Tuxedo drakei, SCHUH, 2004

SCHUH, RANDALL T., 2004, Revision of Tuxedo Schuh (Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae), American Museum Novitates 3435 (1), pp. 1-26 : 16-18

Tuxedo drakei , new species

Figures 1 , 2

HOLOTYPE: Male: ‘‘ USA: CALIF.: San Bernardino Co., 2 mi E of Wrightwood on Rt 2, 1563 m, June 30, 1980, R. T. Schuh; ex Fremontodendron californicum (Torr.) Cov. ssp. californicum , det. B. Ertter 1980 ( Sterculiaceae ).’’ Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the relatively small size in combination with the pale antennae, the extensive cream­colored fascia reaching to R­M, the hind femur castaneous on distal one­half (fig. 1), and the habit of breeding on Fremontodendron . Most similar in appearance to T. bicinctus and T. susansolomonae , but distinguished from bicinctus by the entirely castanaeous hind femur in that species, and from both by size differences, as well as the different host preferences. Vesica in male also distinctive, with a single, short, bifid apical spine very similar in form to that found in bicinctus (fig. 2), but readily distinguished from that species through comparison of the overall form of the vesica.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small; total length 3.01–3.22, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 2.06–2.19, width pronotum 0.98–1.06. COLORATION (fig. 1): Background coloration castaneous; basal one­third to one­half of cuneus creamy white; clavus always with a broad, pale area just posterior to apex of scutellum, extending onto adjacent corium and forming a more­or­less continuous, pale, transverse fascia reaching to R­M vein; antennal segments 1–4 entirely pale; labium almost entirely pale; legs, including coxae pale, except distal one­half of hind femora castaneous. SURFACE AND VES­ TITURE (fig. 1): Dorsum moderately shining. STRUCTURE: Body appearing somewhat flattened. GENITALIA (fig. 2): Body of vesica relatively stout in comparison to most other Tuxedo spp. , most similar in this respect to Tuxedo bicinctus , but longer and with a more open curve than found in that species; vesica with a single, bifid apical spine extending only short distance beyond secondary gonopore and not extending beyond envelope of vesica, form very similar to that of T. bicinctus ; vesical spine in T. cruralis also of similar appearance, but longer and curving, and vesica not so stout in that species.

Female: Small; total length 2.82–3.22, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.0– 2.33, width pronotum 1.00–1.06. COLOR­ ATION (fig. 1): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: As in generic description.

ETYMOLOGY: This species in named for Carl J. Drake who collected the first known specimens of the taxon at Fresno, California.

HOST: Known only from Fremontodendron californicum (Torr.) Cov. (Sterculiaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Southern California.

DISCUSSION: This is the taxon that Knight (1929) identified as Microphyllelus bicinctus (Van Duzee) . My analysis shows, however, that it is larger than bicinctus , contrary to Knight’s assertions. As noted by Knight, drakei apparently does have a different host than bicinctus , the latter having been documented through numerous collections to breed most frequently on Ceanothus spp. and Cercocarpus spp. Tuxedo drakei , on the oth­ er hand, is so far known to breed only on Fremontodendron californicum .

PARATYPES: USA: California: Fresno Co.: Fresno, July 20, 1926, C. J. Drake, 43, 11♀ (USNM). Kern Co.: near Kernville, Headquarters Camp, Sequoia National Forest, May 10, 1997 – June 18, 1993, W. F. Chamberlin, 43, 3♀ (TAMU). San Bernardino Co.: 2 mi E of Wrightwood on Rt 2, 1563 m, June 26, 1980, R. T. Schuh, Fremontodendron californicum (Sterculiaceae) , 683, 88♀ (AMNH, USNM), holotype male (AMNH). Camp Baldy, August 8, 1950, W. C. Bentinck, 13 (UCB). Camp Baldy, June 12, 1916, L. J. Muchmore, Fremontodendron sp. (Sterculiaceae) , 13, 2♀ (UCB). Ventura Co.: Ozena Camp, 3500 ft, July 4, 1961, W. E. Simmons, Fremontia sp. (Sterculiaceae) , 1♀ (UCB).

