Cylapus citus Bergroth, 1922

Wolski, Andrzej, 2017, Taxonomic review of the plant bug genera Amapacylapus and Cylapus with descriptions of two new species and a key to the genera of Cylapini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 57 (2), pp. 399-455 : 425-429

Cylapus citus Bergroth, 1922

( Figs 40–42 , 58 , 78, 79 , 80–84 )

Cylapus citus Bergroth, 1922: 1 (new species).

Cylapus citus: CARVALHO & FONTES (1968) : 274 (list); SCHUH (1976): 20, Fig. 37 (discussion, pretarsal structure); SCHUH (1995): 23 (catalog); KERZHNER & KONSTANTINOV (1999): 121, 122, Fig. 10 (male genitalia); GORCZYCA (2006b): 16 (catalog); SCHUH (2013) (online catalog).

Cylapus (Cylapus) citus: CARVALHO (1957) : 29 (catalog).

Type material (not examined). HOLOTYPE: BRAZIL: AMAZONAS: ♀, “ Upper Amazonas ( Olivença )” ( Fig.42) ( NHRS) . Additional material examined. BOLIVIA: LA PAZ: 1 J, “ Tumupasa , Boliv[ia], xii, W M. Mann ; Mulford Biol. Expl. 1921–1922 ; Carvalho to Drake Coll. 1993 ; 1 ♀, Bolivia, Uyapi, Guanay,?–10–1993, G. Arriagada leg.” ( USNM). BRAZIL: AMAZONAS: 1 ♀, “ Tefe, Amazonas, Brasil , 27 a 31–VII–1956, M. Álvarenga legit ; Coleção Campos Seabra ; Carvalho to Drake Coll. 1993” ( USNM). RONDÔNIA: J, “ Brazil: Rondônia, 62 km SW Ariquemes near Fzda. [= farm] Rancho Grade 3–15–XII–1996 JE Eger, Collected at night ; C. J. Drake Eger Accession 1997” ( USNM); 1J 3♀♀, “ Brazil: Rondônia, 62 km SW Ariquemes near Fzda. [= farm] Rancho Grade 4–16–XI–1997 JE Eger, Collected at night ; C. J. Drake Eger Accession 1998” ( USNM); 1J, “ Brazil: Rondônia, 62 km SW Ariquemes, nr Fzda. Rancho Grande , 30–III–10–IV–1992, J. E. Eger, Coll. ” ( USNM) ( Fig. 40 ). GUYANA: CUYUNI- MAZARUNI: 1 J, “GUYANA: MAZARUNI: POTARO DISTRICT, TAKUTU MOUNTAINS, TAKUTU LUMBER CAMP, 6°15’N, 59°, 00’ W, 30 December 1982 ; W. E. Steiner, J. E. Lowry & G. L. Williams collectors” ( USNM). PERU: HUÁNUCO: 1 ♀, “ Peru, Panguana, Dept. Huanuco , Rio Llullapichis , Nebenfluss des Rio Pachitea , 9°37’S, 74°56’W, 260 m, 23.XI.2008 – 11. XII.2008, leg. K. Schönitzer, F.Glaw & F.Wachtel ” ( ZSMC). JUNIN: 2 JJ 1♀, “ Peru: Junin: San Rámon de Pangoa , 40 km S, Satipo , 750 meters, January 29, 1974, R.T. Schuh ; PERU: Junin: San Ramón de Pangoa, 40 km S, Satipo , 750 meters, January 29, 1974, R.T. Schuh ” ( AMNH); 1 ♀, “ Satipo, Peru, XI.17.1947, P. Paprzycki ; 249; J.C. Lutz Collection 1961” ( USNM). LORETO: 1 J 1 ♀ (on one pin), “ Peru, Loreto , IV, 70, B. Malkin ; Carvalho to Drake Coll. 1993” ( USNM) ; 2♀♀ (on one pin), “Peru, Loreto, IV, 70, B. Malkin” ( USNM) . MADRE DE DIOS: 2 ♀♀, “ Perú, D[e]p[ar]t[ament]o Madre de Dios, Prov[invincia] Manu – Pakitka, C.S. Carbonell 22–V–16” ( AMNH) ( Fig. 41) .

Diagnosis. Recognized by the following set of characters: antennal segment II thinner than segment I ( Figs 40–42 ); pronotum black except for yellow patch on humeral angle ( Figs 40–42 ); corium with yellow, large, oblique patch medially ( Figs 40–42 ); endosomal sclerite es1 long, with basal two thirds tapering toward apex, apical one third broadened, extreme apex serrate; es2 short, broad, cylindrical, tapering toward apex at apical one sixth; es3 long, strongly tapering toward apex, sharply pointed; es4 long, weakly arcuate, slightly tapering toward apex, sharply pointed ( Fig. 80 ).

Most similar to C. ruficeps in sharing large, oblique patch medially ( Figs 40–42, 46, 47 ). It can, however, be distinguished by the head coloration and the shape of the male genitalia ( Figs 80–84 ).

