with brown area behind ocellar triangle. Mouthparts black. Antenna red­brown, 1st flagellomere rounded apically, 1.5–2.0 times as long as wide; arista bare ( Figs. 1–2 View FIGURES 1 – 5 ).

Thorax. Scutum and scutellum brown to black with golden­green sheen, without mictotrichose areas. All setae and setulae dark­brown.

Wing. Completely hyaline, postero­apical extension of cell cup long, about 3.0 times as long as transverse section of vein CuA2, Cell r4+5 narrowly opened ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1 – 5 ).

Legs. All coxae, femora and tibiae brown to black; foreleg basitarsomere mostly whitish yellow, blackbrown at very apex, other tarsomeres dark brown; mid and hind tarsi yellow to yellow­brown.

Abdomen. Both tergites and sternites brown or black­brown, sometimes with purple or blue reflection, tergite 2 with black setulae only. Male terminalia: sternite 8 brown to black; epandrium dark brown ( Figs. 6– 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ); subepandrial sclerite setulose ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 : x), with 2 somewhat thickened setae at posteroventral margin; proctiger ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 : c) with paired nipple­like ventral projections, each with short sensilla on apex; glans as on Fig. 8 View FIGURES 6 – 9 , basalmost spine not longer than phallus width at apex; ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ) wide fan­like. Female: aculeus 8.6 times as long as wide at base, cercal unit with 1 pair basal dorsal setae 1.5 times and pair of subapical lateroventral setae twice as long as cercal unit width ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1 – 5 ); 3 spherical spermathecae ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1 – 5 ).

Measurements: Wing length: 3.5 mm. Body length: 6.0 mm.

Abbreviations: C = proctiger (cerci); X = subepandrial sclerite (decasternum).

Material examined: China: Xinjiang: 10Ψ, 3ɗ: Tulufan, 20–140m, 8.VI.1956 (Wang Guang) ( IZCAS); Xinjiang: 3Ψ, 7ɗ: Ku Er Le, 1000–1020m, 13. VIII.1958 (Li Changqing) ( IZCAS); Xinjiang: 2Ψ, 3ɗ: A ke Su, 1210–1240m, 31. VIII.1958 (Li Changqing) ( IZCAS); Beijing: 3Ψ, 4ɗ: Da Xing, 16. VIII.1970 (no collector) ( IZCAS); Jiangsu: 1ɗ: Xu Zhou, VI.1960 (no collector) ( IZCAS). Japan: 1ɗ: "[Taisyaku­Kyou], Jinseki­cho, Hiroshima Pref., Honshu", 18.VII.1995 (Sueyoshi) ( BKUF).

Biology: Larvae apparently associated with various dead plant matters and also with dung ( Hennig, 1940).

Distribution: China (new records from Xinjiang, Beijing, Jiangsu); Japan; Europe, Iraq, Iran, Central Asia, India, Pakistan, south of Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, South Africa, Seychelles, Australia, North and South America.

Physiphora clausa ( Macquart, 1843) View in CoL ( Figs 10–19 View FIGURES 10 – 14 View FIGURES 15 – 19 )

Musca aenea Fabricius, 1794: 335 , unavailable name (junior primary homonym of Musca aenea Scopoli, 1763 ). Ulidia aenea: Wiedemann, 1830: 167 .

Chrysomyza aenea: Hendel, 1913a: 35 ; 1913b: 218. Physiphora aenea: Steyskal, 1977: 167 View in CoL .

Ulidia clausa Macquart, 1843: 251 .

Physiphora clausa: Steyskal, 1980: 576 View in CoL ; Evenhuis, 1989: 481; Kameneva, 2001: 156. Ulidia melanopsis Walker, 1849:1058 .

Ulidia divergens Walker, 1852:397 .

Ulidia fulviceps Walker, 1858:227 .

Diagnosis. Similar to P. hainanensis Chen , n. sp. in vein M and vein R4+5 forming petiolate at wing tip, head yellow­brown, and scutellum with whitish microtrichose beneath, but differing by the thorax and abdomen with golden­green and golden­red sheen, and by spemathecae spherical.

Description. Head. Frons yellow­brown to red­brown, subshiny, with two tomentose areas adjacent to eye margins; 1.2 times as long as wide, almost as wide as eye and parallel­sided. Ocellar triangle and vertical plates usually black; vertical plates bare and subshiny. Ventral half of median facial plate and clypeus brown to darkbrown, dorsal half of median facial plate and antennal groove gray microtrichose, median facial plate slightly wider than antennal groove. Parafacial and gena brown, gena about 1/3 as high as eye. Occiput black, with brown area behind ocellar triangle and narrow tomentose areas adjacent to eye margins. Mouthparts black. Antenna red­brown, 1st flagellomere rounded apically, 1.5–2.0 times as long as wide; arista bare ( Figs 10–11 View FIGURES 10 – 14 ).

Thorax. Scutum and scutellum brown to black, usually with different sheen: scutum golden­green and scutellum golden­red. Scutellum with gray microtrichose beneath. All setae and setulae dark­brown.

Wing. Completely hyaline, postero­apical extension of cell cup long, about 2.0 times as long as transverse section of vein CuA2, cell r4+5 completely closed, forming petiolate at wing tip ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 10 – 14 ).

Legs. Yellow­brown except fore leg with basitarsomere pale yellow and other tarsomeres black brown, tarsi dark brown.

Abdomen. Both tergites and sternites brown or black­brown, with green, red­golden, purple or blue reflection; abdominal tergite 2 yellowish white setulose on sides. Male postabdomen ( Figs. 15–19 View FIGURES 15 – 19 ) yellow, otherwise as described for P. a l c e a e. Female terminalia: aculeus 6.5–8 times as long as wide at base, similar to that of P. alceae ( Fig.14 View FIGURES 10 – 14 ); 3 spherical spermathecae ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 10 – 14 ).

