Eupilaria japonica Kato

Kato, Daichi, 2022, Four genera of Limoniidae (Diptera) new to Japan with descriptions of new species, Zootaxa 5168 (4), pp. 401-418 : 410-413

Eupilaria japonica Kato , sp. nov.

( Figs 6A–D, F–J , 7 , 10C )

Diagnosis. Dark greyish species with unpatterned wing except stigma ( Figs 6A–B ). Presutural area of mesonotum with three dark markings. Scutal lobe with large and weakly dark area on outer anterior part. Wing dark brownish tinged. Legs mainly ocherous to dark brown, occasionally paler on basal tarsomeres. Abdomen brown to dark brown. Male tergite 9 with central part of caudal margin bearing two pairs of lobes, inner pair about twice as long and wide as outer one. Clasper of gonostylus hooked at tip. Lateral process of aedeagal sheath very long, gradually curved ventrally toward tip; distal part wider than basal part, with small point at anterior margin near tip.

Type material. HOLOTYPE 1 male, JAPAN, Nansei Islands , Iriomote-jima Is , Taketomi-chȏ , Komi, Mairagawa River, alt. 20 m, N24.3221, E123.8998, 15.III.2016, D. Kato ( BLKU) . PARATYPES: JAPAN:[Nansei Islands] Amami Is: 2 males, Setouchi-chô, Shinokawa, Mt. Eboshi-yama , N28.231, E129.302, 4.X.2013 , D. Kato ( BLKU); Tokunoshima Is: 3 males 1 female, Tokunoshima-chȏ, Kedoku , Mt. Minada-yama , N27.81, E128.94, 30.IX.2013 , D. Kato ( BLKU); 1 female, Tokunoshima-chȏ, Todoroki, near Mt. Sasontsuji-dake , alt. 200 m, N27.8392, E128.9407, 2.IV.2019 , D. Kato ( BLKU); Okinawa Is: 3 males 2 females, Kunigami-son, Yona, Mt. Fuenchiji-dake , alt. 300 m, N26.7487, E128.2423, 21. V.2016, D. Kato ( BLKU); 23 males 8 females, same data as previous except alt. 310 m, 29. V.2022, L.-P. Kolcsár ( CKLP); 10 males 1 female, Kunigami-son, Hentona, near Yonaha trail, alt. 300 m, N26.7288, E128.2122, 28. V.2022, L.-P. Kolcsár ( CKLP); Ishigaki Is: 2 males, Hirae, trailhead of Mt. Omoto-dake , alt. 180 m, N24.4177, E124.1886, 27.IX.2013 , D. Kato ( BLKU); 2 males, Hirae, south of Nagura Dam , alt. 80 m, N24.4052, E124.1810, 27.IX.2013 , D. Kato ( BLKU); 4 males, Ishigaki, Mt. Banna-dake , alt. 100 m, N24.3690, E124.1607, 13. V.2016, D. Kato ( BLKU); 1 male, Miyara, Mt. Omoto-dake , alt. 110 m, N24.4382, E124.2097, 26.IX.2013 , D. Kato ( BLKU); 3 males, same data as previous except 27.IX.2013 ; Iriomote Is: 3 males, same data as holotype; 1 male, same data as holotype except 17. V.2016; 1 male, same data as holotype except 7.VIII.2016 ; 3 males, Haeminaka , alt. 30 m, N24.297, E123.870, 13.III.2016 , D. Kato ( BLKU); 1 male, same data as previous except alt. 170–230 m, 19. V.2016; 4 males, same data as previous except alt. 150–220 m, 6.VIII.2016 .

Description. Male.

Head. Brownish grey, more brownish ventrally, sparsely covered with short black setae. Vertex often narrowly light grey at anterior and lateral margins, with indistinctly dark oval area on medial part; narrowest part about three times as wide as scape. Antenna brownish grey, 1.5–2 times as long as head. Scape cylindrical, about three times as long as wide. Pedicel globular, about as long as wide, as wide as scape, half length of scape. Flagellum 14-segmented. Flagellomeres globular, as long as or slightly longer than wide on basal segments; distal segments slender, about four times as long as wide on apical segment; verticils on flagellomeres black, longest on distal segments and about four times as long as segment; basal 5–6 flagellomeres covered with whitish pubescence ventrally, shorter than each segment. Rostrum short, about 2/3 length of scape. Palpus short, dark brown, 4-segmented; palpomere 2 and 3 longest; palpomere 3 widest. Labellum dark brown.

Thorax. Generally grey to brownish grey, sparsely covered with short pale setae. Postpronotum lighter grey, sometimes lateral part yellowish. Presutural area of mesonotum with broad central stripe and pair of oval spots; middle stripe weakly constricted at level of prescutal pit, running from anterior end of mesonotum and ending slightly before transverse suture; in anterodorsal view, middle stripe divided by narrow grey line except anterior part; lateral oval spot situated on posterior 1/3 of presutural area of mesonotum, slightly shorter than half length of middle stripe; prescutal pit black, bacilliform, sometimes weakly curved; tuberculate pit distinct, situated about five times length of itself posterior to anterior end of mesonotum. Scutal lobe with weakly dark, large marking on outer anterior corner to center, sometime yellowish at outer posterior corner. Scutellum often more brownish than other parts of mesonotum. Mediotergite sometimes bearing ill-defined, longitudinal dark stripe at middle. Pleuron ocherous grey to dark brownish grey, often variegated with dark brownish grey and ocherous; ventral 2/3 of anepisternum and ventral 1/3 of katepisternum darker in lateral view; dorsopleural membrane dusky yellow. Wing ( Fig. 6C ) tinged with dark brown, stigma slightly darker and oval. Sc ending beyond fork of Rs. Crossvein Sc-r situated about 3–6 times length of itself proximal to tip of Sc. R 3 sinuous, usually 1/3 to 1/4 length of R 4; tip reaching at C. R 4 and R 5 weakly curved posteriorly on distal part. Cell m 1+2 1.5–3 times as long as cell dm. Crossvein m-cu situated between anterior end and middle of cell dm. Legs mainly ocherous to dark brown, mainly covered with brown to dark brown setae. Coxae and trochanters pale yellow to ocherous; fore coxa dark on basal 1/3 to 1/2. Femora with basal parts gradually pale toward bases. Tibiae narrowly dark at tips in specimens from Amami, Tokunoshima, and Okinawa Is ( Fig. 6A ). Tarsi in specimens from Amami, Tokunoshima, and Okinawa Is. with basal 3–4 segments dusky yellow, each tip narrowly and weakly dark; hind tarsomere 1 sometimes whitish; setae on these segments pale yellow ( Fig. 6B ). Claw simple, about half length of tarsomere 5, strongly curved near middle. Halter about twice as long as mediotergite, dark brown; basal 1/4 of stem yellowish.