Tuxedo elongatus , new species

Figures 1 , 2

HOLOTYPE: Male: ‘‘[ USA:] CALIFORNIA: Siskiyou Co., 6.9 mi S of Medicine Lake on Powder Hill Road, 19 July 1985 collectors GM Stonedahl & JD McIver; ex: Castanopsis chrysophylla (Fagaceae) .’’ Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the extremely elongate form of the hemelytra (fig. 1), and distinguishable from all other Tuxedo species on that basis. Antennae pale, or nearly so (fig. 1). Form of the male genitalia most similar to nicholi with two apical spines pointing in opposite directions (fig. 2), but separated from that species by the lack of ornament on the left­hand spine, and more readily by the graphic differences in coloration and general conformation.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Elongate, very slen­ der; total length 3.44–3.74, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.23–2.35, width pronotum 0.84 –0.87. COLORATION (fig. 1): Background coloration weakly castaneous; basal one­third to one­half of cuneus creamy white; clavus always with a rounded pale area just posterior to apex of scutellum, sometimes broader and nearly parallel­sided and extending onto adjacent corium and forming a more­or­less continuous, pale, transverse fascia reaching to R­M; antennal segments 1–4 yellow to weakly reddish; labial segments 2 and 3 pale; all coxae, fore­ and middle femora, and all tibiae pale; hind femora castaneous on at least distal half. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 1): Pronotum highly polished and shining, remainder of dorsum very weakly shining. STRUCTURE: Body appearing somewhat flattened; hemelytra greatly elongated, particularly cuneus, extending well past apex of abdomen. GENITALIA (fig. 2): Body of vesica strongly curving basally; vesica with two apical spines, both curving and pointing in opposite directions, extending well beyond secondary gonopore and envelope of vesica, of general form most similar to that of nicholi , but left spine in that species bifid apically and with serrate shaft.

Female: Small; total length 2.47–2.66, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.68–1.76, width pronotum 0.77–0.84. COLORATION (fig. 1): As in male, except transverse fascia at apex of scutellum always broad and intense on clavus, always complete and extending to and including costal vein. SURFACE AND VES­ TITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: As in generic description.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the very elongate hemelytra in the males.

HOSTS: Castanopsis chrysophylla A. DC. and Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Northern Oregon south though eastern California to northern Arizona.

DISCUSSION: This is the only species of Tuxedo in which the males have extremely elongate hemelytra. The females show no such elongation and are extremely difficult to separate from other small species such as T. bicinctus and T. drakei .

PARATYPES: USA: Arizona: Coconino Co.: 3.5 mi S of Sedona on Rt 179, T17N R6E Sec. 30, 4200 ft, June 15, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) , 33, 44♀ (AMNH). Mohave Co.: Hualapi Mts., SE of Kingman, T20N R15W, 4000–6400 ft, June 9, 1983, R. T. Schuh, M. D. Schwartz, and G. M. Stonedahl, Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH). California: Plumas Co.: Quiney, Johnsville, August 7, 1967, H. Pini, 13 (CAFA). Siskiyou Co.: 6.9 mi S of Medicine Lake on Powder Hill Road, July 19, 1985, G. M. Stonedahl and J. D. McIver, Castanopsis chrysophylla (Fagaceae) , 83, 11♀ (AMNH, USNM), holotype male (AMNH). Oregon: Deschutes Co.: Black Butte, east side, 4850 ft, October 1, 1979, J. D. Lattin, Castanopsis chrysophylla (Fagaceae) , 3♀ (OSU). Hood River Co.: 6 mi S of Parkdale, T1S R10E Sec. 31, 3320 ft, August 23, 1978, J. D. Lattin, 6♀ (OSU). T2S R10E Sec. 32, 3500 ft, September 13, 1979, J. D. Lattin, 1♀ (OSU).

Figures

Fig. 1. Habitus views of Tuxedo spp. See appendix 1 for localities.

Fig. 2. Male genitalia of Tuxedo spp. See appendix 1 for localities.