Measurements: Wing length: 3.8–4.2 mm. Body length 4.0–6.0 mm.

Material examined. Type: Syntypes M. aenea : 2 specimens [sex? — heads and abdomens entirely destroyed]: “ aenea ” [Fabricius handwriting] ( ZMUC: Kiel collection). Syntype U. clausa : 1Ψ U. clausa : Indonesia: “M. h. Java” [black­framed gray paper handwritten label (“Bosc’s style”)], “526”, “ Ulidia / clausa ” [Macquart’s handwriting], “Museum Paris / Coll. Bosc 1828” [printed] ( MNHNP).

Non­type: China: Taiwan: 2ɗ, 2Ψ: “Chaipin”, VII.1912; 1ɗ, 2Ψ: “Pilam”, VII.1912; 7ɗ, 2Ψ: “Tainan” VII–XI.1912; 2ɗ, 4Ψ: “Anping”, V.1912 (Sauter) ( DEI), 1Ψ: same locality, V.1910; 3Ψ: “Takao”, 27.VI.1907 (Sauter) ( ZMHB); Yunnan: 1Ψ: Mangshi, 1000m, 4.VI.1956 (Huang Tianrong); 1ɗ: 900m, 1955. V. 16 (Wu Le & Bu Xike) ( IZCAS); 1Ψ,4ɗ: Menga, Xishuangbanna, 1050–1080 m, 5.VII.1958 (Chen Zhizi); 1ɗ, 5Ψ: same locality, 14.X.1958; 7Ψ,12ɗ: same locality, 15.X.1958 (no collector) ( IZCAS); Hainan: 1Ψ,1ɗ, Bao Ting, 80 m, 17.V.1960 (Li Suofu); 2Ψ,4ɗ, Bao Ting, 80 m, 26.VII.1960 (Zhang Xuezhong); 1ɗ: Wantian, Lingui, 260 m, 30.VI.1963 (Wang Shuyong) ( IZCAS); Guangxi: 1Ψ,2ɗ: Guilin, 25.VIII.1952 (no collector) ( IZCAS). Japan: 15 specimens: “Kuste 92º n. Breite”, IV.1895 (collector unknown) ( DEI); India: 1ɗ: “Calcutta, Indian Museum”, “ Chloria clausa Mcq. ” ( NHMW); Sri Lanka: 5ɗ, 7Ψ: “ Ceylon ” ( DEI); 2ɗ, 1Ψ: “ Ceylon ” (Nietner) ( ZMHB); Vietnam: 1ɗ, 1Ψ: “Kieng Giang, Tho Tu Isl.”, 9–10.IV.1987 (Ponomarenko) ( SIZK); Philippines: 1ɗ, 1Ψ: “Manilla” ( ZMHB); Singapore: 2ɗ: 14.I.1933 ( DEI); Indonesia: 1ɗ: Java, 1922; 1ɗ: “Yelok Ayer, Borneo”, 27.IX.1906; 1Ψ: “Borneo”, 29.VIII.1906 ( ZMHB); 2ɗ: “Java”, “aeneus”, “coll. Winth[em] ( NHMW). Additional 226 specimens from Arabian Peninsula, Africa, Australia and America ( DEI; ZMHB; NHMW; USNM; BMNH and other collections) examined, but not listed here.

Biology. G.S.Steyskal made a remark in his unpublished manuscript as “ P. c l a u s a reared in Thailand from mushroom Pleurotus cystidiosus ” (USNM).

Distribution. China ( Taiwan; new records from Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan); Seychelles to Samoa, Japan and Hawaii to Australia; South Africa; North and South America.

IZCAS

Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

ZMUC

Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen

DEI

Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut

NHMW

Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien

SIZK

Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Diptera

Family

Ulidiidae

Genus

Physiphora

Loc

Physiphora alceae Preyssler, 1791

Chen, Xiao-Lin & Kameneva, Elena P. 2007
2007
Loc

Physiphora alceae: Rozkošný, Chvála & Pont, 1982 : 353

Kameneva 2000: 156
Zuska 1997: 70
Rozkosny 1982: 353
1982
Loc

Physiphora clausa:

Kameneva 2001: 156
Evenhuis 1989: 481
Steyskal 1980: 576
Walker 1849: 1058
1980
Loc

Physiphora demandata:

Evenhuis 1989: 481
Zaitzev 1984: 60
Steyskal 1977: 167
Hennig 1940: 11
1940
Loc

Chrysomyza aenea:

Steyskal 1977: 167
Hendel 1913: 35
1913
Loc

Chrysomyza demandata:

Seguy 1934: 84
Hendel 1910: 617
Becker 1905: 106
1905
Loc

Chloria demandata:

Schiner 1864: 386
1864
Loc

Ulidia bicolor

Zaitzev 1984: 60
Seguy 1934: 84
Schiner 1864: 86
Macquart 1835: 504
1864
Loc

Ulidia fulviceps

Walker 1858: 227
1858
Loc

Ulidia divergens

Walker 1852: 397
1852
Loc

Ulidia smaragdi

Walker 1849: 1059
1849
Loc

Ulidia clausa

Macquart 1843: 251
1843
Loc

Ulidia demandata:

Macquart 1835: 504
Meigen 1826: 386
1826
Loc

Chrysomyza splendida Fallén, 1817 : 4

Fallen 1817: 4
1817
Loc

Tephritis demandata

Fabricius 1805: 324
1805
Loc

Musca demandata

Fabricius 1798: 564
1798
Loc

Musca aenea

Wiedemann 1830: 167
Fabricius 1794: 335
1794
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