Abdomen. Brown to dark brown, covered with short brown setae. Tergite 1 often grayish; tergite 7 with densely setulose area laterally. Sternites sometimes yellowish. Male terminalia ( Fig. 6D ) with tergite 9 roundly produced at caudal margin; central part of caudal margin with two pairs of lobes, inner pair about twice as long and wide as outer one, tongue-shaped; outer pair more triangular. Sternite 9 straight at caudal margin. Gonocoxite about as long as tergite 9, slightly broad on basal part; dorsomedial part with small tubercle at basal 1/3. Clasper of gonostylus ( Fig. 6F ) flat rod-shaped, about as long as lobe of gonostylus; distal 1/6 narrowed and curved into hook; tip rounded and directed dorsally. Lobe of gonostylus ( Fig. 6G ) tongue-shaped, about 2.5 times as wide as clasper of gonostylus. Interbase ( Figs 6H–I ) with mesal-apical lobe slender rod-shaped, obtuse at tip, about as long as reminder of interbase; basal part fused into round fin-like lobe. Lateral process of aedeagal sheath very long, flat rod-shaped, directed posteriorly at base, gradually curved ventrally toward tip; distal part wider than basal part; tip strongly narrowed and pointed, with small point at anterior margin near tip ( Fig. 6J ); medial part of apical end weakly desclerotized. Aedeagus cylindrical in lateral view; tip directed posteroventrally, situated anterior to tip of interbase.

Female.

Generally resembling male. Claw shorter, 1/3 length of tarsomere 5.

Female terminalia ( Figs 7A–B ). Mainly dark brown. Tergite 8 narrow medially. Tergite 9 about as narrow as medial part of tergite 8, slightly wider on lateral part. Tergite 10 about 1.5 times as long as wide and six times as long as tergite 9. Cercus amber color, 1.3 times as long as tergite 10, weakly upcurved toward tip. Sternite 8 ( Fig. 7C ) squarish, slightly wider than long. Hypogynial valve amber color, ocherous on basal part, dark at dorsal margin of basal part, twice as long as sternite 8, slightly wider than basal part of cercus in lateral view; tip ending at level of basal 1/2 of cercus. Sternite 9 ( Fig. 7D ) long rod-shaped, posterior 1/5 forked. Sternite 10 roughly rectangular, about twice as wide as long; posterior margin with small lobe at middle; anterior margin indistinct.

Measurements. Male (n = 33): body length 4.6–8.0 mm, wing length 5.3–8.7 mm. Female (n = 5): body length 6.6–8.9 mm, wing length 5.7–7.8 mm.

Etymology. This species is named after Japan. The specific name is a feminine adjective in nominative singular.

Distribution. Japan (Nansei Islands: Amami, Tokunoshima, Okinawa, Ishigaki, and Iriomote Is) ( Fig. 10C ).

Remarks. This species is similar to an Indian species, E. varaha Alexander, 1956 , but is differentiated from it by the following characters: mesonotum grey to brownish grey with dark central stripe and paired pots (brownish black in E. varaha ); tergite 9 of male terminalia with outer pair of lobe small, about 1/3 length of inner pair ( Fig. 6D ) (2/3 length of inner pair in E. varaha ( Fig. 6E )); lateral process of aedeagal sheath with distal part wider than basal part, bearing subapical small point at anterior margin, medial part of apical end weakly desclerotized ( Fig.6J ) (distal part not wide, gradually narrow to tip in E. varaha ( Fig. 6K )).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Eupilaria japonica sp. nov. (A–D, F–J) and E. varaha Alexander, 1956 (E, K, traced from the holotype slide): A, habitus (male from Okinawa Is.); B, ibid (male from Iriomote Is.); C, wing; D, male terminalia, dorsal view; E, male tergite 9; F, outer gonostylus, ventral surface; G, inner gonostylus, outer surface; H, aedeagal complex, dorsal view; I, ibid, lateral view (left = dorsal); J–K, apical part of lateral process of aedeagal sheath, dorsal surface (left = anterior). Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–I, 0.1 mm (not given in E and K).

FIGURE 7. Female terminalia of Eupilaria japonica sp. nov.: A, overall, lateral view; B, ibid, dorsal view; C, sternite 8 and hypogynial valve, ventral view; D, sternite 9, ventral view (left = anterior). Scale bars: A–D, 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 10. Distributions of species. A, Crypteria nippon sp. nov.; B, Dasymallomyia ditenostyla Alexander, 1964 (red), and D. tachii sp. nov. (orange); C, Eupilaria japonica sp. nov.; D, Protohelius japonicus sp. nov.