Redescription. Male (composite description based on BERGROTH 1922 and the specimens mentioned below). Coloration ( Figs 40–42 , 58 ). Dorsum black with yellow areas. Head. Vertex and basal portion of frons varying from yellow to brown; rest of head, except of yellow gula and posterior portion of maxillary plates and buccula black; antenna dark castaneous to black; segment III with narrow, yellow annulation basally; labium black. Thorax. Pronotum black, except for yellow humeral angle. Mesoscutum and scutellum black; scutellum yellow apically. Thoracic pleura black; mesepimeron with yellow stripe along entire length; metathoracic scent gland evaporative areas fuscous yellow. Hemelytron black to dark brown with yellow areas; basal portion of R+M vein yellow; corium with short, relatively broad, oblique yellow patch medially; inner margin of corium and outer margin of clavus narrowly yellow along entire length; apex of clavus narrowly yellow; apex of embolium and basal margin of cuneus yellow; membrane fuscous. Legs. Coxae black; metacoxa yellow at apical half; remaining segments varying from brown dirty yellow to black. Abdomen black. Structure, texture and vestiture ( Figs 40–42 , 58 , 78, 79 ). Head covered with relatively long, erect, sparse setae; antenna covered with short, sparse, erect and semirecumbent setae; segment I thin, weakly broadened toward apex; segment II thinner than segment I, cylindrical. Thorax. Pronotum covered with relatively long, erect setae; calli moderately developed. Mesoscutum and scutellum covered with relatively long, erect, moderately dense setae; scutellum weakly convex. Male genitalia ( Figs 80–84 ). Aedeagus ( Fig. 80 ). Endosoma with four sclerites (es1–es4): es1 long, with basal two thirds tapering toward apex, apical one third broadened, extreme apex serrate; es2 short, broad, cylindrical, tapering toward apex at apical one sixth; es3 long, strongly tapering toward apex, sharply pointed; es4 long, weakly arcuate, slightly tapering toward apex, sharply pointed. Left paramere ( Figs 81–83 ). Apical process sinuate; paramere body thin, with distinct sensory lobe. Right paramere ( Fig. 84 ). Sinuate; apical process short, obtuse; sensory lobe well developed.

Female. Similar to male in structure, texture, and vestiture.

Measurements (in mm). J / ♀. Body. Length: 5.90–6.10 / 7.50–8.30, width: 1.75–1.90 / 2.40–2.50. Head. Length: 0.62–0.67 / 0.68–0.70, width: 1.25–1.30 / 1.30–1.40, interocular distance 0.47–0.52 / 0.50–0.55. Antenna. Length of segment I: 1.40–1.55 / 1.20–1.60, II: 3.45–3.60 / 3.20–5.00, III: 5.45–5.50 / 4.60–5.00, IV: 2.75–3.00 / 3.80–5.00. Labium. Length of segment I: 0.98–1.00 / 1.00–1.10, II: 0.95–1.10 / 1.00–1.10, III: 5.40–5.50 / 3.50–4.50, IV: 0.40–0.60 / missing. Pronotum. Length: 0.95–1.00 / 1.10–1.15, width of anterior margin: 0.95–1.15 / 1.20–1.30, length of lateral margin: 1.00–1.10 / 1.10–1.30, width of posterior margin: 2.00–2.20 / 2.30–2.40.

Biology. Collected on fallen logs, covered with pyrenomycete fungi ( SCHUH 1976).

Distribution. Bolivia (La Paz) (this paper), Brazil (Amazonas, Rondônia) ( BERGROTH 1922, this paper), Guyana (Cuyuni-Mazaruni) (this paper), Peru (Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios) ( SCHUH 1976; this paper).

Figures

Figs 36–40. Dorsal habitus photographs of Cylapus species: 36 – C. amazonicus Carvalho, 1989 (J); 37–39 – C. antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (37 – J holotype, 38 – J, 39 – ♀); 40 – C. citus Bergroth, 1922 (J).

Figs 56–65. Lateral view of Cylapus species: 56 – C. amazonicus Carvalho, 1989 (J); 57 – C. antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (J); 58 – C. citus Bergroth, 1922 (♀); 59 – C. luridus sp. nov. (J); 60 – C. marginicollis (Distant, 1883) (J); 61 – C. ruficeps Bergroth, 1922 (♀); 62 – C. stellatus (Distant, 1883) (♀); 63 – C. striatus Reuter, 1907 (♀); 64 – C. tenuicornis (Say, 1832) (J); 65 – C. tucuruiensis Carvalho, 1989 (J).

Figs 76–79. Scanning electron micrographs of Cylapus antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (76–77) and C. citus Bergroth, 1922 (78–79): 76–77 – antennal segment II; 78 – metafemur; 79 – pretarsal structure.

Figs 80–89. Male genitalia of Cylapus citus Bergroth, 1922 (80–84) and C. luridus sp. nov. (85–89): 80, 85 – endosoma; 81, 86 – left paramere (dorsal view); 82, 87 – left paramere (right lateral view); 83, 88 – apical process of left paramere; 84, 89 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 8–11. Scanning electron micrographs of Amapacylapus amapariensis Carvalho & Fontes, 1968: 8 – dorsal habitus; 9 – lateral view; 10 – thoracic pleura; 11 – protarsus.Abbreviations: ea = evaporative areas; msp = metathoracic spiracle; pc = posterior carina; per = peritreme.